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*εἴδω , no Act. pres. in use, ὁράω being used:—Med., v.infr. A.11: aor. 2 εἶδον always in sense of
A.see (so in pres. and aor. 1 Med., to be seen, i.e. seem): but pf. οἶδα , in pres. sense, know. (With ἔ-ϝιδον, cf. (ϝείδομαι, (ϝεῖδος, Lat. videre; with (ϝοῖδα, cf. Skt. véda, Goth. wait, OE. wát 'know'.)
A. aor. 2 εἶδον (late “εἶδαOrph.A.118), serving as aor. to ὁράω, Ep. ἴδον, iter. “ἴδεσκεIl.3.217, late Aeol. “εὔιδονEpigr.Gr.990.11 (Balbilla); imper. ἴδε (in Att. written as Adv. ἰδέ, behold! Hdn.Gr.2.23), ἴδετε; subj. ἴδω, Ep. “ἴδωμιIl.18.63; opt. ἴδοιμι; inf. ἰδεῖν, Ep. ἰδέειν; part. ἰδών: hence, fut. “ἰδησῶTheoc.3.37:—Med., aor. 2 εἰδόμην, Ep. ἰδόμην, in same sense, poet., Ion., and later Prose (c. gen., Arat.430) (so in compds., even in Att. Prose, v. ἐπ-, προ-, ὑπ-ειδόμην); imper. ἰδοῦ (freq. written as Adv. ἰδού, = ἰδέ); subj. ἴδωμαι; opt. ἰδοίμην; inf. ἰδέσθαι; part. “ἰδόμενοςHdt.1.88, al.:
b. see a person, i.e. meet him, speak with him, Th.4.125, X.An.2.4.15, etc.
2. look, ἰδεῖν ἐς . . look at or towards, 2.271, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐπί . . 23.143; πρός . . Od.12.244; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι look him in the face, Il.9.373, etc.; “κατ᾽ ἐνῶπα ἰδών15.320; ἄντα, ἐσάντα, or ἄντην ἰδεῖν, 13.184, 17.334, Od.5.78, etc.: qualified by Adv. or Adj., ὑπόδρα ἰδών looking askance, Il.1.148, al.; ἀχρεῖον ἰδών looking helpless, 2.269; κέρδος ἰδεῖν look to gain, A.Eu. 541 (lyr.).
3. see mentally, perceive, ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν 'to see in his mind's eye', Il.21.61, cf. 4.249; “ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳPl.R.511a.
b. examine, investigate, Id.Phd.70e, Tht.192e; consider, “ἴδωμεν τί λέγομενId.Grg.455a.
II. Med., pres. εἴδομαι , Ep. “ἐείδεταιTheoc.25.58, part. “ἐειδόμενοςPi.N..10.15: aor. εἰσάμην, Ep. part. “ἐεισάμενοςIl. 2.22, al.:—only Ep.and Lyr., to be seen, appear, εἴδεται ἄστρα they are visible, appear, 8.559; “εἰ. ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι13.98; “εἴσατο δέ σφι δεξιός24.319; “ὅπη τὸ Ταρτάρειον εἴδεται βάθρονEpigr.Gr.1034.19 (Callipolis), cf. Od.5.283; perh. also οὔ πῃ χροὸς εἴσατο none of the skin was visible, Il.13.191.
2. c. inf., appear or seem to be, “τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι1.228; “τοῦτό τί μοι κάλλιστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶν εἴδεται εἶναιOd.9.11, etc.: with inf. omitted, “οἱ τό γε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ19.283, etc.; “οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεταιIl.14.472, cf. Theoc. 25.58; also, look like or make a show of . . , εἴσατ᾽ ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον he made a show of going to Lemnos, Od.8.283; εἴσατο δ᾽ ὡς ὅτε ῥινόν it had the look as of a shield, 5.281.
