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The Seventeenth Book of Diodorus: in Two Parts
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After
his defeat in the battle near Arbela, Dareius directed his course to the upper satrapies,
seeking by putting distance between himself and Alexander to gain a respite and time enough to
organize an army. He made his way first to Ecbatana in Media and paused there, picking up the
stragglers from the battle and rearming those who had lost their weapons.1
[2]
He sent around to the neighbouring tribes demanding soldiers,
and he posted couriers to the satraps and generals in Bactria and the upper satrapies, calling
upon them to preserve their loyalty to him.
[3]
After the battle, Alexander buried his dead and entered Arbela,2 finding there abundant stores of food, no
little barbaric dress and treasure, and three thousand talents of silver.3
Judging that the air of the region would be polluted by the multitude of unburied corpses,4 he continued
his advance immediately and arrived with his whole army at Babylon.
[4]
Here the people received him gladly, and furnishing them billets feasted the
Macedonians lavishly.5 Alexander refreshed his army from its previous labours and
remained more than thirty days in the city because food was plentiful and the population
friendly.
[5]
At this time he
designated Agathon of Pydna6 to guard the citadel, assigning to him seven hundred Macedonian
soldiers. He appointed Apollodorus of Amphipolis and Menes of Pella as military governors of
Babylon and the other satrapies as far as Cilicia, giving them one thousand talents of silver
with instructions to enlist as many soldiers as possible.7
[6]
He assigned Armenia as a province to Mithrines, who had
surrendered to him the citadel of Sardes.8 From the
money which was captured he distributed to each of the cavalrymen six minas, to each of the
allied cavalrymen five, and to the Macedonians of the phalanx two, and he gave to all the
mercenaries two months' pay.9
1 Arrian. 3.16.1. Dareius reached Ecbatana from the north. That city is at the Persian end of the best route from Mesopotamia up to the Iranian plateau, however, and so was on the straggler line taken by many of the survivors of the battle.
2 Curtius 5.1.10; Arrian. 3.15.5.
3 Curtius 5.1.10 reports 4000 talents.
5 Curtius 5.1.36-39 gives a lurid description of this entertainment, which he regarded as debauching the army.
7 Arrian. 3.16.4. Some of these administrative arrangements may have been made at Susa (Arrian. 3.16.6-11.
8 Curtius 5.1.44; Arrian. 3.16.5. Armenia had not been and was not to be conquered at this time, and Mithrines did not enter upon his governorship (Berve, Alexanderreich, 2, no. 524).
9 Curtius 5.1.45. A mina contained one hundred drachmae, and was one-sixtieth of a talent. The pay of Alexander's army is unknown, but that of a cavalryman must have been at least two drachmae a day. IG, 2（2）. 329 shows that an Athenian hypaspist serving in the League troops with Alexander received a drachma a day from the city. Cp. W. Rüstow, H. Köchly, Geschichte der griechischen Kriegskunst (1852), 262 f.; Berve, Alexanderreich, 1.193-196.
Diodorus Siculus. Diodorus of Sicily in Twelve Volumes with an English Translation by C. H. Oldfather. Vol. 4-8. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989.
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References (14 total)
- Cross-references to this page
(1):
- Smith's Bio, Menes
- Cross-references in notes from this page
(11):
- Arrian, Anabasis, 3.15.5
- Arrian, Anabasis, 3.16.1
- Arrian, Anabasis, 3.16.4
- Arrian, Anabasis, 3.16.5
- Arrian, Anabasis, 3.16.6
- Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 5.1.10
- Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 5.1.11
- Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 5.1.36
- Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 5.1.43
- Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 5.1.44
- Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 5.1.45
- Cross-references in general dictionaries to this page
(2):
- LSJ, ἐπιβάλλω
- LSJ, μισθοφορ-ά
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