[
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Organization of the two governments.
The United States Government.
I. The Buchanan Administration. (1857-1861.)
President:
James Buchanan (Pa.)
Vice-President:
John C. Breckinridge * (
Ky.）
Department of State.
Secretary of State:
Lewis Cass (
Mich.)
Secretary of State:
Jeremiah S. Black (Pa.), appointed Dec. 17, 1860.
War Department
Secretary of War:
John B. Floyd * (
Va.）
Secretary of War:
Joseph Holt (Ky.) (
ad interim), Dec. 31, 1860; regularly appointed Jan. 18, 1861.
Navy Department.
Secretary of the Navy:
Isaac Toucey (
Conn.)
Treasury Department.
Secretary of the Treasury:
Howell Cobb* (
Georgia）
Secretary of the Treasury:
Philip F. Thomas (Md.), appointed Dec. 12, 1860
Secretary of the Treasury:
John A. Dix (N. Y.), appointed Jan. 11, 1861.
Justice Department.
Attorney-General:
Jeremiah S. Black
Attorney-General:
Edwin M. Stanton (Pa.), appointed Dec. 20, 1860.
Department of the Interior.
Secretary of the Interior:
Jacob Thompson* (
Miss.）
Post-office.
Postmaster-General:
Aaron V. Brown (Tenn.), died Mar. 8, 1859
Postmaster-General:
Joseph Holt (Ky.), appointed Mar. 14, 1859
Postmaster-General:
Horatio King (
Maine), appointed Feb. 12, 1861.
Ii.
The Lincoln Administration. (1861-1865.)
President:
Abraham Lincoln (Ill.)
Vice-President:
Hannibal Hamlin (
Maine).
Department of State.
Secretary of State:
William H. Seward (New York).
War Department.
Secretary of War:
Simon Cameron (Pa.)
Secretary of War:
Edwin M. Stanton (Pa.), appointed Jan. 15, 1862.
Navy Department.
Secretary of the Navy:
Gideon Welles (
Conn.)
Treasury Department.
Secretary of the Treasury:
Salmon P. Chase (
Ohio）
Secretary of the Treasury:
W. P. Fessenden (
Maine), appointed July 1, 1864
Secretary of the Treasury:
Hugh McCulloch (
Ind.), appointed March 7, 1865.
Interior Department.
Secretary of the Interior:
Caleb B. Smith (
Ind.)
Secretary of the Interior:
John P. Usher (
Ind.), appointed January 8, 1863.
Department of justice.
Attorney-General:
Edward Bates (Mo.)
Attorney-General: James Speed (Ky.), appointed Dec. 2, 1864.
Post-office.
Postmaster-General:
Montgomery Blair (Md.)
Postmaster-General:
William Dennison (
Ohio), appointed September 24, 1864.
The United States War Department.
Secretary of War:
Joseph Holt (appointed Jan. 18, 1861);
Simon Cameron (appointed March 5, 1861）
Secretary of War:
Edwin M. Stanton (appointed January 15, 1862).
Assistant secretaries of War:
Assistant Secretary of War:
Thomas A. Scott (appointed Aug. 3, 1861
Assistant Secretary of War:
Peter H. Watson (appointed Jan. 24, 1862）
Assistant Secretary of War:
John Tucker (appointed Jan. 29, 1862）
Assistant Secretary of War:
Christopher P. Wolcott (appointed June 12, 1862
Assistant Secretary of War: resigned Jan. 23, 1863）
Assistant Secretary of War:
Charles A. Dana (appointed August, 1863).
（
Colonel Scott was regularly commissioned under the act of August 3, 1861, authorizing the appointment of one
assistant secretary of war.
Subsequently three
assistant secretaries were authorized by law.)
Adjutant-General's Department
Colonel Samuel Cooper * (resigned March 7, 1861）
Brig.-Gen. Lorenzo Thomas (assigned to other duty March 23, 1863）
Colonel Edward D. Townsend.
Quartermaster's Department
Brig.-Gen. Joseph F. Johnston * (resigned April 22, 1861）
Brig.-Gen. Montgomery C. Meigs.
Subsistence Department
Colonel George Gibson (died Sept. 29, 1861）
Brig.-Gen. Joseph P. Taylor (died Jan. 29, 1864）
Brig.-Gen. Amos B. Eaton.
Medical Department
Colonel Thomas Lawson (died May 15, 1861）
Colonel Clement A. Finley (retired April 14, 1862）
Brig.-Gen. William A. Hammond
Brig.-Gen. Joseph K. Barnes (appointed Aug. 22, 1864).
Pay Department
Colonel Benjamin F. Larned (died Sept. 6, 1862）
Colonel Timothy P. Andrews (retired Nov. 29, 1864）
Brig.-Gen. Benjamin W. Brice.
Corps of Topographical Engineers
Colonel John J. Abert (retired Sept. 9, 1861）
Colonel Stephen H. Long. (This corps was consolidated with the Corps of Engineers, under act of March 3, 1863.)
Corps of Engineers
Brig.-Gen. Joseph G. Totten (died April 22, 1864）
Brig.-Gen. Richard Delafield.
