A.“φύεν” Il.14.347: fut. φύσω [υ_] 1.235, S.OT438: aor. “ἔφυ_σα” Od.10.393, etc.:—Pass. and Med., 9.109, Pi.O.4.28, etc.: fut. “φύσομαι” A.Pr.871, Hp.Mochl.42, Pl.Lg.831a, etc.: similar in sense are the intr. tenses, pf. “πέφυ_κα” Od.7.114, etc., Ep.3pl. “πεφύα_σι” Il.4.484, Od.7.128; 3sg. subj. πεφύῃ （ἐμ-) Thgn.396; Ep. part. fem. πεφυυῖα （ἐμ-) Il.1.513, acc. pl. “πεφυῶτας” Od.5.477; Dor. inf. “πεφύκειν” Epich.173.3: plpf. “ἐπεφύκειν” X.Cyr.5.1.9, Pl.Ti. 69e; Ep. “πεφύκειν” