A.“θεέ” LXXDe.3.24, Ev.Matt. 27.46, PMag.Lond.121.529, etc.; but classical in compd. names, Ἀμφίθεε, Τιμόθεε:—God, the Deity, in general sense, both sg. and pl. (“εἰ καὶ ἐπὶ θεοὺς καὶ ἔτι μᾶλλον ἐπὶ θεὸν ἁρμόζει μεταφέρειν” Plot.6.8.1), θ. δὲ τὸ μὲν δώσει τὸ δ᾽ ἐάσει God will grant . . , Od.14.444; “οὐδέ κεν ἄλλως οὐδὲ θ. τεύξειε” 8.177, cf. 3.231, Il.13.730 (also “θεὸς Ζεύς” Od.4.236, 14.327); “θ. καὶ ἀγαθὴ τύχη” Pl.Lg.757e, cf. Timocl.3 D.; “σὺν θεῷ” Il.9.49, S.Aj.765, etc. (less freq. ξὺν τῷ θ. ib.383); σὺν θ. εἰρημ<*> νον Hdt.1.86, cf. 3.153; “σὺν θ. εἰπεῖν” Pl.Prt.317b: so in pl., “σύν γε θεοῖσιν” Il.24.430; “οὔ τοι ἄνευ θεοῦ” Od.2.372; οὐ θεῶν ἄτερ pi.P.5.76; “ἐκ θεόφι” Il.17.101; ὑπὲρ θεόν against his will, 17.327; “ἂν θ. θέλῃ” Alex. 231; “θ. θέλοντος” Men.Mon.671: in pl., “ἂν θεοὶ θέλωσιν” Alex.247; θεῶν συνεθελόντων, βουλομένων, X.Eq.Mag.9.8, Luc.Macr.29; “εἰ ὀρθῶς ἢ μή, θ. οἶδε” Pl.Phdr.266b, cf.R.517b, etc.; in oaths, “θ. ἴστω” S.OC522 (lyr.), etc.; “πρὸς θεῶν” Hdt.5.49, D.1.15, etc.: “τοὺς θεούς σοι” bless you! good heavens! for heaven's sake! M.Ant.7.17, Arr.Epict.2.19.15, al.; τὸν θ. σοι ib.3.7.19, al.: qualified by τις, Od.9.142, etc.; “οὐκ ἄνευ θεῶν τινος” A.Pers.164 (troch.), E.Ba.764; “κατὰ θεόν τινα” Id.IA411, Pl. Euthd.272e; “κατὰ θεόν πως εἰρημένα” Id.Lg.682a: doubled in poets, “θεὸν θεόν τις ἀγλαϊζέτω” B.3.21, cf. Diagor.1; “θεοὶ θεοὶ τῶν ἀδίκων μέλουσι” E.HF772, cf. Paus.Gr.Fr.203; θεοί (Cret. θιοί) as an opening formula in Inscrr. (sc. τύχην ἀγαθὴν διδοῖεν), Leg.Gort.1.1, IG 12.52, etc.: sg., θ. τύχη ib.5(2).1, etc.: in Prose also with the Art., “ὁ θ. πάντων ἂν εἴη αἴτιος” Pl.R.379c, cf. Lg.716c, etc.; τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θ., τὰ παρὰ τῶν θ., X.Mem.1.3.1, 2.6.8.
b. θεοί, opp. “ἄνδρες, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε” Il.1.544; “ὃν Ξάνθον καλέουσι θ., ἄνδρες δὲ Σκάμανδρον” 20.74: in Comparisons, “θεοῖσιν ἶσ᾽ ἔθελε φρονέειν” 5.440; “θεοῖς ἐναλίγκια μήδεα” Od.13.89; also in sg., “θεῷ ἐναλίγκιος αὐδήν” Il.19.250; “θεὸς ὥς” 5.78; “ὥς τε θεός” 3.381: prov., θεὸς πρὸς ἀνθρώπους, of an 'angel's visit', Herod.1.9.
c. of special divinities, νέρτεροι θ. A.Pers.622, S.Ant.602 (lyr.); ἐνέρτεροι θ. Il.15.225; οἱ κάτωθεν θ. S.Ant.1070; “θ. οὐράνιοι” h.Cer.55, A.Ag.90 (anap.); οἱ δώδεκα θ. Ar.Eq.235, X.Eq.Mag.3.2, IG22.30, etc.; μὰ τοὺς δώδεκα θ. Men.Sam.91; in dual, τὼ σιώ (Lacon.), of Castor and Pollux, ναὶ τὼ ς. X.An.6.6.34, HG4.4.10, Ar.Lys.81: so in Boeot., of Amphion and Zethus, νεὶ τὼ σιώ (leg. θιώ) Id.Ach.905.
d. ὁ θ., of natural phenomena, ὁ θ. ὕει (sc. Ζεύς) Hdt.2.13; “ὁ θ. ἐνέσκηψε βέλος” Id.4.79; ἔσεισεν ὁ θ. (sc. Ποσειδῶν) X.HG4.7.4; of the sun, Hdt.2.24, A.Pers. 502, E.Alc.722; δύνοντος τοῦ θ. App.BC4.79; the weather, τί δοκεῖ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ; Thphr.Char.25.2.
