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You judges must, therefore, be influenced neither by inopportune pity nor by misrepresentations, and inflict just punishment. ὦ Λακεδαιμόνιοι: the speakers address themselves again to the judges. Cf. — ταῦτα ἐπεξήλθομεν: we have gone over these things. Of statement here, as of inquiry in i. 22. 11. Cf. Aesch. Prom. 870 μακροῦ λόγου δεῖ ταῦτ̓ ἐπεξελθεῖν τορῶς.—3. ἡμεῖς δὲ ἔτι ὁσιώτερον τετιμωρημένοι: sc. εἰδῶμεν, as grammatical consistency demands; but logically rather a pass. or intr. verb, like φαινώμεθα, seems to be in the mind of the speaker. Kr. conjectures either ἡμᾶς . . . τετιμωρημένους, or ἡμεῖς δὲ δείξωμεν. Rauchenstein proposes (Philol. XXXV. p. 588 f.), ὑμεῖς μὲν φανῆτε (l. 2). Steup also thinks the fault lies in l. 2, and conjectures that the original was ὑμεῖς μὲν ἔνδηλοι ἧτε, which was first corrupted into ὑμεῖς μὲν ἐνδῆτε, then changed to ὑμεῖς μὲν εἰδῆτε. The pf. τετιμωρημένοι expresses confident anticipation of the fulfillment of the wish.—4. καὶ μὴ kte(.: it seems best, with Pp. and Kr., to begin here a new sent., for καὶ μὴ ἐπικλασθῆτε can be appropriately taken neither as co-ord. with ἐπεξήλθομεν nor as a third clause dependent on ἵνα. After summing up the result of their previous arguments, the Theban speakers take up here the Plataean appeal for pity, continuing in μηδὲ ὀλοφυρμῷ κτἑ. (l. 8).— μὴ . . . ἐπικλασθῆτε: answering to c. 59. 5.— παλαιὰς ἀρετάς: cf. c. 53. § 4; 56. § 5, 7; 57. § 2; 58. § 1.— εἴ τις ἄρα καὶ ἐγένετο: if indeed there was any. See on c. 56. 15.—6. ἐπικούρους: pred. adj., as βοηθοί, c. 69. 2; τιμωροί, iv. 2. 12.—7. διπλασίας ζημίας: the same idea also i. 86. 5.— οὐκ ἐκ προσηκόντων: i.e. ἐξ οὐ προσηκόντων =οὐ προσηκόντως. Cf. c. 43. 5; i. 34. 10; 35. 7; ii. 44. 16. For the order, see on c. 57. 3. ὀλοφυρμῷ: sc. ἐκείνων.—οἴκτῳ: sc. ὑμῶν αὐτῶν.—ὠφελείσθων: on the form, see App. on c. 39. 31.— πατέ- ρων τε . . . ἐπιβοώμενοι kte(.: the participial clause co-ord. as third member with ὀλοφυρμῷ καὶ οἴκτῳ.—9. τάφους . . . ἐπιβοώμενοι: cf. c. 59. § 2.— 10. ἐρημίαν: isolation, as in i. 71. 22. Cf. c. 57. § 4.— πολλῷ δεινότερα παθοῦσαν: cf. c. 59. 6 ὧν πεισόμεθα δεινότητα, 59. 17 νῦν τὰ δεινότατα κινδυνεύομεν παθεῖν. τὴν ὑπὸ τούτων . . . διεφθαρμένην: cf. ii. 5. § 7. For the order, see on c. 54. 19. ἡλικία concrete (iuventus), like νεότης, ii. 8. 3.—12. ὧν: referring to the collective noun, ἡλικίαν. Cf. στρατιὰν . . . οὕς, vii. 1. 9; στρατεύματι . . . οἶς, vii. 75. 39. G. 1021 b; H. 629. — πατέρες οἱ μὲν . . . οἱ δέ: part. apposition. See on c. 13. 17.— πρὸς ὑμᾶς . . . ἄγοντες: cf. viii. 24. 33 ἐνεχείρησάν τινες πρὸς Ἀθηναίους ἀγαγεῖν τὴν πόλιν.—13. ἐν Κορωνείᾳ: as in c. 62. 20, a reminder flattering to the Lacedaemonians, which would increase the effect intended to be produced by πρὸς ὑμᾶς τὴν Βοιωτίαν ἄγοντες.