ذوب
1 ذَابَ ذ , (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. يَذُوبُ, (T, S, Msb,) inf. n. ذَوْبٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and ذَوَبَانٌ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) It melted, dissolved, or became fluid or liquid; contr. of جَمَدَ: (S, M, A, K:) it flowed. (T, Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] ذاب دَمْعُهُ (tropical:) [His tears flowed]. (A.) And ذَابَتْ حَدَقَتُهُ (tropical:) [His eye] shed tears; (A;) or flowed [with tears]. (T.) ― -b3- ذاب جِسْمُهُ (tropical:) His body became lean, or emaciated: one says, ثَابَ بَعْدَمَا ذَابَ (tropical:) [He became fat after he had been lean]. (A.) ― -b4- And ذَابَ [alone] (assumed tropical:) He became foolish, or stupid, after having been intelligent. (T, K.) ― -b5- نَحْنُ لَا نَجْمُدُ فِى الحَقِّ وَلَا نَذُوبُ فِى البَاطِلِ (tropical:) [We will not be hard, or niggardly, in the case of truth, or right, nor will we be soft, or easily yielding, in the case of falsity, or wrong]. (A.) ― -b6- هٰذَا الكَلَامُ فِيهِ ذَوْبُ الرُّوحِ (tropical:) [This speech, or discourse, contains that which melts the soul]. (A.) ― -b7- ذَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ [and ↓ استذابت (as is shown by a phrase mentioned in the L in art. صخد）] (tropical:) The sun became intensely hot. (S, A, K.) ― -b8- “ أَذُوبُ اللَّيَالِى أَوْيُجِيبُ صَدَاكُمَا” occurring in a trad. of Kuss, means (assumed tropical:) I will wait in expectation during the lapse of the nights [or the echo of you two shall answer]; from الإِِذَابَةُ, which signifies “ spoil, booty, or plunder. ” (TA.) ― -b9- مَا ذَابَ فِى يَدِى شَىْءٌ (assumed tropical:) There remained not in my hand anything. (AHeyth, TA.) And مَا ذَابَ فِى يَدَيْهِ مِنْهُ خَيْرٌ, (M,) or فِى يَدِى, (K,) (assumed tropical:) There came not [into his hands, or into my hands, from him, or it, any good]. (M, K.) ― -b10- ذاب عَلَيْهِ المَالُ (assumed tropical:) The property became, or proved to be, binding, obligatory, or incumbent, on him to render as a debt. (T.) And ذاب لِى عَلَيْهِ حَقٌّ (tropical:) A right, or due, was, or became, incumbent, or obligatory, on him to render to me, and established against him. (S, A, Mgh, K. *) And ذاب عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الأَمْرِ كَذَا, inf. n. ذَوْبٌ, (assumed tropical:) Such a part of the thing, or affair, was, or became, incumbent, or obligatory, on him; like جَمَدَ and بَرَدَ. (M.) -A2- ذاب also signifies He continued in the eating of ذَوْب i. e. honey. (T, L, K. *) 2 ذوّبهُ ذ : see 4. -A2- Also, inf. n. تَذْوِيبٌ, He made [or disposed] for him a ذُوَابَة [or ذُؤَابَة]: irreg.; being originally with ' [i. e. ذَأَّبَهُ]. (T, K.) It is said in a trad. of Ibn-El-Hanafeeyeh, كَانَ يُذَوِّبُ أُمَّهُ, meaning He used to plait the ذوابة of his mother. (TA.) 4 اذابهُ ذ and ↓ ذوّبهُ He melted it, dissolved it, rendered it fluid or liquid, liquified it; (S, M, A, K;) or made it to flow. (Msb.) It is said in a prov., (S, TA,) respecting butter, (S,) مَا يَدْرِى أَيُخْثِرُ أَمْ يُذِيبُ [expl. in art. خثر]. (S, M, TA.) [See also a verse of Bishr cited below in this paragraph.] ― -b2- [Hence,] the former [as meaning (tropical:) It dissolved him, or emaciated him,] is said of anxiety, (A, TA,) and grief. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] اذاب حَاجَتَهُ, and ↓ استذابها , (tropical:) He matured, and fully accomplished, the object of his want. (A, TA.) And اذابوا أَمْرَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) They put their affair into a good, sound, or right, state. (K.) ― -b4- اذابوا عَلَيْنَا, (S, M,) or عَلَيْهِمْ, (A, K,) inf. n. إِِذَابَةٌ, (S,) (tropical:) They made an inroad or incursion, or a sudden attack, urging their horses, upon us, or upon them, (S, M, A, K,) and took spoil [from us, or them, or made, or left, our property, or theirs, to be taken as spoil]. (A.) Hence the saying of Bishr (S) Ibn-Abee-Kházim, (TA,) “ فَكَانُو كَذَاتِ القِدْرِ لَمْ تَدْرِ إِِذْ غَلَتْ
أَتَتْرُكُهَا مَذْمُومَةً أَمْ تُذِيبُهَا