2. metaph., of abstract things, “τὸ δ᾽ εὐτυχεῖν τόδ᾽ ἐν βροτοῖς θεός τε καὶ θεοῦ πλέον” A.Ch.60; “ἡ φρόνησις ἁγαθὴ θ. μέγας” S.Fr.922; “θ. γὰρ καὶ τὸ γιγνώσκειν φίλους” E.Hel.<*>60; ὁ πλοῦτος τοῖς σοφοῖς θ. Id.Cyc.316; φθόνος κάκιστος θ. Hippothoon 2.
3. as title of rulers, θεῶν ἀδελφῶν (sc. Ptolemy Il and Arsinoe), Herod.1.30, etc.; “Πτολεμαῖος ὑπάρχων θεὸς ἐκ θεοῦ καὶ θεᾶς” OGI90.10(Rosetta, ii B.C.); “Ἀντίοχος ὅτῳ θεὸς ἐπώνυμον γίγνεται” App.Syr.65; θεὸς ἐκ θεοῦ, of Augustus, OGI655.2 (Egypt, 24 B.C.); “θ. ἡμῶν καὶ δεσπότης” IPE4.71 (Cherson., ii A.D.).
b. = Lat. Divus, Mon.Anc.Gr.10.4, Str.4.1.1, etc.; οἱ ἐν θεοῖς αὐτοκράτορες,= divi Imperatores, IG12(1).786 (Rhodes).
c. generally of the dead, “καὶ ζῶντός σου καὶ εἰς θεοὺς ἀπελθόντος” PPetr.2p.45 (iii B.C.); θεοῖς χθονίοις,= Lat. Dis Manibus, IG14.30,al.
4. one set in authority, judge, τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ θ., ἐνώπιον τοῦ θ., LXXEx.21.6, 22.8; θεοὺς οὐ κακολογήσεις ib.22.28(27).
II. θεός fem., goddess, “μήτε θήλεια θεός, μήτε τις ἄρσην” Il.8.7, cf. Hdt.2.35, al.; “τοῖς θεοῖς εὔχομαι πᾶσι καὶ πάσαις” D.18.1, cf. 141, Orac.ib.21.52; esp. at Athens, of Athena, Decr. ap. And.1.77, Pl.Ti.21a, etc.; ἁ Διὸς θεός, Ζηνὸς ἡ θ., S.Aj.401 (lyr.), 952 (ἡ Διὸς θεά ib.450); of other goddesses, “ποντία θεός” Pi.I. 8(7).36; ἡ νερτέρα θ.,= Περσεφόνη, S.OC1548, etc.; of Thetis, Pl. Ap.28c; of Niobe, S.El.150 (lyr.), Ant.834 (anap.): in dual, of Demeter and Persephone, “τὰ τοῖν θεοῖν ψηφίσματα” Ar.V.378 (lyr.); “οὐδ᾽ ἔδεισε τὼ θεώ” And.1.125; freq. in oaths, “νὴ τὼ θεώ” Ar.Lys.112; “μὰ τὼ θεώ” Id.Ec.155,532.
III. as Adj. in Comp. θεώτερος, divine, θύραι θ., opp. καταιβαταὶ ἀνθρώποισιν, Od.13.111; χορὸς θ. Call.Ap. 93, cf.Dian.249, D.P.257. (Derived by Hdt.2.52 fr. τίθημι （κόσμῳ θέντες τὰ πρήγματα), by Pl.Cra.397d fr. θεῖν. Etym. dub.) [In Ep. (twice in Hom.) and Trag. (E.Ba.47, 1347, al., not in Com.), as monosyll. by synizesis, “θεοί” Il.1.18, Thgn.142; “θεῶν” h.Cer.55, 259; “θεοῖς” Thgn.171; “θεοῖσιν” Od.14.251; “θεούς” h.Cer.325: even in nom. θεός before a vowel, E.Or.399 (cf. Pors. ad loc.), HF347; in Pi.P. 1.56 apptly. a short monosyll.]