— οἱ δὲ πρεσβῦται λελειμμένοι κατ̓ οἰκίας ἐρῆμοι: while others left behind as desolate (sonless) old men in their homes. κατ̓ οἰκίας is St.'s conjecture for καὶ οἰκίαι of the Mss. Cl.'s explanation of the vulg., “left behind in old age and their houses desolate,” would require καὶ αἱ οἰκίαι, as Kr. proposed. Besides, the bringing together here of aged fathers and desolate houses, where after ὧν πατέρες only the fathers should be spoken of, is quite unnatural. Bm.'s explanation, that οἰκίαι ἐρῆμοι is a bold expression, pred., just as πρεσβῦται, to πατέρες, “left behind as old men and as desolate households,” lacks the support of sure parallels for such an expression.—14. ὑμῶν: obj. gen. to ἱκετείαν. Cf. c. 59. 13, 29. ἀπρεπές τι: cf. c. 57. 6.— οἱ δὲ δικαίως: sc. πάσχοντές τι.—17. τὰ ἐναντία: adv., as in vi. 79. 15, and in the sing. iv. 86. 6; vii. 87. 5.— ἐπίχαρτοι εἶναι: sc. ἄξιοί εἰσι, from ἀξιώτεροι. ἐπίχαρτοι, objects of rejoicing, i.e. those over whose sufferings men may rejoice. Cf. Aesch. Prom. 164 ἐχθροῖς ἐπίχαρτα πέπονθα, Dem. xlv. 85 μὴ ὑπερίδητέ με καὶ τὰς θυγατέρας δἰ ἔνδειαν τοῖς ἐμαντοῦ δούλοις τούτου κόλαξιν ἐπίχαρτον γενόμενον, Solomon, Prov. xi. 3 ἐπίχαρτος ἀσεβῶν ἀπώλεια. Cf. also Aesch. Agam. 722; Soph. Trach. 1262. ἐπιχαίρειν also generally has this sense. Cf. Soph. Aj. 961; Ar. Pax, 1015; Dem. ix. 61; xxi. 134. Cf. also ἐπίχαρις, Aesch. Sept. 910, and ἐπίχαρμα, Eur. H. F. 459; Phoen. 1555; Theocr. ii. 20. τὴν νῦν ἐρημίαν: see on — 19. παρενόμησαν: on the reading, see App.—20. πλέον ἤ: as in c. 12. 6; ii. 89. 21; v. 9. 18=μᾶλλον ἤ. Kr. Spr. 49, 2, 5.—21. οὐκ ἀνταποδόντες . . . τιμωρίαν: on the reading, see App.—22. οὐχί: see on c. 53. 19. —23. ὥσπερ φασίν: cf. c. 58. § 3.— ἀπὸ ξυμβάσεως . . . παραδόντες: cf. c. 52. § 1, 2; 53. § 1. ἀμύνατε kte(.: a slight anacoluthon. The first καί anticipates a second obj. corresponding to τῷ . . . νόμῳ, but the introduction of the new verb ἀνταπόδοτε changes the const. For similar irregularity of const., cf. c. 71. 2; iv. 105. 2; v. 88. 3, and see on ii. 46. 1. For similar irregularity after te, see on c. 94. 17; i. 16. 2.— τῷ . . . νόμῳ . . . παραβαθέντι: cf. c. 66. § 2, 3; 67. § 5. For the expression ἀμύνατε τῷ νόμῳ, cf. Eur. Or. 523 ἀμυνῶ, ὅσονπερ δυνατός εἰμι, τῷ νόμῳ. βοηθεῖν is so used Plato Apol. 32 e; Aeschin. i. 33.—26. ὧν πρόθυμοι γεγενήμεθα: referring to the service rendered at Coronea. Both πρόθυμοι and περιωσθῶμεν in parody of c. 57. 17, 18.— 27. μὴ . . . περιωσθῶμεν ἐν ὑμῖν: let us not be repulsed by you on account of their words. See on c. 57. 17. ἐν ὑμῖν seems to be used with reference to c. 57. 14.—28. ποιήσατε . . . παράδειγμα . . . προθήσοντες: show that you will institute (set forth) contests not of words, but of deeds. Cf. Gorg. Palam. 34 ὑμᾶς δὲ χρὴ μὴ τοῖς λόγοις μᾶλλον ἢ τοῖς ἔργοις προσέχειν τὸν νοῦν. For the const., see on c. 40. 37. The art. is not pleonastic, the sense being, “the contests that you will set forth, you will set forth not of words, but of deeds.” (Bl.) ἀγῶνας προθήσοντες as στέφανον προτιθεῖσα, ii. 46. 