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543. The particles postquam ( posteāquam ), ubi , ut ( ut prīmum , ut semel ), simul atque ( simul ac , or simul alone), take the Indicative (usually in the perfect or the historical present):—
    mīlitēs postquam victōriam adeptī sunt, nihil reliquī victīs fēcēre (Sall. Cat. 11), when the soldiers had won the victory, they left nothing to the vanquished.
  1. posteāquam forum attigistī, nihil fēcistī nisi, etc. (Fam. 15.16.3) , since you came to the forum, you have done nothing except, etc.
  2. ubi omnīs idem sentīre intellēxit, posterum diem pūgnae cōnstituit (B. G. 3.23) , when he understood that all agreed (thought the same thing), he appointed the next day for the battle.
  3. Catilīna, ubi eōs convēnisse videt, sēcēdit (Sall. Cat. 20), when Catiline sees that they have come together, he retires.
  4. Pompêius ut equitātum suum pulsum vīdit, aciē excessit (B. C. 3.94) , when Pompey saw his cavalry beaten, he left the field.
  5. ut semel ē Pīraeeō ēloquentia ēvecta est (Brut. 51) , as soon as eloquence had set sail from the Pirœus.
  6. nostrī simul in āridō cōnstitērunt, in hostīs impetum fēcērunt (B. G. 4.26) , our men, as soon as they had taken a position on dry ground, made an attack on the enemy.
  7. simul atque intrōductus est, rem cōnfēcit (Clu. 40) , as soon as he was brought in, he did the job.

a. These particles less commonly take the Imperfect or Pluperfect Indicative. The Imperfect denotes a past state of things; the Pluperfect, an action completed in past time:—

  1. postquam strūctī utrimque stābant, ducēs in medium prōcēdunt (Liv. 1.23) , when they stood in array on both sides, the generals advance into the midst.
  2. P. Āfricānus posteāquam bis cōnsul et cēnsor fuerat (Caecil. 69) , when Africanus had been (i.e. had the dignity of having been) twice consul and censor.
  3. postquam id difficilius vīsum est, neque facultās perficiendī dabātur, ad Pompêium trānsiērunt (B. C. 3.60) , when this seemed too hard, and no means of effecting it were given, they passed over to Pompey.
  4. post diem quīntum quam iterum barbarī male pūgnāverant [= victī sunt], lēgātī ā Bocchō veniunt (Iug. 102) , the fifth day after the barbarians were beaten the second time, envoys come from Bocchus.
  5. haec iuventūtem, ubi familiārēs opēs dēfēcerant, ad facinora incendēbant (Sall. Cat. 13), when their inherited resources had given out, etc.
  6. ubi perīcula virtūte prōpulerant (id. 6), when they had dispelled the dangers by their valor.

For the use of ubi , ut , either alone or compounded with -cumque as Indefinite Relatives, see § 542.

hide References (2 total)
  • Commentary references to this page (2):
    • J. B. Greenough, Benjamin L. D'Ooge, M. Grant Daniell, Commentary on Caesar's Gallic War, AG BG 1.5
    • J. B. Greenough, Benjamin L. D'Ooge, M. Grant Daniell, Commentary on Caesar's Gallic War, AG BG 2.5
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