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Puritan (New Mexico, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
and, as a consequence, equalling the white man in the sagacity of the senses, and in judgments resting on them, he is inferior in reason and the moral qualities. Nor is this inferiority simply attached to the individual; it is connected with organization, and is the characteristic of the race. This is the inference from history. Benevolence has, every where in our land, exerted itself to amelio rate the condition of the Indian,—above all, to educate the young. Jesuit, Franciscan, and Puritan, the Church of England, the Moravian, the benevolent founders of schools, academies, and colleges, all have endeavored to change the habits of the rising generation among the Indians; and the results, in every instance, vary- Chap XXII} ing in the degree of influence exerted by the missionaary, have varied in little else. Woman, too, with her gentleness, and the winning enthusiasm of her selfsacrificing benevolence, has attempted their instruction, and has attempted it in vain. St. Mary
West Virginia (West Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
heir own family, the one dwelling on the south-eastern banks of Lake Erie, the other on the head waters of the Ohio; they had triumphantly invaded the tribes of the west as far as Illinois; their warriors had reached the soil of Kentucky and Western Virginia; and England, to whose alliance they steadily inclined, availed itself of their treaties for the cession of territories, to encroach even on the empire of France in America. Nor had the labors of the Jesuit missionaries been fruitless. Tey would hang on the skirts of their enemy, waiting the moment for striking a blow. From the heart of the Five Nations, two young warriors would thread the wilderness of the south; would go through the glades of Pennsylvania, the valleys of Western Virginia, and steal within the mountain fastnesses of the Cherokees. There they would hide themselves in the clefts of rocks, and change their places of concealment, till, provided with scalps enough to astonish their village, they would bound over
La Salle, Ill. (Illinois, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
nd perhaps even with some increase of numbers. The country bounded on the Ohio at the north, on the Mississippi at the west, on the east by a line drawn from the bend in the Cumberland River to the Muscle Shoals of the Tennessee, and extending at the south into the territory of the state of Mississippi, was the land of the cheerful, brave Chickasas, the faithful, the invincible allies of the English. Marquette found them already in possession of guns, obtained probably through Virginia; La Salle built Fort Prudhomme on one of their bluffs; but their chosen abodes were on the upland country, which gives birth to the Yazoo Bossu i. 309 and the Tombecbee, the finest and most fruitful on the continent,—where the grass is verdant in midwinter; Chap XXII.} the blue-bird and the robin are heard in February; the springs of pure water gurgle up through the white sands, to flow through natural bowers of evergreen holly; and, if the earth be but carelessly gashed to receive the kernel of m
Lake Ontario (search for this): chapter 4
e Erie, the other on the head waters of the Ohio; they had triumphantly invaded the tribes of the west as far as Illinois; their warriors had reached the soil of Kentucky and Western Virginia; and England, to whose alliance they steadily inclined, availed itself of their treaties for the cession of territories, to encroach even on the empire of France in America. Nor had the labors of the Jesuit missionaries been fruitless. The few families of the Iroquois who migrated to the north of Lake Ontario, and raised their huts round Fort Frontenac, remained in amity with the French; and two villages of Iroquois converts, the Cahnewagas of New England writers, were established near Montreal, a barrier against their heathen countrymen and against New York. The Huron tribes of the north were environed by Algonquins. At the south, the Chowan, the Meherrin, the Nottoway, villages of the Wyandot family, have left their names to the rivers along which they dwelt; and the Tuscaroras, kindred
Massachusetts (Massachusetts, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
territory would appear densely peopled where, in every few days, a wigwam could be encountered. Vermont, and North-western Massachusetts, and much of New Hampshire, were solitudes; Ohio, a part of Indiana, the largest part of Michigan, remained operb having a nominative singular and an accusative plural, a plural termination is often affixed. The verb, Eliot's Massachusetts Grammar. says Eliot, is thus changed to an adnoun. Again: if with a verb which is qualified by an adverb, the idea ostructions of the Jesuits, they learned to swing censers, and to chant aves. Gathering round Eliot, in Chap XXII.} Massachusetts, the tawny choir sang the psalms of David, in Indian, to one of the ordinary English Wilson. tunes, melodiously; andest. The condition of the little Indian communities, that are enclosed within the European settlements in Canada, in Massachusetts, in Carolina, is hardly cheering to the philanthropist. In New Hampshire, and elsewhere, schools for Indian children
