I.v. the foll.) [cupidus], access. form of cupiditas, desire, wish, longing, eagerness, in a good and (more usu.) in a bad sense (very freq. in the poets and histt., esp. in Sall.; twice in Quint., but in Cic. only as personified).
I. In gen.
A. In a good sense: cupido cepit miseram nunc me proloqui, etc. (transl. from Eurip. Med. 57: ἵμερος μ̓ ὑπῆλθε, etc.), Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63 (Trag. Rel. v. 291 Vahl.); cf.: “Romulum cupido cepit urbis condendae,” Liv. 1, 6, 3: “cupido eum ceperat in verticem montis ascendendi,” id. 40, 21, 2; and with inf.: “cupido incessit Aethiopiam invisere,” Curt. 4, 8, 3: “aquae,” Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 50; cf.: “laticum frugumque,” Lucr. 4, 1093: “gloriae,” Sall. C. 7, 3: “aeternitatis perpetuaeque famae,” Suet. Ner. 55: “lucis,” Quint. 6, prooem. § 13: “ placendi,” id. 10, 7, 17 al.—
2. Trop., of things: “res medii cuppedine victae,” overcome by their tendency to a centre, Lucr. 1, 1082.—
B. In a bad sense, desire, passion, lust, greed.
(α).
With gen.: “honorum caeca (with avarities),” Lucr. 3, 59; cf. “honoris,” Sall. C. 3, 5: “mala vitaï,” Lucr. 3, 1077: “immitis uvae (i. e. virginis immaturae),” Hor. C. 2, 5, 9: “praedae caeca,” Ov. M. 3, 620: “intempestiva concubitūs,” id. ib. 10, 689; cf. “Veneris,” id. ib. 14, 634 et saep.: “difficilia faciundi,” Sall. J. 93, 3: “ejus (oppidi) potiundi,” id. ib. 89, 6: “quarum (rerum) inmodica cupido inter mortales est,” Liv. 6, 35, 6: “populos ad cupidinem novae fortunae erigere,” id. 21, 19, 7.—In plur.: “malae dominationis cupidinibus flagrans,” Tac. A. 13, 2.—
(β).
Absol.: “homines cupidine caeci,” Lucr. 4, 1153; so id. 4, 1090: “cuppedinis acres curae,” id. 5, 45; Hor. C. 2, 16, 15 et saep.: “femineus,” Ov. M. 9, 734; cf. “muliebris,” Tac. A. 4, 39.—In plur., Hor. S. 1, 2, 111; 2, 7, 85; Tac. A. 3, 52: “eo provectas Romanorum cupidines, ut non corpora, ne senectam quidam aut virginitatem inpollutam relinquant,” id. ib. 14, 35.—
II. In partic.
A. The desire that springs from love, desire, love: “differor Cupidine ejus,” Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 29; cf.: “visae virginis,” Ov. M. 13, 906; Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 210; cf. id. Poen. 1, 1, 68. —In plur.: “me, Contactum nullis ante cupidinibus,” Prop. 1, 1, 2.—Hence,
2. Personified: Cŭpīdo , ĭnis, m., the god of love, Cupid, son of Venus, Cic. N. D. 3, 23, 58 sq.; Prop. 2, 14, 5 (3, 18, 21); Ov. M. 1, 453; 5, 366 et saep.; Hor. C. 1, 2, 34; 2, 8, 14 al.; “in the form CVPEDO,” Inscr. Orell. 1367.—In plur.: “mater saeva Cupidinum,” Hor. C. 1, 19, 1 Orell. ad loc.; 4, 1, 5 al.; cf. “of sculptured figures: exstant caelati scyphi ... Myos in eādem aede Silenos et Cupidines,” Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 155; 36, 5, 4, § 41. —Hence,
(β).
Cŭpīdĭnĕus , a, um, adj., of or belonging to Cupid (poet.): “tela,” Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 65: “sagittae,” id. R. Am. 157.—Transf., lovely, charming ( = formosus), Mart. 7, 87, 9.—
B. In animals, the sexual impulse: “equina,” Col. 6, 27, 3: “equi cupidine sollicitati,” id. 6, 27, 8.—
C. (Cf. cupidus, II. A. 2., and cupiditas, II. B. 1.) Avarice, covetousness: “Narcissum incusat cupidinis ac praedarum,” Tac. A. 12, 57; in plur., id. H. 1, 66.—*
2. Personified: “Cupido sordidus,” sordid Avarice, Hor. C. 2, 16, 15.