4. The reference is to the oratorical gymnastics to which Cleon alludes in c. 37. § 4; 38. § 3, 4. Cf. Isoc. iv. 45 παῤ ἡμῖν ἔστιν ἀγῶνας ἰδεῖν μὴ μόνον τάχους καὶ ῥώμης, ἀλλὰ καὶ λόγων καὶ γνώμης, and Dem. xviii. 226 ῥητόρων ἀγῶνα.—29. ὧν: with the appos. parties. ἀγαθῶν μὲν ὄντων and ἁμαρτανομένων δέ, dependent on ἡ ἀπαγγελία and προκαλύμματα. Cf. ii. 65. 28 ἃ κατορθούμενα μὲν . . . ὠφελία ἦν, σφαλέντα δὲ . . . βλάβη καθίστατο. —30. βραχεῖα: in pred. position, “though it be short.” See on c. 63. 16. The speakers once more (cf. c. 61. 2) hint reprovingly at the length of the speech of the Plataeans.— ἁμαρτανομένων: pass., as in ii. 65. 45; vii. 18. 25; the act. ἁμαρτάνειν τι in i. 38. 13; 39. 7; iv. 114. 26. G. 1240; H. 819 c; Kühn. 378, 10. Cf. Plato Prot. 357 e ἡ ἐξαμαρτανομένη πρᾶξις, Xen. Anab. v. 8. 20 μικρὰ ἁμαρτηθέντα. For the pres. approaching the force of the pf., cf. c. 54. 9, and see GMT. 27; Kr. Spr. 53, 1, 3.—31. λόγοι ἔπεσι κοσμηθέντες: speeches adorned with fine sentiments. Cf. ii. 41. 14, and Plato Apol. 17 b κεκαλλιεπημένους λόγους . . . ῥήμασί τε καὶ ὀνόμασιν.— προκαλύμματα: cf. Luc. Pseudol. 31 προκάλυμμα τῆς βδελυρίας, de Merc. Cond. 5 προκάλυμμα τῆς αὐτομολίας, Dion. H. Ant. vi. 77 προκάλυμμα τῆς ἀπάτης. With the sentiment of the passage, cf. Sall. Jug. 85. 31 ipsa se virtus satis ostendit: illis artificio opus est, ut turpia facta oratione tegant. ἀλλ̓ ἢν οἱ ἡγεμόνες . . . ζητήσει: “but if leaders, as now you, sum up in a short question and make decisions that apply to all, men will strive less with fair words to justify wrong deeds.” The verb ποιήσησθε is construed with ὑμεῖς instead of ἡγεμόνες. For similar const., cf. i. 82. 9; Xen. Cyrop. iv. 1. 3; Dem. iv. 2.—32. κεφαλαιώσαντες: the reference is to the βραχὺ ἐπερώτημα of c. 52. § 4.— πρὸς τοὺς ξύμπαντας: Cl., who construes these words with διαγνώμας ποιήσησθε, explains, “as a warning example to all.” Jow. thinks the reference is to the question being asked of all the captives without distinction. Steup thinks best to connect πρὸς τοὺς ξύμπαντας with κεφαλαιώσαντες, comparing i. 36. 14 βραχυτάτῳ κεφαλαίῳ τοῖς τε ξύμπασι καὶ καθ̓ ἕκαστον, which he renders, “with a very short summary for all as well as for each.” In that case the meaning would be, “having settled the main point (here the βραχὺ ἐπερώτημα) with reference to the interests of all the members of the alliance.” H. Weil (Revue de Philol. N. S. ii. p. 91 f.) would emend the passage so as to read, κεφαλαιώσαντες πρὸς τὸ ξύμπαν τὰς διαγνώμας ποιήσησθε, and this is adopted by v. H.—33. διαγνώμας ποιήσησθε: cf. c. 36. 4 περὶ τῶν ἀνδρῶν γνώμας ἐποι- οῦντο. For διαγνώμας, see on c. 42. l. — ἐπ̓ ἀδίκοις ἔργοις: ἐπί with dat. of conditioning circumstances, similar to ἐπὶ φανεροῖς, i. 69. 9; ἐπὶ τοῖς δεινοῖς, i. 70. 10.
Commentary on Thucydides Book 3 Edited on the basis of the Classen-Steup Edition. Charles F. Smith. Boston. Ginn & Company. 1894.
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