Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 4.

The opposing forces at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864.

The Union Army.

Escort: 17th Pa. Cavalry (detachment), Maj. Weidner H. Spera; 6th U. S. Cavalry, Capt. Ira W. Claflin.

Sixth Army Corps, Brig.-Gen. James B. Ricketts (w),¹ Brig.-Gen. George W. Getty, Maj.-Gen. Horatio G. Wright.² Staff loss: w, 2.

Escort: G, 1st Mich. Cavalry, Lieut. William H. Wheeler.

first division, Brig.-Gen. Frank Wheaton.

First Brigade, Col. William H. Penrose (w), Lieut.-Col. Edward L. Campbell, Capt. Baldwin Hufty: 4th N. J., Capt. Baldwin Hufty; 10th N. J., Maj. Lambert Boeman, Capt. Charles D. Claypool; 15th N. J., Lieut.-Col. Edward L. Campbell, Capt. James W. Penrose. Brigade loss: k, 17; w, 129; m, 19 =165. Second Brigade, Col. Joseph E. Hamblin, Col. Ranald S. Mackenzie (w), Lieut.-Col. Egbert Olcott: 2d Conn. Heavy Artillery, Col. Ranald S. Mackenzie, Maj. Edward W. Jones; 65th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Thomas H. Higginbotham, Capt. Henry C. Fisk; 121st N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Egbert Olcott, Capt. Daniel D. Jackson; 95th and 96th Pa., Capt. John Harper. Brigade loss: k, 52; w, 272; m, 80 =404. Third Brigade (at Winchester and not engaged in the battle), Col. Oliver Edwards: 37th Mass., Lieut.-Col. George L. Montague; 49th Pa., Lieut.-Col. Baynton J. Hickman; 82d Pa., Col. Isaac C. Bassett; 119th Pa., Lieut.-Col. Gideon Clark; 2d R. I. (batt'n), Capt. Elisha H. Rhodes; 5th Wis. (batt'n), Maj. Charles W. Kempf; 17th Pa. Cavalry, Maj. Coe Durland.

Second division, Brig.-Gen. George W. Getty, Brig.-Gen. Lewis A. Grant, Brig.-Gen. George W. Getty.

First Brigade, Col. James M. Warner: 62d N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Theodore B. Hamilton; 93d Pa., Capt. David C. Keller; 98th Pa., Lieut.-Col. John B. Kohler, Capt. Gottfried Bauer; 102d Pa., Maj. James H. Coleman, Capt. James Patchell; 139th Pa., Lieut.-Col. John G. Parr. Brigade loss: k, 36; w, 189; m, 4=229. Second Brigade, Brig.-Gen. Lewis A. Grant, Lieut.-Col. Amasa S. Tracy, Brig.-Gen. Lewis A. Grant: 2d Vt., Lieut.-Col. Amasa S. Tracy, Capt. Elijah Wales, Lieut.-Col. Amasa S. Tracy; 3d Vt. (batt'n), Maj. Horace W. Floyd; 4th Vt., Maj. Horace W. Floyd, Col. George P. Foster;³ 5th Vt., Maj. Enoch E. Johnson; 6th Vt. (batt'n), Capt. Edwin R. Kinney, Capt. William J. Sperry; 11th Vt. (1st Heavy Artillery), Lieut.-Col. Charles Hunsdon. Brigade loss: k, 34; w, 209; m, 41 =284. Third Brigade, Brig.-Gen. Daniel D. Bidwell (k), Lieut.-Col. Winsor B. French: 1st Me. (Veteran), Maj. Stephen C. Fletcher; 43d N. Y. (batt'n), Maj. Charles A. Milliken; 49th N. Y. (batt'n), Lieut.-Col. Erastus D. Holt; 77th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Winsor B. French; 122d N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Augustus W. Dwight, Maj. Jabez M. Brower; 61st Pa. (batt'n), Capt. David J. Taylor. Brigade loss: k, 37; w, 172; m, 16==225.

Third division, Col. J. Warren Keifer.