Ordnance Department
Colonel Henry K. Craig (until April 23, 1861）
Brig.-Gen. James W. Ripley (retired Sept. 15, 1863）
Brig.-Gen. George D. Ramsay (retired Sept. 12, 1864）
Brig.-Gen. Alexander B. Dyer.
Bureau of military justice
Major John F. Lee (resigned Sept. 4, 1862）
Brig.-Gen. Joseph Holt.
Bureau of the provost Marshal General (created by act of March 3, 1863）
Brig.-Gen. James B. Fry.
General officers of the United States army, January 1, 1861
Brevet Lieut.-Gen. Winfield Scott (
General-in-chief）
Brig.-General John E. Wool
Brig.-General David E. Twiggs
Brig.-General William S. Harney.
(Note.-
E. V. Sumner was promoted
Brigadier-General March 16, 1861,
vice David E. Twiggs, dismissed March 1, 1861.)
* Afterward in the
Confederate service.
The United States Navy Department.
Secretary of the Navy:
Gideon Welles.
Assistant Secretary:
Gustavus V. Fox.
Yards and Docks:
Rear-Admiral Joseph Smith.
Ordnance and Hydrography
Captain George A. Magruder (dismissed April 22, 1861）
Captain Andrew A. Harwood (relieved July 22, 1862）
Rear-Admiral John A. Dahlgren (relieved June 24, 1863）
Commander Henry A. Wise.
(By act of Congress of July 5, 1862, “Hydrography” was transferred to the Bureau of Navigation.)
Navigation (established by act of July 5, 1862）
Rear-Admiral Charles A. Davis.
Equipment and recruiting (established by act of July 5, 1862）
Rear-Admiral Andrew H. Foote (relieved June 3, 1863）
Commander Albert N. Smith.
Construction, equipment, and repair.
Chief Naval Constructor John Lenthall.
(By act of July 5, 1862, the “Equipment and recruiting” Bureau was organized, and thereafter the old bureau was designated as “Construction and repair.” )
Provisions and clothing
Pay-Director Horatio Bridge.
Medicine and Surgery
Surgeon William Whelan.
Steam-engineering (established by act of July 5, 1862）
Engineer-in-Chief Benjamin F. Isherwood.
[
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President:
Jefferson Davis (
Miss.）
Vice-President:
Alexander H. Stephens (Ga.)
I. Provisional organization. (Feb. 8, 1861.)
Secretary of State:
Robert Toombs (Ga.), Feb. 21, 1861
Secretary of State:
R. M. T. Hunter, (
Va.) July 24, 1861.
Secretary of War:
Leroy P. Walker (Ala.), Feb. 21, 1861
Secretary of War:
Judah P. Benjamin (La.), Sept. 17, 1861.
Secretary of the Navy:
Stephen R. Mallory (Fla.), Feb. 25, 1861.
Secretary of the Treasury:
Charles G. Memminger (S. C.), Feb. 21, 1861.
Attorney-General:
Judah P. Benjamin, Feb. 25, 1861
Attorney-General:
Thomas Bragg, (
Ala.), Sept. 17, 1861.
Postmaster-General:
J. H. Reagan (
Texas), March 6, 1861.
Ii.
Reorganization. (Feb. 22, 1862, to April, 1865.)
Secretary of State:
R. M. T. Hunter, July 24, 1861
Secretary of State:
Judah P. Benjamin, March 17, 1862.
Secretary of War:
Judah P. Benjamin, Sept. 17, 1861
Secretary of War:
George W. Randolph, March 17, 1862
Secretary of War:
Gustavus W. Smith, acting, Nov. 17, 1862
Secretary of War:
James A. Seddon, Nov. 20, 1862
Secretary of War:
John C. Breckinridge, Jan. 28, 1865.
Secretary of the Navy :
Stephen R. Mallory.
Secretary of the Treasury:
C. G. Memminger
Secretary of the Treasury:
George A. Trenholm , June, 1864.
Attorney-General:
Thomas Bragg
Attorney-General:
Thomas H. Watts (Ala), March 17, 1862
Attorney-General:
George Davis (N. C.), 1864-5.
Postmaster-General:
John H. Reagan.
Secretary of War: (see above).
Assistant Secretary of War:
Albert T. Bledsoe (April 1, 1862）
Assistant Secretary of War:
John A. Campbell (October 20, 1862).
Adjt. And Insp.-General's Department
General Samuel Cooper.
Quartermaster-General's Department
Colonel Abram C. Myers (March 15, 1861）
Brig.-Gen. A. R. Lawton (Aug. 10, 1863).
Commissary-General's Department
Colonel Lucius B. Northrop (March 16, 1861）
Brig.-Gen. I. M. St. John (February 16, 1865）
Ordnance Department
Brig.-Gen. Josiah Gorgas.
Engineer Bureau
Maj.-Gen. Jeremy F. Gilmer.
Medical Department
Brig.-Gen. Samuel P. Moore.
Nitre and Mining Bureau
Brig.-Gen. I. M. St. John
Colonel Richard Morton (Feb. 16, 1865).
