MARS ULTOR, TEMPLUM
（
ϝεώς):
a temple erected by Augustus on the
Capitol, and dedicated 12th May, 20 B.C., as a repository for the Roman
standards that had been recovered from the Parthians (Cass.
Dio liv. 8:
καὶ νεὼν ῎Αρεος τιμωροῦ- ἐν τῷ Καπιτωλίῳ κατὰ τὸ τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ φερετρίου ζήλωμα (that is, for the same use, cf. aedes Iovis Feretri)
πρὸς τὴν τῶν σημείων ἀνάθεσιν; Ov.
Fast. v. 579-580). The statement in the
Monumentum Ancyranum (v. 42:
ea autem signa in penetrali quod est
in templo Martis Ultoris reposui) is generally taken to refer to the temple
in the forum of Augustus (see p. 220), and, if so, the standards must have
been kept in this temple on the Capitol until the dedication of the other
in 2 B.C. (CIL i². p. 318). The temple is represented on coins of Augustus
(Cohen, Aug. 189-205; 278-282; BM.
Rep. ii. 27 sqq., 4406- 11, 4417-27;
426. 155; 551. 311=Aug. 315, 366-375, 384-389, 704) as a circular
domed structure on a high podium with four or six columns, within
which is either a figure of Hermes holding the standards, or the
standards without the figure (Altm. 50;
Jord. i. 2. 46;
Rosch. ii. 2392;
Gilb. iii. 229-230; Rodocanachi, Le Capitole 42).