First Brigade, Col. William Emerson: 14th N. J., Capt. Jacob J. Janeway; 106th N. Y., Capt. Alvah W. Briggs, Capt. Peter Robertson; 151st N. Y., Capt. Browning N. Wiles, Capt. Hiram A. Kimball; 184th N. Y. (batt'n), Maj. William D. Ferguson; 87th Pa. (batt'n), Capt. Edgar M. Ruhl, Capt. John A. Salsbury; 10th Vt., Col. William W. Henry, Capt. Henry H. Dewey. Brigade loss: k, 39; w, 210; m, 21 = 270. Second [531] Brigade, Col. William H. Ball: 6th Md., Maj. Joseph C. Hill; 9th N. Y. Heavy Artillery, Maj. James W. Snyder; 110th Ohio, Lieut.-Col. Otho H. Binkley; 122d Ohio, Lieut.-Col. Moses M. Granger; 126th Ohio, Maj. George W. Voorhes, Capt. George W. Hoge; 67th Pa., Lieut. John F. Young; 138th Pa., Maj. Lewis A. May. Brigade loss: k, 69; w, 352; m, 15 == 436.

artillery Brigade, Col. Charles H. Tompkins: 5th Me.,Capt. Greenleaf T. Stevens; 1st N. Y., Lieut. Orsamus R. Van Etten; C, 1st R. I., Lieut. Jacob H. Lamb; G, 1st R. I., Capt. George W. Adams; M, 5th U. S., Capt. James McKnight. Brigade loss: k, 14, w, 93; m, 4==111.

Nineteenth Army Corps, Brig.-Gen. William H. Emory. Staff loss: w, 2.

first division, Brig.-Gen. James W. McMillan, Brig.-Gen. William Dwight.

First Brigade, Col. Edwin P. Davis: 29th Me., Maj. George H. Nye, Capt. Alfred L. Turner; 30th Mass., Capt. Samuel D. Shipley; 90th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Nelson Shaurman, Capt. Henry de La Paturelle; 114th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Henry B. Morse; 116th N. Y., Col. George M. Love; 153d N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Alexander Strain, Capt. George H. McLaughlin. Brigade loss: k, 71; w, 443; In, 49 = 563. Second Brigade, Col. Stephen Thomas, Brig.-Gen. James W. McMillan: 12th Conn., Lieut.-Col. George N. Lewis; 160th N. Y., Capt. Henry P. Underhill; 47th Pa., Maj. J. P. Shindel Gobin; 8th Vt., Maj. John B. Mead, Capt. Moses McFarland, Col. Stephen Thomas. Brigade loss: k, 85; w, 246; m, 167 = 498. Third Brigade (guarding wagon trains, and not engaged in the battle), Col. Leonard D. H. Currie: 30th Me,. Col. Thomas H. Hubbard; 133d N. Y., Maj. Anthony J. Allaire; 162d N. Y., Col. Justus W. Blanchard; 165th N. Y. (6 companies), Lieut.-Col. Gouverneur Carr; 173d N. Y., Maj. George W. Rogers.

Artillery: 5th N. Y., Capt. Elijah D. Taft.

Second division, Brig.-Gen. Cuvier Grover (w), Brig.-Gen. Henry W. Birge. Staff loss: w, 1.

First Brigade, Brig.-Gen. Henry W. Birge, Col. Thomas W. Porter: 9th Conn. (batt'n), Capt. John G. Healy; 12th Me., Lieut.-Col. Edwin Ilsley; 14th Me., Col. Thomas W. Porter, Capt. John K. Laing; 26th Mass. (batt'n), Lieut. John S. Cooke; 14th N. H., Capt. Theodore A. Ripley, Capt. Oliver H. Marston; 75th N. Y., Maj. Benjamin F. Thurber. Brigade loss: k, 28; w, 152; m, 169 =349. Second Brigade, Col. Edward L. Molineux: 13th Conn., Col. Charles D. Blinn; 11th Ind., Lieut.-Col. William W. Darnall; 22d Iowa, Col. Harvey Graham; 3d Mass. Cavalry (dismounted), Col. Lorenzo D. Sargent; 131st N. Y., Col. Nicholas W. Day; 159th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. William Waltermire. Brigade loss: k, 19; w, 171; m, 97 = 287. Third Brigade, Col. Daniel Macauley, Lieut.-Col. Alfred Neafie: 38th Mass., Maj. Charles F. Allen; 128th N. Y., Capt. Charles R. Anderson; 156th N. Y., Lieut.-Col. Alfred Neafie, Captain Alfred Cooley; 175th N. Y. (batt'n), Capt. Charles McCarthey; 176th N. Y., Maj. Charles Lewis. Brigade loss: k, 20; w, 87; m, 191 = 298. Fourth Brigade, Co]. David Shunk: 8th Ind., Lieut.-Col. Alexander J. Kenny, Maj. John R. Polk; 18th Ind., Lieut.-Col. William S. Charles; 24th Iowa, Lieut.-Col. John Q. Wilds, Capt. Leander Clark, Maj. Edward Wright; 28th Iowa, Lieut.-Col. Bartholomew W. Wilson, Maj. John Meyer. Brigade loss: k, 26; w, 200; m, 103 = 329.

