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1 360/59 B.C.
2 This defeat occurs on two occasions according to Diodorus, at the beginning of his reign (Book 14.92.3-4) and again about 383 (Book 15.19.2). Beloch (Griechische Geschichte (2), 3.2.58) thinks the first mention erroneous.
3 Since Philip was born about 383 he was an infant when given to the Illyrians. Justin 7.5.1 states that he was ransomed by Alexander II and later sent by him as hostage to Thebes. Diodorus likewise has Alexander send him to Thebes (Book 15.67.4) as does Plut. Pelopidas 26.4). Modern historians, e.g. Beloch (op. cit. 3.1.182, note), Glotz (Hist. gr. 3.227), and the author of the article on Philip in P.-W. (Realencyclopädie, 19.2266) agree that Ptolemy of Alorus, paramour and later husband of Eurydice, widow of Amyntas III, was the monarch who sent Philip to Thebes, basing their account on Aeschines (Aeschin. 2.26 ff.), who places Philip at the court of Ptolemy when he succeeded Alexander II (369). Philip was probably in Thebes 368-365. His adoption of the "oblique order of battle" from Epameinondas is probably the most striking result of his sojourn in Thebes (see Wilcken, Alexander the Great, translated by G. C. Richards, 30).
4 Lysis of Tarentum (see Nepos Epaminondas 2.2). But Wesseling quotes Plut. De Genio Socratis 584b, to show that Lysis died shortly before the deliverance of Thebes. For the education of Epameinondas see Book 15.39.2. According to Plut. Pelopidas 26.5, Philip was a hostage in the house of Pammenes (see Books 15.94.2 and 16.34.1-2) and not in the house of Epameinondas' father, whose name was Polymnus (Nepos Epaminondas 1.1). Certainly Epameinondas had passed his student days when Philip was a hostage, since he had already won the battle of Leuctra.
5 See Book 15.60.3.
6 See Book 15.71.1.
7 See Book 15.77.5.
8 Bardylis was the name of their formidable king (Pickard-Cambridge, Cambridge Ancient History, 6.205).
9 He was only ἐπίτροπος, regent, for Perdiccas' son Amyntas III (P.-W. Realencyclopädie, 19.2266-2267). Under Perdiccas, after his return from Thebes, he had administered a district of Macedonia. (See Pickard-Cambridge, Cambridge Ancient History, 6.204.)
10 See Aeschin. 2.26-27. He had striven for the crown at the death of Alexander II. (See F. Geyer, Makedonien bis zur Thronsbesteigung Philipps II, Beiheft 19 der Historischen Zeitschrift, 1930, 132.)
11 Berisades (?), Beloch, Griechische Geschichte (2), 3.1.225, note 1.
12 See Book 14.92.4 and Beloch, l.c., also p. 102. Also Geyer, op. cit. 139.
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- Cross-references to this page
(10):
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), MACEDO´NIA or MACEDON
- Smith's Bio, Amyntas
- Smith's Bio, Argaeus
- Smith's Bio, Aventinensis
- Smith's Bio, Bardylis
- Smith's Bio, Cotys
- Smith's Bio, Eury'dice
- Smith's Bio, Mamerci'nus
- Smith's Bio, Perdiccas Iii.
- Smith's Bio, Philippus Ii.
- Cross-references in notes from this page (6):