[301]
[302] cf. 2.419.
[303] τοῖσι: const. with “μετὰ ἔειπεν”, cf. v. 96.
Δαρδανίδης: Priam was in the fifth generation from Dardanus, 20.215 ff. The line of descent was: Zeus, Dardanus, Erichthonius, Tros, Ilus, Laomedon, Priam. For the use of the patronymic, see § 21 m. 304 = v. 86.[305] ἠνεμόεσσαν: the epith. is well deserved acc. to Dr. Schliemann, who in his excavations at Hissarlik was much disturbed by the constant winds which drove the dust into the eyes of the workmen. He thinks that such continual wind-storms are known nowhere else on earth. ‘The winds blew about us with such force that we often felt as if our whole settlement might be hurled down the precipice.’
[306] ἄψ: const. with “εἶμι. — οὔ πω”: in no way. For “πώ” as “πώς”, see § 12 o.
τλήσομαι: cf. “τέτληκας Α 228. — ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν”: see on A 587. — Priam fears the death of his son, as v. 259. — Vergil imitates: non pug<*>am aspicere han<*> oculis, non foedera, possum Aen. xii. 151. 308 = “ξ 119. — Ζεὺς κτλ”.: “Zeus doubtless knows, but I do not.”[309] θανάτοιο τέλος: a periphrasis for “θάνατος”, cf. “τὼ δ̓ αὖθι τέλος θανάτοιο κάλυψεν Ε” 553, and distinguish “φάνη βιότοιο τελευτή Η” 104.
πεπρωμένον ἐστίν: equiv. to “πέπρωται Σ” 329, cf. “τετελεσμένος ἐστίν Α” 388.[310] ἄρνας θέτο: sc. in order to take back with him the two slaughtered lambs which he brought. The flesh of the victim sacrificed to confirm an oath was not eaten, since a c<*>rested upon it, but was buried. P<*> the Achaeans cast their victim i<*> the sea, being unable to bury it in their own land, cf. 19.267 f.
[311] f. = vs. 261 f.
ἔβαινε: for the impf., see on “ἀφίει Α” 25.[313] cf. “Ω” 330.
ἄψορροι: as 21.456, cf. “παλίνορσος” v. 33; elsewhere “ἄψορρον” is used adv., with sing. or pl. ἀπονέοντο: see on 2.113.[314] Vs. 314-382. The duel. Paris is rescued from death by Aphrodite, and carried to his home.
[315] διεμέτρεον: they measured off the ground for the combat, and the distance at which they were to have their spears, cf. v. 344. cf. campum ad certamen magnae sub moenibus urbis | dimensi Rutulique viri Teucrique parabant Verg. Aen. xii. 116 f.
316 = 23.861, cf. “κ 206. — κλήρους πάλλον”: “they arranged the casting of lots.” This is expressed more definitely in v. 324. The “κλῆροι” were bits of wood or stone, marked with some sign so as to be recognized, 7.175 ff. The prayer was offered while the lots were shaken.[317] πρόσθεν: before, first; cf. v. 346, B 359, “πρότερος” v. 351.
ἀφείη: opt. in indir. disc., representing the subjv. of deliberation in direct disc., cf. 1.191. 318 = 7.177. χεῖρας ἀνέσχον: equiv. to “χεῖρας ἀνασχόντες”, see § 3 t. For the attitude, cf. 1.450. 319 = v. 297. 320 = v. 276.[321] τάδε ἔργα: these troubles here, i.e. this war.
ἔθηκεν: caused, as 1.2. — This close of the verse is found also “γ 136, ω” 546. — Both armies seem to unite in wishing the death of Paris.[322] δός: for “δός” with the inf. in prayers, cf. v. 351, “δὸς δέ τέ μ̓ ἄνδρα ἑλεῖν Ε 118, Ζ 307. — ἀποφθίμενον δῦναι”: equiv. to “ἀποφθίσθαι καὶ δῦναι”. For the epic fulness of expression, see on 1.88.
Ἄϊδος: see on 1.3.[324] κορυθαίολος: see on B 816.
