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1723. Active and Reflexive.—Instead of the direct middle the active voice with the reflexive pronoun is usually employed; often of difficult and unnatural actions (especially with αὐτὸς ἑαυτόν, etc.).

““τὰ ὅπλα παρέδοσαν καὶ σφᾶς αὐτούςthey surrendered their arms and themselvesT. 4.38, ““μισθώσα_ς αὑτόνhiring himself outD. 19.29 (not μισθωσάμενος, which means hiring for himself), ““καταλέλυκε τὴν αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ δυναστεία_νhe himself has put an end to his own sovereigntyAes. 3.233, ““ἠτί_μωκεν ἑαυτόνhe has dishonoured himselfD. 21.103. But regularly ἀπάγχεσθαι hang oneself (1717).

a. The active and a reflexive pronoun in the gen. or dat. may be used for the simple middle when the reflexive notion is emphatic: ““καταλείπειν συγγράμματα ἑαυτῶνto leave behind them their written compositionsP. Phae. 257d.

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