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Browsing named entities in George Bancroft, History of the Colonization of the United States, Vol. 1, 17th edition..

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1612 AD (search for this): chapter 5
treal, and Algonquins from Quebec, in an expedition against the Iroquois, or Five Nations, in the north of New York. He ascended the Sorel, and explored the lake which bears his name, and perpetuates his memory. The Huguenots had been active in plans of coloniza- 1610. tion. The death of Henry IV. deprived them of their powerful protector. Yet the zeal of De Monts survived, and he quickened the courage of Champlain. After the short supremacy of Charles de Bourbon, the Prince of 1611, 1612. Conde, an avowed protector of the Calvinists, became viceroy of New France; through his intercession, mer- 1615. chants of St. Malo, Rouen, and La Rochelle, obtained a colonial patent from the king; and Champlain, now sure of success, embarked once more for the New World, accompanied by monks of the order of St. Francis. Again he invades the territory of the Iroquois in New York. Wounded, and repulsed, and destitute of guides, he Chap. I.} 1615, 1616. spends the first winter after his r
1602 AD (search for this): chapter 5
rance, he established their tenants on the desolate Isle of Sable; and the wretched exiles sighed for their dungeons. After some years, the few survivers received a pardon. The temporary residence in America was deemed a sufficient commutation for a long imprisonment. The prospect of gain prompted the next enterprise. A monopoly of the fur-trade, with an ample patent, was obtained by Chauvin; and Pontgrave, a merchant of 1600 St. Malo, shared the traffic. The voyage was repeated, 1601-2 for it was lucrative. The death of Chauvin prevented his settling a colony. A firmer hope of success was entertained, when a 1603. company of merchants of Rouen was formed by the governor of Dieppe; and Samuel Champlain, of Brouage, an able marine officer and a man of science, was appointed to direct the expedition. By his natural disposition, delighting marvellously in these enterprises, Champlain became the father of the French settlements in Canada. He possessed a clear and penetrati
1605 AD (search for this): chapter 5
design of exploring and colo- 1534 nizing the New World. James Cartier, a mariner of St. Malo, was selected to lead the expedition. See Cartier's account in Hakluyt. III. 250—262. Compare Charlevoix, N. F. L 8, 9; Purchas, I. 931; Ibid, IV. 1605; Belknap's Am. Biog. i 161—163. His several voyages are of great moment; for they had a permanent effect in guiding the attention of France to the region of the St. Lawrence. It was in April, that Aprl 20. the mariner, with two ships, left the to their purposes, that, in the following spring, they removed to Port Royal. 1605 For an agricultural colony, a milder climate was more desirable; in view of a settlement at the south, De Monts explored and claimed for France the rivers, the 1605. coasts and the bays of New England, as far, at least, as Cape Cod. The numbers and hostility of the savages led him to delay a removal, since his colonists Chap. I.} 1606 were so few. Yet the purpose remained. Thrice, in the spring of the fol
1609 AD (search for this): chapter 5
number and importance of the fishing stages had increased; in 1578 there were one 1578 hundred and fifty French vessels at Newfoundland, and regular voyages, for traffic with the natives, began to be successfully made. One French mariner, before 1609, had made more than forty voyages to the American coast. The purpose of founding a French empire in America was renewed, and an ample commission 1596. was issued to the Marquis'de la Roche, a nobleman of Chap. I.} Brittany. Yet his enterprisewho aimed not at the profits of trade, but at the glory of founding a state. The city of Quebec was begun; that is to say, rude cottages were framed, a few fields were cleared, and one or two gardens planted. The next year, that singularly bold 1609. adventurer, attended but by two Europeans, joined a mixed party of Hurons from Montreal, and Algonquins from Quebec, in an expedition against the Iroquois, or Five Nations, in the north of New York. He ascended the Sorel, and explored the lake w
1604 AD (search for this): chapter 5
nd men without a profession, and all banished men, were doomed to lend him aid. A lucrative monopoly was added to the honors of territorial jurisdiction. Wealth and glory were alike expected. An expedition was prepared without delay, and left 1604. Mar. 7. the shores of France, not to return till a permanent French settlement should be made in America. All New France was now contained in two ships, which followed the well-known path to Nova Scotia. The summer glided away, while the emigra Poutrincourt, a leader in the enterprise, that he sued for a grant of it from De Monts, and, naming it Port Royal, determined to reside there with his family. The company of De Monts made their first attempt at a settlement on the island of St. 1604. Croix, at the mouth of the river of the same name The remains of their fortifications were still visible, 1798. when our eastern boundary was ascertained. Yet the island was so ill suited to their purposes, that, in the following spring, they r
1625 AD (search for this): chapter 5
