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PROPOSITION 22.

If there be any number of magnitudes whatever, and others equal to them in multitude, which taken two and two together are in the same ratio, they will also be in the same ratio ex aequali.

Let there be any number of magnitudes A, B, C, and others D, E, F equal to them in multitude, which taken two and two together are in the same ratio, so that,

as A is to B, so is D to E,
and, as B is to C, so is E to F; I say that they will also be in the same ratio ex aequali,
<that is, as A is to C, so is D to F>.

For of A, D let equimultiples G, H be taken, and of B, E other, chance, equimultiples K, L; and, further, of C, F other, chance, equimultiples M, N.

Then, since, as A is to B, so is D to E, and of A, D equimultiples G, H have been taken, and of B, E other, chance, equimultiples K, L,

therefore, as G is to K, so is H to L. [V. 4]

For the same reason also,

as K is to M, so is L to N.

Since, then, there are three magnitudes G, K, M, and others H, L, N equal to them in multitude, which taken two and two together are in the same ratio, therefore, ex aequali, if G is in excess of M, H is also in excess of N; if equal, equal; and if less, less. [V. 20]

And G, H are equimultiples of A, D,

and M, N other, chance, equimultiples of C, F.

Therefore, as A is to C, so is D to F. [V. Def. 5]

Therefore etc. Q. E. D.

Euclid. Euclid's Elements. Sir Thomas Little Heath. New York. Dover. 1956.

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