B. pf., οἶδα I see with the mind's eye, i.e. I know, used as pres.: plpf. ᾔδεα (v. infr.), I knew, used as impf.:—pf. οἶδα, Aeol. “ὄϊδαAlc. 145; 2sg. οἶδας once in Hom., Od.1.337, cf. h.Merc.456, Thgn.491, Hippon.89, Hp.Acut.67, E.Alc.780, Philem.44.3 codd.; οἶσθα elsewh. in Hom., Att., etc.; in Com. also sts. “οἶσθαςCratin.105, Alex.15.11, Men.348.5, cf. Herod.2.55; pl., ἴσμεν, Ep., Aeol., and Dor. ἴδμεν, also Ion., Hdt.1.6, al.; ἴστε, ἴσασι [ι^ς- Od.2.211, al., but ι_ς- ib.283, al.]; “οἴδαμενHdt.2.17, “οἴδατεAP12.81 (Mel.), “οἴδα_σιHdt.2.43, X.Oec. 20.14 codd.; dual, “οἴδατονSocr.Ep.22.1: imper. ἴσθι, ἴστω, Boeot. ἴττω, late “ἰδέτωPhalar.Ep.122 codd.: from 3pl. ἴσασι (“ἴσαντιEpich. 53) were formed Dor. 1sg. “ἴσα_μιEpich.254, Pi.P.4.248; 3sg. “ἴσατιIG14.644.4 (Bruttii); 1pl. “ἴσα^μενPi.N.7.14, ἴσαμες prob. in Dialex. 6.12; Cret. 3pl. subj. “ἴθθαντιGDI5024; inf. ϝισάμην Kohler-Ziebarth Stadtrecht von Gortyn 34 No.3.19; part. “ἴσαςA.D.Adv.175.19, dat. sg. “ἴσαντιPi.P.3.29, Cret. pl. “ἴθθαντεςGDI5024: subj. εἰδῶ εἰδέω, ἰδέω, Il.14.235, Od.16.236), Ion. 3pl. “εἰδέωσιSIG45.21 (Halic., V B.C.); Ep. also “εἴδωOd.1.174, al. (cf. Hdn. Gr.2.131), “εἴδομενIl.1.363, “εἴδετεOd.9.17: opt. εἰδείην, 1pl. “εἰδεῖμενPl.La.190b, R.582a: inf. εἰδέναι, Ep. ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, also “ἰδέμενPi.N.7.25: part. εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, Ep. also ἰδυῖα, Elean “ϝειζώςSchwyzer 409:—plpf. “ᾔδεαIl.14.71, Hdt.2.150, contr. “ᾔδηS.Ant.18, Ar.Av. 511, Pl.Smp.119a, “ᾔδησθαOd.19.93, Eup. 416, etc. (but ᾔδεισθα freq. in codd., Ar.Ec.551, E.Cyc.108, Pl.Men. 80d, al.), ᾔδεεν) Il.17.402, al., “ᾔδη1.70, al. (also later Att., acc. to Aristarch. ap. Choerob.in Theod.2.86), Att. contr. ᾔδειν) E.Ion1187, Ar.V.558, etc.; Ep. 2 and 3sg. ἠείδης, ἠείδη (v.l. -εις, - ει), Il.22.280, Od.9.206; Att. also 1sg. “ᾔδεινD.37.24, 2sg. “ᾔδειςAr.Th.554, etc.; pl., “ᾔδειμενAeschin.3.82, Arist.APo.87b40, “ᾔδεμενMen.14D. (to be read in S.OT1232), “ᾔδειτεD.55.9, etc. (ᾔδετε prob. in E.Ba. 1345), Ion. “ᾐδέατεHdt.9.58 (συν-)“, ᾔδεισανLXX Ge.42.23, Str.15.3.23, “ᾔδεσανHdt.7.175, Thgn.54, etc.; late Ep. ᾔδειν, ἠείδειν, A.R.2.65,4.1700, also ᾖσμεν, ᾖστε, ᾖσαν, Ar.Fr.149.4 (prob.), S.Fr.340, E. Cyc.231, etc.; Ep. 3pl. “ἴσανIl.18.405, Od.4.772:—fut., in this sense, “εἴσομαιIl.1.548, Hp.VM20, Ar.Ach.332, etc.; also “εἰδήσωOd.7.327, Hdt.7.234, Isoc.1.44, Aen.Tact.31.5, Arist.Top.108a28, Herod.5.78, Apollon.Perg.Con.1 Praef., etc.; inf. “εἰδησέμενOd.6.257.—The aor. and pf. are usu. supplied by γιγνώσκω; aor. 1 inf. εἰδῆσαι is found in Hp.Acut.(Sp.22, Epid.6.8.25 (ἐξ-), Arist.EN1156b27, Thphr.Char. Prooem.4; imper. “εἴδησονPCair.Zen.36.2 (iii B.C.); 3pl. subj. εἰδήσωσιν Herzog Koische Forschungen No.190 (ii/i B.C.):—know, have knowledge of, be acquainted with, Hom., etc.: c. acc. rei, “ὃς ᾔδη τά τ᾽ ἐόντα τά τ᾽ ἐσσόμενα πρό τ᾽ ἐόνταIl.1.70; νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε, Od.2.122, Il.18.363, etc.: less freq. c. acc. pers., “τούτους μὲν δὴ οἶδαOd.4.551, cf. Pl.R.365e, D.54.34, etc.; πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν the first we know of, Hdt.1.6, etc.; “παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμενTh.1.4: strengthd. by εὖ or σάφα, εὖ τόδ᾽ ἴσθι know well, be assured of this, E.Med.593; “σάφ᾽ οἶδ᾽ ἐγώA.Supp.740, etc.: freq. in Hom. with neut. Adj., to express character or disposition, ἄγρια οἶδε has fierceness in his heart, Il.24.41; ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη had law lessness in his heart, Od.9.189; αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη, 14.433, 19.248; εἴ μοι ἤπια εἰδείη if he were kindly disposed towards me, Il.16.73; “φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισινOd.3.277; κεχαρισμένα, πεπνυμένα εἰδώς, 8.584, 24.442: c. gen., “ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράωνIl. 