Artillery: 1st Me., Lieut. Eben D. Haley, Lieut. John S. Snow. Artillery loss: k, 3; w, 17; m, 8 = 28.

Reserve artillery, Maj. Albert W. Bradbury: 17th Ind., Lieut. Hezekiah Hinkson; D, 1st R. I., Lieut. Fred'k Chase. Artillery Reserve loss: k, 5; w, 17; m, 6 = 28.

Army of West Virginia, Brig.-Gen. George Crook. Staff loss: k, 1.

first division, Col. Joseph Thoburn (k), Col. Thomas M. Harris. Staff loss: k, 1.

First Brigade, Lieut.-Col. Thomas F. Wildes: 34th Mass., Capt. Andrew Potter; 5th N. Y. Heavy Artillery (2d Battalion), Capt. Frederick C. Wilkie; 116th Ohio, Capt. Wilbert B. Teters; 123d Ohio, Maj. Horace Kellogg. Brigade loss: k, 1; w, 36; m, 371 =408. Second Brigade (at Winchester and not engaged in the battle), Col. William B. Curtis: 1st W. Va., Lieut.-Col. Jacob Weddle; 4th W. Va., Capt. Benjamin D. Boswell; 12th W. Va., Lieut.-Col. Robert S. Northcott. Third Brigade, Col. Thomas M. Harris, Col. Milton Wells: 23d Ill. Battalion (not in action), Capt. Samuel A. Simison; 54th Pa., Capt. John Suter; 10th W. Va., Lieut.-Col. Moses S. Hall, Maj. Henry H. Withers; 11th W. Va., Lieut.-Col. Van H. Bukey; 15th W. Va., Col. Milton Wells, Maj. John W. Holliday. Brigade loss: k, 12; w, 61; m, 103 = 176.

Second division, Col. Rutherford B. Hayes.

First Brigade, Col. Hiram F. Duval: 23d Ohio, Lieut.-Col. James M. Comly; 36th Ohio, Lieut.-Col. William H. G. Adney; 5th W. Va. (batt'n), Lieut.-Col. William H. Enochs; 13th W. Va., Col. William R. Brown, Lieut.-Col. James R. Hall. Brigade loss: k, 22; w, 105; m, 8 = 135. Second Brigade, Lieut.-Col. Benjamin F. Coates: 34th Ohio (batt'n), Lieut.-Col. Luther Furney; 91st Ohio, Maj. Lemuel Z. Cadot; 9th W. Va., Capt. John S. P. Carroll; 14th W. Va., Maj. Shriver Moore. Brigade loss: k, 3; w, 52; m, 31 = 86.

artillery Brigade, Capt. Henry A. Du Pont: L, 1st Ohio, Capt. Frank C. Gibbs; D, 1st Pa., Lieut. William Munk; B, 5th U. S., Lieut. Henry F. Brewerton, Lieut. Charles Holman. Brigade loss: k, 8; w, 16; m, 27==51.

Provisional division,⁴ Col. J. Howard Kitching (m w). Loss: k, 12; w, 72; m, 18 == 102.

cavalry, Brig.-Gen. Alfred T. A. Torbert.

Escort: 1st R. I., Maj. William H. Turner, Jr.

first division, Brig.-Gen. Wesley Merritt.