” (S,) or وَكُنْتُمْ, (M, TA,) and أَتْنْزِلُهَا, (so in some copies of the S and M,) meaning (assumed tropical:) [And they were, or and ye were, like her having the cookingpot, not knowing, when it boiled, whether she should leave it, or put it down from the fire, disapproved, or] whether she should let it be taken as spoil: (S, TA:) so accord. to AZ: (S:) or the meaning is, [whether she should put it down from the fire,] or make it to remain; i. e. تُثْبِتُهَا, (S, TA,) or تُبْقِيهَا; (AHeyth, TA;) from ذَابَ لِى عَلَيْهِ حَقٌّ, expl. above, (S, TA,) or from مَا ذَابَ فِى يَدِى شَىْءٌ, also expl. above: (A Heyth, TA:) or, accord. to As, the meaning is, or whether she should melt it; from the prov. mentioned above in this paragraph: (S, TA:) i. e., whether she should leave it in a thick state, [disapproved,] or should melt it; fearing that the butter [in the cooking-pot] would spoil. (TA.) [In the TT, for مَذْمُومَةً, I find مَدْمُومَةً, which, applied to a cooking-pot, means smeared, or done over, with spleen, &c. See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 626 et seq.] 10 اِسْتَذَبْتُهُ ذ signifies طَلَبْتُ مِنْهُ الذَّوْبَ [which may be rendered I asked, or desired, of him honey, &c.]: (K:) [but accord. to ISd,] it signifies, agreeably with other verbs of this form, I asked, or desired, of him that he would melt or dissolve [butter &c.]. (M.) ― -b2- [Hence, perhaps,] استذابت الشَّمْسُ: see 1. ― -b3- استذاب حَاجَتَهُ: see 4. ― -b4- استذاب ذَوْبَةً (assumed tropical:) He preserved a residue of his wealth, or property. (TA.) ذَابٌ ذ A vice, fault, defect, or the like; (K;) like [ذَيْبٌ and] ذَامٌ and ذَيْمٌ. (TA.) ذَوْبٌ ذ [What is fluid, or liquid, of water &c.; contr. of جَمْدٌ: see جَامِدٌ: and see also ذَائِبٌ. ― -b2- ] Honey, (T, M, K,) in a general sense: (M:) or honey cleared from its wax: (T, M, K:) or honey in the bees' cells: (S, M, K:) and melted, or liquefied, honey: (M:) or melted, or liquefied, honey, cleared from its wax: so in the saying, ↓ هُوَ أَحْلَىمِنَ الذَّوْبِ بِالإِِذْوَابَةِ (tropical:) [He, or it, is sweeter than honey melted and cleared of its wax, with fresh butter melted in a cooking-pot to clarify it]. (A.) ― -b3- Gum flowing upon the ground. (TA voce مِغْفَرٌ.) ― -b4- ذَوْبُ الذَّهَبِ Watergold: or, accord. to Er-Rázee, fluid, or liquid, gold; the inf. n. ذَوْب being used in this instance in the sense of ذَائِب. (Har p. 448.) -A2- (assumed tropical:) Foolishness, or stupidity. (TA.) [But see the next paragraph.] ذَوْبَةٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) A residue of wealth, or property: so in the saying أَسْلَمَ عَلَى ذَوْبَةٍ (assumed tropical:) He became a Muslim on the condition of his preserving a residue of his wealth, or property. (TA from a trad.) -A2- (assumed tropical:) Manifest foolishness or stupidity: so in the phrase فِى فُلَانٍ ذَوْبَةٌ (assumed tropical:) In such a one is manifest foolishness or stupidity. (TA in art. شوب.) You say also, ظَهَرَتْ فِيهِ ذَوْبَةٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Foolishness, or stupidity, appeared in him. (T.) ذُوبَانٌ ذ and ذِيبَانٌ [like ذِئْبَانٌ] The remains of the [fur, or soft hair, called] وَبَر [after the greater part has fallen off or been shorn]: or the hair (الشَّعَرُ [for which الشّعرِ is erroneously put in the CK]) on the neck (M, K) and lip (M) of the camel (M, K) or horse. (K.) -A2- Also the former, Paupers and thieves; for ذُؤَبَانٌ [a pl. of ذِئْبٌ, q. v.], the ' being changed into و. (TA.) ذَؤُوبٌ ذ [originally ذَوُوبٌ] A fat she-camel: (A, K:) because what is melted (مَا يُذَابُ) is collected from her. (A, TA.) ذُوَابَةٌ ذ for ذُؤَابَةٌ [expl. in art. ذأب]: pl. ذَوَائِبُ. (T, K.) هَاجِرَةٌ ذَوَّابَةٌ ذ (tropical:) A midday, or summer-midday, intensely hot. (T, A, TA.) ذَائِبٌ ذ part. n. of 1, [Melting or dissolving, fluid or liquid; or] flowing; contr. of جَامِدٌ. (Msb.) ― -b2- لَهُ دُمُوعٌ ذَوَائِبُ (tropical:) [He has flowing tears]. (A, TA.) ― -b3- ذَائِبُ المَالِ, as opposed to جَامِد [q. v.], (tropical:) Such property as consists in what is fluid, or liquid: (L in art. جمد:) or such as consists in live stock: (L and K in that art.:) or such as consists in trees. (L in that art.) ― -b4- ذَائِبُ النَّفْسِ (tropical:) Heavy, slow, indolent, or dull, of soul; syn. ثَقِيلٌ. (A.) إِِذَابَةٌ ذ Spoil; booty; plunder: [in this sense] a subst. [in the proper meaning of the term]; not an inf. n. (M, TA.) إِِذْوَابٌ ذ and إِِذْوَابَةٌ, [the latter, only, mentioned in the A, app. as being the more common,] Fresh butter when it is put into the cooking-pot to be cooked so as to become سَمْن [i. e. clarified butter]: (AZ in explanation of the latter word, T, S:) or fresh butter which is melted in the cooking-pot to make سَمْن: this name continues to be applied to it until it is put into the skin. (M, K.) See ذَوْبٌ. مُذَابٌ ذ and ↓ مُذَوَّبٌ Melted, or dissolved, fat [&c.]. (A.) مِذْوَبٌ ذ A vessel in which a thing is melted, or dissolved. (M, K.) مِذْوَبَةٌ ذ A ladle. (Lh, M, K.) مُذَوَّبٌ ذ : see مُذَابٌ.
