I.by or past, and hence, also, beyond, or rest outside a thing.
I. Adv., past, by, beyond (cf. praeterquam), in the trop. sense; i. e.
A. Comparatively, before, beyond, above, more than (only ante-class.): “quae praeter sapiet quam placet parentibus,” Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 38: “quod mihi videre Facere, et praeter quam res te adhortatur tua,” Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 8.—
B. Exceptionally, except, excepting, unless, save (class. but rare): “etiam e Graecis ipsis diligenter cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum,” Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16: “ne quis praeter armatus violaretur,” Liv. 4, 59, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.: “diem statuit, ante quam liceret sine fraude ab armis discedere, praeter rerum capitalium damnatis,” Sall. C. 36, 2: “religionum usquequaque contemptor, praeter unius deae Syriae,” Suet. Ner. 56; id. Claud. 4 fin.: exsules, praeter caedis damnati, restituebantur, Just. 13, 5, 2: “praeter hodie,” Vulg. Gen. 21, 26: “nil praeter salices cassaque canna fuit,” Ov. F. 6, 406: “uti pueri in curiam ne introeant, praeter ille unus Papirius,” Gell. 1, 23, 13.—In connection with the particles si, quod, que: “praeter si aliter nequeas,” unless, Varr. R. R. 1, 41 fin.: “praeter quod epulis alienis voluptates meas anteferrem, etc.,” besides that, App. M. 2, p. 122: “montes in Arcadiā Cyllene, Lycaeus ... praeterque ignobiles octo,” and besides, and also, Plin. 4, 6, 10, § 21: “praeterque,” id. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 8, 42, 67, § 166; 9, 39, 64, § 138; 11, 4, 3, § 10. —For praeter quam and praeter propter, v. praeterquam and praeterpropter.—
II. Prep. with acc., past, by, before, in front of, along.
A. Lit., of place (rare but class.): “mustela murem mihi abstulit praeter pedes,” Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 7: “magni montes solem succedere praeter,” Lucr. 4, 139: “praeter castra Caesaris suas copias transduxit,” Caes. B. G. 1, 48: “servi ejus praeter oculos Lollii haec omnia ferebant,” before the eyes of, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62: “Ligures praeter oram Etrusci maris Neapolim transmisit,” Liv. 40, 41: “praeter radices montis lapsus amnis,” Plin. 6, 3, 4, § 10: “praeter ora suorum,” Tac. H. 4, 30: “tela volant ... Praeter utrumque latus praeterque et lumen et aures,” Ov. M. 5, 158: “praeter majorum cineres rapitur Lateranus,” Juv. 8, 146.—
B. Trop.
1. In gen., over, beyond; against, contrary to, aside from: “nihil praeter rem locuti sumus,” beside the matter, irrelevant, Auct. Her. 4, 1, 1: “praeter aetatem stultus,” Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 3: “praeter aequom delinquere,” id. Bacch. 3, 3, 14: “multa praeter spem evenisse,” id. Rud. 2, 3, 69; cf.: “quor sedebas in foro Tu solus praeter alios,” apart from, id. Ps. 3, 2, 13: “praeter naturam praeterque fatum,” Cic. Phil. 1, 4, 10: “praeter consuetudinem,” id. Div. 2, 28, 60: “cum lacus Albanus praeter modum crevisset,” id. ib. 1, 44, 100: “quod mihi videre praeter aetatem tuam Facere,” Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 7.—
2. In partic.
a. Comparatively, of that which goes beyond something else, beyond, above, more than; esp.: “praeter ceteros, alios, omnes, etc.: illud praeter alia mira miror,” Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 140: “praeter ceteros laborabis,” Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15, § 43; id. Sull. 3, 7: “quae me igitur res praeter ceteros impulit, ut, etc.,” id. Rosc. Am. 1, 2: “necesse est quod mihi consuli praecipuum fuit praeter alios, id jam privato cum ceteris esse commune,” id. Sull. 3, 9: “ut Argonautas praeter omnes candidum Medea mirata est ducem,” Hor. Epod. 3, 9; Ter. And. 1, 1, 31.—With neg.: “nonne ostendis te vereri, quod praeter ceteros tu metuere non debeas,” less than the rest, Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 145.—
b. Of that besides which there is something else in addition, besides, together with, in addition to: “ut praeter se denos ad colloquium adducerent,” Caes. B. G. 1, 43: “praeter imperatas pecunias,” id. B. C. 3, 32: “ut praeter auctoritatem vires quoque haberet,” id. ib. 3, 57: “praeter illud commodum, quod, etc., tum etiam, etc.,” Col. 4, 18.—
c. Exceptionally, besides, except: “nec nobis praeter me alius est servos,” Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 244: “hoc nemini praeter me videtur,” Cic. Att. 1, 1, 2: “omnibus sententiis praeter unam condemnatus est,” id. Clu. 20, 55: “neque vestitus, praeter pelles habeant,” Caes. B. G. 4, 1: “frumentum omne, praeter quod secum portaturi erant, comburunt,” id. ib. 1, 5: “nullas (litteras) acceperam praeter quae mihi binae redditae sunt, etc.,” Cic. Att. 5, 3, 2: “ex plurimis honoribus, praeter paucos non recepit,” Suet. Tib. 26.—
d. Praeter haec, for praeterea, besides that, besides, moreover (ante- and postclass.), Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 61; Cels. 2, 4.!*? In composition, praeter has the signification of past, by, and beyond, or besides; e. g. praeterducere, praetermittere, praeterea.
