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καλῶς i.e. as should have been expected, — in a becoming and honourable manner. ὅτι The second ὅιτ = ὡς after ἀποστέλλει, while the first =διότι with μεμφόμενος. αὐτοῖς the Peloponnesians. πράξειε the subject is Phrynichus, not Astyochus. αὐτὰ πράξειε, sc. betray the fleet. The suppressed protasis is ‘if they were willing.’ δι᾽ ἐκείνους sc. the Peloponnesians. More emphasis is required than αὐτοὺς would give. It was for their sakes and not his own that he had brought himself into danger. αὐτὸν διαφθαρῆναι ipsum: ‘rather than lose his own life.’ The antithesis of the pronoun is not ἐκείνους above, but lies in the sense implied, viz. τοῦτο καὶ ἄλλο πᾶν βλάψαι τὴν πόλιν μᾶλλον ἢ αὐτὸν διαφθαρῆναι ὑπὸ τῶν ἐχθίστων. The nominative αὐτὸς would be incorrect here, since αὐτὸν διαφθαρῆναι does not depend on the verb of saying, but is part of a clause dependent on ἀνεπίφθονον εἴη.
Commentary on Thucydides Book 8. T.G. Tucker. London. MacMillan & Company. 1892.
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