Translator's Preface
AT least two-thirds of this volume is the
work of Professor Sage. At the time of his
death he had prepared the text of Books XL—XLII
complete, and had carried the translation through
ch. xxi. of Book XLII. The General Editors and
the new editor of this volume have not found it
necessary to revise the text; in the translation,
the latter part of which was a first draft, the
phrasing has been at times altered, and a
few additional notes to Book XLII supplied.
Doctor Adalaide J. Wegner, colleague and collaborator of Professor Sage, has kindly supplied
numerous notes, textual and factual, which were
planned by Professor Sage but not incorporated
in his draft of the whole. Beginning with ch. xxii.
of Book XLII, the new editor has supplied the
translation and its notes. He regrets his inability
to furnish such a lucid introductory sketch as
Professor Sage put at the beginning of his previous volumes. The maps, place-lists for which
were compiled by the new editor, are intended to
illustrate every geographical reference in the
text which allows of graphic treatment; a list of
peoples and places which cannot be located, except
for the hints given by Livy, is offered with the
maps. Kiepert's
Atlas antiquus has been used in
[p. viii]
preparing these maps. Kiepert has been followed
exactly, except that the Maedi are placed farther
to the north-east than he shows them. The names
with question-marks are those not given by
Kiepert; the degree of doubt indicated by the
question-mark is sometimes slight, but the following are highly conjectural: in Italy, Mutila; in
Greece, Astraeum, Gitana, the Paroria, Tripolis
Scaea; on the general map, the Balari and Ilienses
can only be placed in the mountains of Sardinia,
probably to the north, and occupy more map-space than they did territory. The map of Rome
is taken from O. Richter,
Topographie der Stadt
Rom, München, Beck, 1901 (Iwan Müller,
Handbuch, III, 3), by kind permission of the publishers.
The buildings with a question-mark can only be
placed in the general vicinity indicated, as is done
in the Richter text. Two Spanish towns on the
unplaced list are sometimes placed in Farther
Spain, Aebura being interpreted as Ebora in
Lusitania, and Certima, as Cartima on the southern
coast; Munda, according to this interpretation,
is the site of Caesar's victory in the south. This
theory assumes an error on Livy's part in placing
the campaigns described in XL. xxx.—xxxiii. and
xlvii.—l; both editors prefer to hold to the
manuscript text.
The following was written by Professor Sage:
In this volume the textual problem becomes
more acute since Books XLI—XLV are preserved,
and that not entire, in only one manuscript V
(Codex Vindobonensis Lat. 15). This manuscript,
belonging to either the end of the fifth century or
the beginning of the sixth, has suffered serious
[p. ix]
losses. In its original form it probably contained
the entire fifth decade, since the subscription to
Book XLV now reads “titi livi ab urbe condita
lib. XLV exp. inc. lib. XLVI feliciter.” The loss
of the five last books must have occurred before
the eighth century, for the signature of Theubertus, an eighth-century bishop, appears at the
close of Book XLV where the manuscript now
ends. Before the eighth century the first quater
nion and folios 1 and 8 of quaternions XXX and
XXXIV were lost. The other losses to the
manuscript, with the exception of the second
quaternion, occurred between the time of Theubertus and 1531, when Grynaeus brought out the
first edition of these books (ed. Frobeniana 1531).
Some time between 1531 and 1669 the second
quaternion, containing the text from XLI. 1—
XLI. 9. 10 (edic) was lost.
Critical notes have been supplied upon those
passages where it has been necessary to use the
restorations and conjectures of sixteenth-century
scholars. The apparatus of Giarratano (
Titi Livi
Ab Urbe Condita Libri XLI—XLV, Rome 1933)
furnishes additional suggestions for these passages.
