GENERAL RULES FOR THE ACCENT OF NOUNS
[*] 205. Substantives and adjectives accent, in the oblique cases, the same syllable as is accented in the nominative, provided the ultima permits (
163); otherwise the following syllable receives the accent.
1 decl.
θάλαττα, θαλάττης, θαλάττῃ, θάλατταν, θάλατται (
169),
θαλάτταις, θαλάττα_ς.
2 decl.
ἄνθρωπος, ἀνθρώπου, ἀνθρώπῳ, ἄνθρωπον, ἄνθρωποι (
169),
ἀνθρώπων, ἀνθρώποις, ἀνθρώπους.
3 decl.
λέων, λέοντος, λέοντι, λέοντα, λέοντες, λεόντων.
Adj.:
ἄξιος (
287),
ἀξία_, ἄξιον, ἀξίου, ἀξία_ς, ἀξίῳ, ἀξίᾳ, ἀξίων, ἀξίοις. χαρίεις (
299),
χαρίεντος, χαρίεντι, χαρίεντα, χαριέντων.
[*] 206. The character of the accent depends on the general laws (
167,
168,
176). Thus,
νί_κη, ϝῖκαι (
169);
δῶρον, δώρου, δῶρα; σῶμα, σώματος, σωμάτων, σώματα.
[*] 207. Oxytones of the first and second declensions are perispomena in the genitive and dative of all numbers:
σκιά_, σκιᾶς, σκιᾷ, σκιῶν, σκιαῖς; θεός, θεοῦ, θεῷ, θεῶν, θεοῖς; φανερός, φανεροῦ, φανερῷ, φανερῶν, φανεροῖς.
[*] 208. The genitive plural of all substantives of the first declension has the circumflex on the
ω of
-ων. Thus,
νί_κη νι_κῶν; θάλαττα θαλαττῶν; πολί_της πολι_τῶν; νεα_νία_ς νεα_νιῶν.
[*] 209. The fem. gen. plural of adjectives and participles in
-ος has the same accent and form as the masculine and neuter. Thus,
δίκαιος, gen. pl.
δικαίων (in all genders);
λυόμενος, gen. pl.
λυομένων (in all genders).
[*] 210. CASE ENDINGS OF NOUNS
| VOWEL DECLENSION | | CONSONANT DECLENSION |
| | | SINGULAR |
| Masc. and Fem. | | Neuter | Masc. and Fem. | | Neuter |
| Nom. | -ς or none | | -ν | -ς or none | | none |
| Gen. | | -ς or -ιο | | | -ος |
| Dat. | | -ι | | | -ι |
| Acc. | | -ν | | -ν or -α^ | | none |
| Voc. | none | | -ν | none or like Nom. | | none |
| | | DUAL |
| N. A. V. | | none | | | -ε |
| G. D. | | -ιν | | | -οιν |
| | | PLURAL |
| N. V. | -ι | | -α^ | -ες | | -α^ |
| Gen. | | -ων | | | -ων |
| Dat. | | -ις (-ισι） | | | -σι, -σσι, -εσσι |
| Acc. | -νς (-α_ς） | | -α^ | -νς, -α^ς | | -α^ |
a. The stem may undergo a change upon its union with the case ending, as in the genitive plural of the first declension (
213). Cp.
258,
264, 268, etc.
b. In the vowel declension,
-ι of the nominative plural is borrowed from the inflection of pronouns (
ἐκεῖνο-ι).