place 1624. of council against the Iroquois and against New England, was durably founded on a commanding cliff. In the same year, the viceroyalty was transferred to 1624. the religious enthusiast, Henry de Levi; and through his influence, in 1625, just a year after Jesuits had 1625. reached the sources of the Ganges and Thibet, the banks of the St. Lawrence received priests of the order, which was destined to carry the cross to Lake Superior and the West. The presence of Jesuits and Ca1625. reached the sources of the Ganges and Thibet, the banks of the St. Lawrence received priests of the order, which was destined to carry the cross to Lake Superior and the West. The presence of Jesuits and Calvinists led to dissensions. The savages caused disquiet. But the persevering founder of Quebec appealed to the Royal Council and to Richelieu; and though disasters inter- 1627 vened, Champlain successfully established the authority of the French on the banks of the St. Lawrence, in the territory which became his country. The father of New France lies buried in the land which he colonized. Thus the humble industry of the fishermen of 1635 Normandy and Brittany promised their country the ac
1497 AD (search for this): chapter 5
ifth part of their gains; while the exclusive right of frequenting all the countries that might be found, was reserved to them and to their assigns, unconditionally and without limit of time. Under this patent, which, at the first direction of 1497. English enterprise towards America, embodied the worst features of monopoly and commercial restriction, John Cabot, taking with him his son Sebastian, embarked in quest of new islands and a passage to Asia by the north-west. After sailing prosperously, as he thought, for seven hundred leagues, on the twenty-fourth day of June, 1497, early in the morning, almost fourteen months before Columbus on his third voyage came in sight of the main, and more than Chap. I.} 1497. two years before Amerigo Vespucci sailed west of the Canaries, he discovered the western continent, probably in the latitude of about fifty-six degrees, among the dismal cliffs of Labrador. He ran along the coast for many leagues, it is said even for three hundred, and
1492 AD (search for this): chapter 5
y, was still the promiser of kingdoms; holding firmly in his grasp the keys of the ocean sea, claiming as it were from Heaven the Indies as his own, and dividing them as he pleased. The increase of years did not impair his holy confidence; and in 1492, when he seemed to have outlived the 1492. possibility of success, he gave a New World to Castile and Leon, the like of which was never done by any man in ancient or in later times. The self-love of Ferdinand of Spain was offended at owing to 1492. possibility of success, he gave a New World to Castile and Leon, the like of which was never done by any man in ancient or in later times. The self-love of Ferdinand of Spain was offended at owing to a foreigner benefits too vast for requital; and the contemporaries of the great mariner persecuted the merit which they could not adequately reward. Nor had posterity been mindful to gather into a finished picture the memorials of his career, till the genius of Irving, with candor, liberality, and original research, made a record of his life, and in mild but enduring colors sketched his sublime inflexibility of purpose, the solemn trances of his mystic devotion, and the unfailing greatness of h
1542 AD (search for this): chapter 5
aces this event in 1545, without reason. but no considerable advances in geographical knowledge appear to have been made. The winter passed in sullenness and gloom. In June of the following year, he and his 1542 ships stole away and returned to France, just as Roberval arrived with a considerable reinforcement. Unsustained by Cartier, Roberval accomplished no more than a verification of previous discoveries. Remaining about a year in America, he abandoned his immense viceroy- Chap. I.} 1542. alty. Estates in Picardy were better than titles in Norimbega. His subjects must have been a sad company; during the winter, one was hanged for theft; several were put in irons; and divers persons, as well women as men, were whipped. By these means quiet was preserved. Perhaps the expedition on its return entered the Bay of Massachusetts; the French diplomatists always remembered, that Boston was built within the original limits of New France. The commission of Roberval was followed b
1536 AD (search for this): chapter 5
t the approach of spring, a cross was solemnly erected upon land, and on it a shield was suspended, which bore the arms of France, and an inscription, declaring Francis to be the rightful king of these new-found regions. Having thus claimed pos- 1536 July 6. session of the territory, the Breton mariner once more regained St. Malo. The description which Cartier gave of the country 1536 to 1540 bordering on the St. Lawrence, furnished arguments Charlevoix, N. F. i. 20. against attempting 1536 to 1540 bordering on the St. Lawrence, furnished arguments Charlevoix, N. F. i. 20. against attempting a colony. The intense severity of the climate terrified even the inhabitants of the north Chap. I.} 1540. of France; and no mines of silver and gold, no veins abounding in diamonds and precious stones, had been promised by the faithful narrative of the voyage. Three or four years, therefore, elapsed, before plans of colonization were renewed. Yet imagination did not fail to anticipate the establishment of a state upon the fertile banks of a river, which surpassed all the streams of Europe i
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