[325] ἄψ ὁρόων: with averted face, in order to escape the suspicion of favoring his brother.
Πάριος: see on v. 16. ἐκ ὄρουσεν: the lot was not drawn, but cast, thrown out. Cf. “ἐκ δ̓ ἔθορε” (leaped) “κλῆρος κυνέης Η 182, Ψ” 353.[326] οἱ μέν: Trojans and Achaeans, who had stood during the sacrifice. Perhaps they had not been seated before (see on v. 78, cf. vs. 84, 113 f., 231, 250, 267), although they long ago had dismounted from their chariots and laid their armor upon the ground.
κατὰ στίχας: according to ranks, in ranks. ἧχι: as 1.607.[327] ἔκειτο: grammatically and in sense, const. only with “τεύχεα”, although “κεῖμαι” often is the pass. of “τίθημι”. For the zeugma, see on “πρὸς δῶμα Α” 533, cf. “ὅθι τοῦ γε δόμοι καὶ κτήματ̓ ἔκειτο ξ” 291.
[328] ἀμφ̓ ὤμοισιν: standing expression in the case of the principal parts of the warrior's equipment: breastplate, sword (as v. 334), and shield.
ἐδύσετο: Paris had entered the conflict as a light-armed warrior, see on v. 17. 329 = “Η 355, Θ 82, Λ” 369, cf. 11.505. 330-338. cf. 11.17 ff., “Π 131-139, Τ” 369 ff. — The poet presents a picture of the preparations for battle. The complete armament of the Homeric warrior consisted in the six pieces here enumerated, which are always mentioned in the same order before an important conflict. κνημῖδας: see on 1.17.[331] καλάς: for the order of words, see § 1 n. — “ἐπισφυρίοις κτλ”.: furnished with buckles, by which they were fastened at the ankle.
[333] οἷο κασιγνήτοιο: since he himself had appeared without a cuirass.
Λυκάονος: Lyeaon had been captured by Achilles and sold as a slave to the king of Lemnos; being ransomed thence, he returned to Troy a week before the events narrated in this book; but twelve days after his return, he met Achilles again and was slain by him, 21.34 ff. ἥρμοσε δ̓ αὐτῷ: but he fitted it to himself; he changed the length of the straps, buckling it to suit his own form. 334 = 2.45. 335 = “Π 136. — χάλκεον”: prominence is given to an epith. of the whole sword, after the decoration of the hilt has been mentioned in “ἀργυρόηλον <*> Τ 373. — σάκος”: the strap which ded the arm in supporting the hea<*>y shield was thrown over the shoulder, see on 2.388. Thus the shield was taken up before the plumed helmet was donned. 336-338 = 15.480-482; cf. “χ 123125. — κυνέην”: originally a head-covering of dogskin, then helmet; cf. “κτιδέην” (weasel-skin) “κυνέην Κ 335, κυνέην ταυρείην Κ” 257 f.; old Laërtes wore “αἰγείην” (goat-skin) “κυνέην ω” 231. 337 = “Λ 42. — ἵππουριν”: cf. “ἱπποδασείης” v. 369, “ἱππόκομοι κόρυθες Ν 132, λόφον ἱππιοχαίτην Ζ 469, ἵππειον λόφον Ο” 537, aere <*>aput fulgens, cristaque hirsutus equina Verg. Aen. x. 869. δεινόν: cognate acc., adv. with “ἔνευεν”, cf. v. 342. 338 = Od. 17.4; cf. “Π 139. — παλάμηφιν”: here dat.; it is in the gen. v. 368; see § 15 a. ἀρήρειν: for the “ν”-movable, cf. “ἤσκειν” v. 388; see § 12 n.[339] ὣς δ̓ αὔτως: and thus in like manner; see § 24 j.
Μενέλαος: Menelaus came forth to battle equipped with armor (v. 29), but put it off as the rest did, v. 114. ἀρήιος: a short form of “ἀρηίφιλος”, see on v. 21. ἔντεα: equiv. to “τεύχεα”, chiefly of defensive armor. 340 = “Ψ 813. — ἑκάτερθεν ὁμίλου”: on either side of the throng. 341 = v. 266.