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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Commerce of the United States. (search)
a in 1800, $2.34 in 1830, $3.76 in 1850, $6.01 in 1860, $8.14 in 1870, $10.26 in 1880, $11.84 in 1890, and $13.27 in 1899. What has caused this wonderful increase the railroads had increased to 139,860 miles and commerce to $10,663,000,000; by 1880, the railroads had increased to 224,900 miles and commerce to $14,761,000,000; b00; by 1870, steam tonnage was 3,040,000, and sail had dropped to 13,000,000; by 1880, steam had become 5,880,000, and sail 14,400,000; by 1890, steam had reached 9,04,026,000 tons in 1800, to 10,482,000 in 1840; 21,730,000 in 1860; 37,900,000 in 1880; 48,800,000 in 1890; and 63,225,000 in 1898-99, of which last enormous total butle by 1860 the total had reached nearly 100,000 miles, by 1870 280,000 miles, by 1880 440,000 miles, by 1890 768,000 miles, and by 1900 1,000,000 miles. Submarine cabe. By 1870 the submarine cables in operation amounted to about 15,000 miles, by 1880 to about 50,000 miles, by 1890 to 132,000 miles, and by 1898 to 170,000 miles, t
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Conkling, Roscoe 1829-1888 (search)
t till 1881. During his service in the Senate he was active in the promotion of the reconstruction measures and in opposition to President Johnson's policy; was influential in securing the passage of the Civil rights bill (q. v.) over President Johnson's veto; and was notably conspicuous in his support of President Grant. Senator Conkling was a member of the judiciary committee during the entire course of his senatorial career. He was a strong advocate of a third term for President Grant in 1880, and after the election of James A. Garfield, when an influential federal appointment was made in New York City, Senator Conkling and his associate, Senator Platt, claiming that they should have been consulted concerning such an appointment in their State, resigned. At the ensuing session of the State legislature, the two ex-Senators failed to secure re-election, and Mr. Conkling retired to the practice of law in New York City. He was offered by President Arthur a seat on the bench of the U
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Corbin, Henry Clark 1842- (search)
Corbin, Henry Clark 1842- Military officer; born in Clermont county, O., Sept. 15, 1842; received an academic education, and studied law. In 1862 he joined the National army as a second lieutenant in the 79th Ohio Volunteers; served through the remainder of the war; and was then appointed to the regular army. He was with President Garfield when the latter was shot, and also present at his bedside when he died. In 1880 he was promoted major and assistant adjutant-general; in 1898, adjutant-general; and in June, 1900, major-general, being the first adjutantgeneral of the regular army to reach that rank.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Corrigan, Michael Augustine 1839- (search)
Corrigan, Michael Augustine 1839- Clergyman; born in Newark, N. J., Aug. 13, 1839; graduated at Mount St. Mary's College, Emmitsburg, Md., in 1859; Professor of Dogmatic Theology and Sacred Scripture in Seton Hall College, Orange, N. J., in 1864-68; president of the same in 1868-73; became bishop of Newark, N. J., in 1873; coadjutor to Cardinal McCloskey of New York in 1880; and archbishop of New York in 1885.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Crittenden, George Bibb 1812-1880 (search)
Crittenden, George Bibb 1812-1880 Military officer; born in Russellville, Ky., March 20, 1812; graduated at West Point in 1832. He resigned the next year, served in the war against Mexico (1846-48) under General Scott, joined the Confederates, and became a major-general and, with Zollicoffer, was defeated in the battle at Mill Spring, in January, 1862. He was a son of John J. Crittenden. He died in Danville, Ky., Nov. 27, 1880.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Curry, Daniel -1887 (search)
Curry, Daniel -1887 Clergyman; born near Peekskill, N. Y., Nov. 26, 1809; graduated at Wesleyan College in 1837; accepted a professorship at the female college of Macon, Ga., in 1839; was ordained in the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1841, and held several charges in Georgia. When the denomination was divided into the Northern and Southern branches he settled in New York State, where he filled a number of important appointments. He was editor of the Christian advocate in 1864-76; the National repository in 1876-80; and the Methodist review in 1884-87. His publications include New York: a Historical sketch; Platform papers; Lifestory of Bishop D. W. Clark, etc. He died in New York City, Aug. 17, 1887.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Curtin, Andrew Gregg 1817-1894 (search)
Curtin, Andrew Gregg 1817-1894 War governor; born in Bellefonte, Pa., April 22, 1817; was an active lawyer and politician, and governor of his native State when the Civil War broke out. He had been secretary of state from 1855 to 1858, and superintendent of common schools in 1860. Andrew Gregg Curtin. He was re-elected governor in 1863; was minister to Russia in 1869-72, and Democratic Congressman in 1880-86. He died in Bellefonte, Oct. 7, 1894.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Debs, Eugene Victor, 1855- (search)
Debs, Eugene Victor, 1855- Labor leader; born in Terre Haute, Ind., Nov. 5, 1855; educated in the common schools; city clerk of Terre Haute in 1879-83; member of the Indiana legislature in 1885; served as grand secretary and treasurer of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen in 1880-93; president of the American Railway Union in 1893-97; and in June of the latter year was made chairman of the national council of the Social Democracy of America, a society founded for political and industrial co-operation. When president of the American Railway Union he conducted a notable strike on the Great Northern Railway, and in 1894 directed the great strike on the Western railroads, for which he was charged with conspiracy, but was acquitted, and subsequently, in 1895, served a sentence of six months imprisonment for contempt of court in violating its injunction. In 1896 he lectured on The relations of the Church to labor, and in 1900 was the candidate of the Social Democratic National part
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Democratic party. (search)
prominence of slavery the Democrats at first profited, while the Whigs disappeared. In the Civil War many war Democrats acted temporarily with the Republicans. McClellan, though defeated, received a large popular vote in 1864. Seymour in 1868, Greeley in 1872 were defeated. In 1876 the Democrats came near success (see electoral commission; Hayes, Rutherford Birchard; Tilden, Samuel Jones). The House was now frequently Democratic, but the Presidency was again taken by their competitors in 1880. In 1884 they succeeded in a close campaign. The two wings of the party, revenue reform and protectionist, long refused to work together. Under the leadership of Morrison, Carlisle, and Cleveland, tariff reform became the dominating issue. Defeated in 1888, the Democrats gained a sweeping victory in 1890, and in 1892 regained control of all departments, only to lose all again in 1896, when the party allowed itself to be diverted from its original principles by the Populists and silver m
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Dow, Neal, 1804-1897 (search)
Dow, Neal, 1804-1897 Reformer; born in Portland, Me., March 20, 1804. From the time he was a boy he was noted for his zeal in the temperance cause, and was one of the founders of the Prohibition party. In 1851 he drafted the famous prohibitory law of Maine, and was elected governor of the State the same year. In the Civil War he was commissioned colonel of the 13th Maine Volunteers; was promoted to brigadier-general; and was a prisoner of war at Mobile and in Libby prison. In 1880 he was the candidate of the Prohibition party for President, and in 1894 temperance organizations throughout the world observed his ninetieth birthday. He died in Portland, Me., Oct. 2, 1897.
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