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Οὐ γὰρ—a paradox: misery is identical with cowardice, since cowardice must involve misery. Therefore those who are prosperous must avoid cowardice (i.e. be ready to sacrifice their lives), whereas to those who are already miserable cowardice involves no addition to their misery. This decides the meaning of περιορᾶσθε above.

ἐναντία μεταβολὴ—‘the change from good to bad fortune.’

κινδυνεύεται—c. 35, 1.

ἐν οἷς—‘in whose case.’

μάλιστα— ‘in comparison with others,’ as often. Cf. c. 49, 1, and μᾶλλον ἑτέρων. τὰ διαφέροντα—‘the difference.’

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