First Brigade, Col. James H. Kidd: 1st Mich., Capt. Andrew W. Duggan; 5th Mich., Maj. Smith H. Hastings; 6th Mich., Maj. Charles W. Deane; 7th Mich., Maj. Daniel H. Darling; 6th N. Y. Battery, Capt. Joseph W. Martin. Brigade loss: k, 10; w, 45; m, 33 = 88. Second Brigade, Col. Thomas C. Devin: 4th N. Y.,⁵ Maj. Edward Schwartz; 6th N. Y., Capt. George E. Farmer; 9th N. Y., Col. George S. Nichols; 19th N. Y. (1st Dragoons), Col. Alfred Gibbs; K and L, 1st U. S. Art'y, Lieut. Franck E. Taylor. Brigade loss: k, 5; w, 19 = 24. Reserve Brigade, Col. Charles R. Lowell, Jr. (k), Lieut.-Col. Casper Crowninshield: 2d Mass., Lieut.-Col. Casper Crowninshield, Capt. Archibald McKendry; 1st U. S., Capt. Eugene M. Baker; 2d U. S., Capt. Robert S. Smith; 5th U. S., Lieut. Gustavus Urban. Brigade loss: k, 9; w, 27; m, I = 37.

Second division,⁶ Col. William H. Powell.

First Brigade, Col. Alpheus S. Moore: 8th Ohio (detachment),; 14th Pa., Maj. Thomas Gibson; 22d Pa., Lieut.-Col. Andrew J. Greenfield. Brigade loss: w, 7. Second Brigade, Col. Henry Capehart: 1st N. Y., Maj. Timothy Quinn; 1st W. Va., Maj. Harvey Farabee; 2d W. Va., Lieut.-Col. John J. Hoffman; 3d W. Va., Lieut.-Col. John L. McGee. Brigade loss: k, 1; w, 1; m, 1 = 3. Artillery: L, 5th U. S., Lieut. Gulian V. Weir.

Third division, Brig.-Gen. George A. Custer.

First Brigade, Col. Alexander C. M. Pennington, Jr.: 1st Conn., Capt. Edwin W. French; 3d N. J., Lieut.-Col. Charles C. Suydam; 2d N. Y., Capt. Andrew S. Glover; 5th N. Y., Maj. Theodore A. Boice; 2d Ohio, Lieut.-Col. George A. Purington; 18th Pa., Maj. John W. Phillips. Brigade loss: k, 2; w, 17; m, 8 = 27. Second Brigade, Col. William Wells: 3d Ind. (2 co's), Lieut. Benjamin F. Gilbert; 1st N. H. (batt'n), Col. John L. Thompson; 8th N: Y., Lieut.-Col. William H. Benjamin; 22d N. Y., Maj. Charles C. Brown; 1st Vt., Lieut.-Col. John W. Bennett. Brigade loss: w, 7.

horse artillery: B and L, 2d U. S., Capt. Charles H. Peirce; C, F, and K, 3d U. S., Capt. Dunbar R. Ransom. Artillery loss: k, 2; w, 1==3.

Sheridan's field forces present for duty in the Valley, September 10th, 1864, were about 43,000 officers and men. He had, also, in garrison at Harper's Ferry, Martinsburg, and other points, probably 7000. General Early puts Sheridan's aggregate, September 1st, at 56,618, but this includes troops subsequently left in garrisons at [532] Harper's Ferry, Martinsburg, and further west on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and in West Virginia.

His losses in the principal engagements were: Winchester, or the Opequon, 697 killed, 3983 wounded, 338 captured or missing,--total, 5018; Fisher's Hill, 52 killed, 457 wounded, 19 captured or missing,--total, 528; Cedar Creek, 644 killed, 3430 wounded, 1591 captured or missing,--total, 5665. During the campaign the Union loss aggregated 1938 killed, 11,893 wounded, and 3121 captured or missing == 16,952.

The Confederate Army.--Lieut.-Gen. Jubal A. Early.