Conscription Bureau
Brig.-Gen. John S. Preston, Chief
Col. T. P. August, Supt.
Prison camps
Brig.-Gen. John H. Winder.
Exchange of prisoners
Col. Robert Ould,
Chief.
Commission of Patents
Commissioner of Patents Rufus R. Rhodes.
Governors of the States during the War.
Union States
Governor John G. Downey (1860-1）
Governor Leland Stanford (1861-3）
Governor Frederick F. Low (1863-8）
Governor William A. Buckingham (1858-66）
Governor William Burton (1859-63）
Governor William Cannon (1863-7）
Governor Richard Yates (1861-5）
Governor Oliver P. Morton (1861-7）
Governor Samuel J. Kirkwood (1860-4）
Governor William M. Stone (1864-8）
Governor Charles Robinson (1861-3）
Governor Thomas Carney (1863-5）
Governor Israel Washburn, Jr. (1861-3）
Governor Abner Coburn (1863-4）
Governor Samuel Cony (1864-7）
Governor John A. Andrew (1861-6）
Governor Austin Blair (1861-4）
Governor Henry H. Crapo (1865-9）
Governor Alexander Ramsey (1859-63）
Governor Stephen Miller (1863-6）
Nevada (State admitted 1864）
Governor Henry G. Blasdell (1864-71）
Governor Ichabod Goodwin (1859-61）
Governor Nathaniel S. Berry (1861-3）
Governor Joseph A. Gilmore (1863-5）
Governor Charles S. Olden (1860-3）
Governor Joel Parker (1863-6）
New York
Governor Edwin D. Morgan (1859-63）
Governor Horatio Seymour (1863-5）
Governor Reuben E. Fenton (1865-9）
Governor William Dennison (1860-2）
Governor David Tod (1862-4）
Governor John Brough (1864-5）
Governor John Whittaker (1859-62）
Governor Addison C. Gibbs (1862-6）
Governor Andrew G. Curtin (1861-7）
Governor William Sprague (1860-1）
Governor John R. Bartlett, acting (1861-2）
Governor William C. Cozzens, acting (1863）
Governor James Y. Smith (1863-5）
Governor Erastus Fairbanks (1860-1）
Governor Frederic Holbrook (1861-3）
Governor J. Gregory Smith (1863-5）
Provisional Governor Francis H. Peirpoint (1861-3）
Governor Arthur I. Boreman (1863-9）
Governor Alexander W. Randall (1857-61）
Governor Louis P. Harvey (1861-2）
Governor Edward Salomon (1862-3）
Governor James T. Lewis (1863-6).
Governor Andrew B. Moore (1857-61）
Governor John Gill Shorter (1861-3）
Governor Thomas H. Watts (1863-5）
Governor Henry M. Rector (1860-3）
Governor Harris Flanagin (1863-4）
Governor Isaac Murphy (1864-8）
Governor Madison S. Perry (1857-61）
Governor John Milton (1861-5）
Governor Joseph E. Brown (1857-65）
Governor Thomas O. Moore (1860-4）
Governor Henry W. Allen (1864-5）
Union military governors
Governor George F. Shepley (1862-4）
Governor Michael Hahn (1864-5）
Governor John J. Pettus (1860-2）
Governor Charles Clarke (1863）
Governor Jacob Thompson (1863-4）
Governor John W. Ellis (1859-61）
Governor H. T. Clark, acting (1861-2）
Governor Zebulon B. Vance (1862-5）
Governor Francis W. Pickens (1860-2）
Governor M. L. Bonham (1862-4）
Governor A. G. Magrath (1864-5）
Governor Isham G. Harris (1857-65）
Union military Governor
Governor Andrew Johnson, (1862-5）
Governor Samuel Houston (1859-61）
Governor Edward Clark, acting (1861）
Governor Francis R. Lubbock 1861-3）
Governor Pendleton Murrah (1863-5）
Governor John Letcher (1860-4）
Governor William Smith, (1864-5）
Border States
Governor Beriah Magoffin (1859-62）
Governor James F. Robinson (1862-3）
Governor Thomas E. Bramlette (1863-7）
Governor Thomas H. Hicks (1857-61）
Governor A. W. Bradford (1861-5）
Governor C. F. Jackson (1861）
Union
Governor H. R. Gamble (1861-4）
Governor T. C. Fletcher (1864-8)
N. B.-The Confederate Government of
Kentucky was provisional in its character.
George W. Johnson was elected Governor by the Russellville Convention in November, 1861.
He served until he was killed in action at the
battle of Shiloh.
Richard Hawes was elected by the Provisional Council of Kentucky to succeed him, and acted as the
Confederate Provisional Governor of
Kentucky from 1862 until the close of the war.-In
Missouri Thomas C. Reynolds was the
Confederate Governor from 1862 to 1865; but after 1861 a Confederate
Governor of
Missouri was little more than a name.-In
Tennessee,
Governor Harris being ineligible to a fourth term,
Robert L. Caruthers was elected Governor in August, 1863.
Tennessee and her capital being then occupied by the United States forces,
Mr. Caruthers was never inaugurated, and
Governor Harris held over under the law.