United States (United States) (search for this): chapter 4
Lafitau 68, 69 least, that there was a nation of men with the head not rising above the shoulders. Yet the first aspect of the original inhabitants of the United States was uniform. Between the Indians of Charlevoix i. 29 Florida and Canada, the difference was scarcely per ceptible. Their manners and institutions, as well r of the day; and the distinctions of time are noted, not in numbers, but in words that breathe the grace and poetry of nature. The aboriginal tribes of the United States depended for food on the chase, the fisheries, and agriculture. They kept no herds; they never were shepherds. The bison is difficult to tame, and its femalee barbarians, Schoolcraft. the character of the drawing suggests its Algonquin origin. Scandinavians may have reached the shores of Labrador; the soil of the United States has not one vestige of their presence. An ingenious writer on the maritime history of the De Guignes Acad. des Inscrip. t. XXVIII. Chinese, finds traces
Huron, Ind. (Indiana, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
III. The nations which spoke dialects of the Hu-Ron-Iroquois, or, as it has also been called, of the Wyandot, were, on the discovery of America, found powerful in numbers, and diffused over a wide terriory. The peninsula enclosed between Lakes Huron. Erie, and Ontario, had been the dwelling-place of the Chap. XXII.} five confederated tribes of the Hurons. After their defeat by the Five Nations, a part descended the St. Lawrence, and their progeny may still be seen near Quebec; a part werir huts round Fort Frontenac, remained in amity with the French; and two villages of Iroquois converts, the Cahnewagas of New England writers, were established near Montreal, a barrier against their heathen countrymen and against New York. The Huron tribes of the north were environed by Algonquins. At the south, the Chowan, the Meherrin, the Nottoway, villages of the Wyandot family, have left their names to the rivers along which they dwelt; and the Tuscaroras, kindred with the Five Nations
Mohawk (New York, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
heathen countrymen and against New York. The Huron tribes of the north were environed by Algonquins. At the south, the Chowan, the Meherrin, the Nottoway, villages of the Wyandot family, have left their names to the rivers along which they dwelt; and the Tuscaroras, kindred with the Five Nations, were the most powerful tribe in North Carolina. In 1708, its fifteen towns still occupied the upper country on the Neuse and the Tar, and could count twelve hundred warriors, as brave as their Mohawk brothers. IV. South of the Tuscaroras, the midlands of Carolina sheltered the Catawbas. Its villages included the Woccons and the nation spoke a language of its own: that language is now almost extinct, being Chap. XXII.} known only to less than one hundred persons, who linger on the banks of a branch of the Santee. Imagination never assigned to the Catawbas, in their proudest days, more than twelve hundred and fifty warriors; Adair. Ramsay the oldest enumeration was made in 1743, a
Kaskaskia (Illinois, United States) (search for this): chapter 4
aginaw, and took possession of the whole north of the peninsula as of a derelict country; yet the Miamis occupied its southern moiety, and their principal mission was founded by Allouez on the banks of the St. Joseph, within the present state of Michigan. The Illinois were kindred to the Miamis, and their country lay between the Wabash, the Ohio, and the Mississippi. Marquette found a village of them on the Des Moines, but its occupants soon withdrew to the east of the Mississippi; and Kaskaskia, Cahokia, Peoria, still preserve the names of the principal bands, of which the original strength has been greatly exaggerated. The vague tales of a considerable population vanished before the accurate observation of the missionaries, who found in the wide wilderness of Illinois Marest Compare Hennepin, Tonti Joutel scarcely three or four villages. On the discovery of America, the number of the scattered tenants of the territory which now forms the states of Ohio and Michigan, of Indian
Cambria (United Kingdom) (search for this): chapter 4
on the west, between the latitude of forty degrees and the Esquimaux, there were at least four or five. The Californians derived Ribas, <*> i. c. VI and l. III c. III. their ancestors from the north; the Aztecks preserve a narrative of their northern origin, which their choice of residence in a mountain region confirmed. At the north, the continents of Asia and America nearly meet. In the latitude of sixty-five degrees fifty minutes, a line across Behring's Straits, from Cape Prince of Wales to Cape Tschowkotskoy, would meas- Beechey's Voyage to Behring's Straits. ure a fraction less than forty-four geographical miles; and three small islands divide the distance. But within the latitude of fifty-five degrees, the Aleutian Isles stretch from the great promontory of Alaska so far to the west, that the last of the archipelago is but three hundred and sixty geographical miles from the east of Kamschatka; and that distance is so divided by the Mednoi Island and the group of Behri
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