Battle's Brigade, Brig.-Gen. C. A. Battle, Lieut.-Col. E. L. Hobson: 3d Ala.----; 5th Ala., Lieut.-Col. E. L. Hobson; 6th Ala., Capt. J. Green; 12th Ala., Capt. P. D. Rose; 61st Ala., Maj. W. E. Pinckard. Cook's Brigade, Brig.-Gen. Phil. Cook: 4th Ga., Lieut.-Col. W. H. Willis; 12th Ga., Capt. James Everett; 21st Ga., Capt. H. T. Battle; 44th Ga., Lieut.-Col. J. W. Beck. Grimes's Brigade, Brig.-Gen. Bryan Grimes: 32d and 53d and 2d N. C. Battalion, Col. D. G. Cowand; 43d and 45th N. C., Col. John R. Winston. Cox's Brigade, Brig.-Gen. William R. Cox: 1st N. C., Capt. W H. Thomson; 2d N. C., Capt. T. B. Beall; 3d N. C., Capt. W. H. Thomson; 4th N. C.----; 14th N. C., Capt. Joseph Jones; 30th N. C., Capt. J. C. McMillan.

Pegram's (Early's) division, Brig.-Gen. John Pegram.

Godwin's Brigade: 6th N. C.----; 21st N. C.----; 54th N. C.----; 57th N. C.----. Johnston's Brigade, Brig.-Gen. Robert D. Johnston: 5th N. C.----; 12th N. C.----; 20th N. C., Col. T. F. Toon; 23d N. C.----; 1st N. C. Battalion Sharp-shooters, Capt. R. E. Wilson. Pegram's Brigade, Col. John S. Hoffman: 13th Va., Capt. Felix Heiskell; 31st Va., Lieut.-Col. J. S. K. McCutchen; 49th Va., Capt. John G. Lobban; 52d Va., Capt. J. M. Humphreys; 58th Va., Capt. L. C. James.

Gordon's division, Maj.-Gen. John B. Gordon.

Evans's Brigade, Brig.-Gen. C. A. Evans: 13th Ga.----; 26th Ga.----; 31st Ga.----; 38th Ga.----; 60th Ga.----; 61st Ga.----; 12th Ga. Battalion,----. Hays's Brigade, 5th, 6th, and 7th La.----; 8th La.----; 9th La.----. Terry's Brigade (composed of the fragmentary remains of fourteen of the regiments of Edward Johnson's division, most of which was captured by the enemy, May 12th, 1864), Brig.-Gen. William Terry: 2d, 4th, 5th, 27th, and 33d Va. [Stonewall Brigade], Col. J. H. S. Funk; 21st, 25th, 42d, 44th, 48th, and 50th Va. [J. M. Jones's Brigade], Col. R. H. Dungan; 10th, 23d, and 37th Va. [Steuart's brigade], Lieut.-Col. S. H. Saunders. Stafford's Brigade: 1st and 14th La.----; 2d La.----; 10th and 15th La.----.

Kershaw's division, Maj.-Gen. J. B. Kershaw.

Conner's Brigade, Brig.-Gen. James Conner, Maj. James M. Goggin: 2d S. C., Maj. B. R. Clyburn; 3d S. C., Maj. R. T. Todd; 7th S. C.----; 8th S. C.----; 15th S. C.----; 20th S. C., Col. S. M. Boykin; 3d S. C. Battalion,----. Wofford's Brigade: 16th Ga.----; 18th Ga.----; 24th Ga.----; 3d Ga. Battalion,----; Cobb's Ga. Legion,----; Phillips's Ga. Legion. Humphreys's Brigade, Brig.-Gen. Benjamin G. Humphreys: 13th Miss.----; 17th Miss.----; 18th Miss.----; 21st Miss.----. Bryan's Brigade, Col. James P. Simms: 10th Ga., Col. W. C. Holt; 50th Ga., Col. P. McGlashan; 51st Ga., Col. E. Ball; 53d Ga.----.

Wharton's division, Brig.-Gen. G. C. Wharton.

Wharton's Brigade: 45th Va.----; 50th Va.----; 51st Va.----; 30th Va. Battalion Sharp-shooters,----. Echols's Brigade: 22d Va.----; 23d Va. Battalion,----; 26th Va. Battalion,----. Smith's Brigade, Col. Thomas Smith: 36th Va.----; 60th Va., Capt. A. G. P. George; 45th Va. Battalion, Capt. W. B. Hensly; Thomas Legion, Lieut.-Col. James R. Lowe.

cavalry.