12.229; “ὃς πάσης εἰδῇ σοφίης15.412; τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς cunning with the bow, 2.718; “αἰχμῆς ἐῢ εἰ.15.525; “οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώςOd.1.202; “ἐῢ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων5.250; “μάχης ἐῢ εἰδότε πάσηςIl.2.823; “κύνε εἰδότε θήρης10.360; “παῖδ᾽ ἔτ᾽ ἐόντ᾽ οὔ πω μάλα εἰδότε θούριδος ἀλκῆς11.710; “εἰδὼς πυγμαχίης23.665; “θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς6.438; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί acknowledge a debt to another, thank him, 14.235, Hdt.3.21, etc.: imper., freq. in protestations, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός be Zeus my witness, Il.10.329; “ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα15.36, etc.; Boeot. ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς etc., Ar.Ach.860, etc.: part. εἰδώς, abs., one who knows, one acquainted with the fact, “ἰδυίῃ πάντ᾽ ἀγορεύωIl.1.365; “μετ᾽ εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν10.250; “μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσινTh.2.36, cf. 3.53; “μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότοςPl.R.337d, etc.; also ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, Il.1.608,al.
2. c. inf., know how to do, “οἶδ᾽ ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν7.238, cf. S.Ph.1010, Ar.V.376; also, to be in a condition, be able, have the power, E.Med.664, D.4.40; of drugs, “ὅσα λεπτύνειν οἶδεAlex. Trall.Febr.6; of a festival, οἶδε ἐκπέμπουσα δάκνειν Chor.p.124 B.; learn, “ἵν᾽ εἰδῇ μὴ 'πὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς κακοῖς ὑψηλὸς εἶναιE.Hipp.729.
3. c. part., to know that such and such is the fact, the part. being in nom. when it is a predicate of the Subject of the Verb, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, A.Ag.1670; “ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανώνHdt.4.76; “οὐ γὰρ οἶδα δεσπότας κεκτημένοςE.Hec.397: in acc. when it is predicate of the Object, “τοὺς φιλτάτους γὰρ οἶδα νῷν ὄντας πικρούςA.Ch.234; “τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐκ περάτων γῆς ἐλθόνταTh.1.69: with part. omitted, γῆν αὐτὰ οἶδεν ἀμφότερα (sc. ὄντα) Jul.Or.7.226a.
6. οὐκ οἶδ᾽ εἰ . . I know not whether, to express disbelief or doubt, sts. with ἄν transposed, “οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμί σεE. Alc.48, cf. D.45.7: with Verb omitted after εἰ, as οὐκ οἶδ᾽ εἴ τις ἄλλος perhaps no other, Isoc.6.1, 12.10.
7. in similar ellipses with other Conjunctions, οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὅπως I know not how, Pl.R.40cb; “οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὁπόθενId.Cra.396d.
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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (181):
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