Lomax's division, Maj.-Gen. Lunsford L. Lomax.

Imboden's Brigade: 18th Va.----; 23d Va.----; 62d Va.----. McCausland's Brigade, Brig.-Gen. John McCausland: 14th Va.----; 16th Va.----; 17th Va.----; 25th Va.----; 37th Va. Battalion,----. B. T. Johnson's Brigade: 8th Va.----; 21st Va.----; 22d Va.---; 34th Va. Battalion,----; 36th Va. Battalion,----. Jackson's Brigade, Brig.-Gen. H. B. Davidson: 1st Md.----; 19th Va.----; 20th Va.----; 46th Va. Battalion,----; 47th Va. Battalion,----.

Rosser's (Fitz Lee's) division, Maj. Gen. Thos. L. Rosser.

Wickham's Brigade: 1st Va.----; 2d Va.----; 3d Va.----; 4th Va.----. Rosser's Brigade: 7th Va.----; 11th Va.----; 12th Va.----; 35th Va. Battalion,----. Payne's Brigade: 5th Va.----; 6th Va.----; 15th Va----.

artillery, Col. T. H. Carter.

Braxton's Battalion: Va. Battery (Carpenter's); Va. Battery (Hardwicke's); Va. Battery (Cooper's). Carter's Battalion: Ala. Battery (Reese's); Va. Battery (W. P. Carter's); Va. Battery (Pendleton's); Va. Battery (Fry's). Cutshaw's Battalion: Va. Battery (Carrington's); Va. Battery (Tanner's); Va. Battery (Garber's). Nelson's Battalion, Lieut.-Col. William Nelson: Ga. Battery (Milledge's); Va. Battery (Kirkpatrick's); Va. Battery (Massie's). King's Battalion, Lieut.-Col. J. Floyd King: Va. Battery (Bryan's); Va. Battery (Chapman's); Va. Battery (Lowry's). Horse Artillery: Md. Battery (Griffin's); Va. Battery (Jackson's); Va. Battery (Lurty's); Va. Battery (McClanahan's); Va. Battery (Johnston's); Va. Battery (Shoemaker's); Va. Battery (Thomson's).

The maximum effective strength of Early's army in the Valley is estimated at about 20,000 of all arms, about August 15th, 1864; but at the battle of Winchester, September 19th, his force had been reduced by the departure of Kershaw, who on August 31st had been 3822 strong,. officers and men. [See foot-note, p. 524.] According to Early's official report the losses in killed and wounded from September 1st to October 1st were 291 killed and 2023 wounded = 2314. The loss (including the missing) of the infantry and artillery at the Opequon is stated at 3611. At Fisher's Hill the infantry and artillery lost 30 killed, 210 wounded, and 995 missing = 1235. At Cedar Creek 700 or 800 were killed and wounded. In his “Memoir,” p. 112, General Early says that his losses at Cedar Creek were “about 1860 in killed and wounded and something over 1000 prisoners.”

Colonel B. W. Crowninshield, who was provost-marshal of Sheridan's command, says in his “Cedar Creek,” that he “had on his books, record of 7000 unwounded prisoners who were soldiers,” and Colonel E. B. Parsons, who succeeded Crowninshield as provost-marshal, reported about 13,000 Confederate prisoners received by him from August 1st, 1864, to March 1st, 1865. This statement is denied by General Early, who says ( “Memoir,” p. 118): “My loss in killed, wounded, and prisoners, at Winchester and Fisher's Hill, had been less than 4000, and, at Cedar Creek, about 3000, but the enemy has attempted to magnify it to a much larger figure, claiming as prisoners several thousand more than my entire loss. How he makes out his estimate is not for me to explain. . . I know that a number of prisoners fell into the enemy's hands who did not belong to my command; such as cavalrymen on details to get fresh horses, soldiers on leave of absence, conscripts on special details, citizens not in the service, men employed in getting supplies for the departments, and stragglers and deserters from other commands.” [533]

Union Battery near Dunn's House Petersburg. From a War-time photograph.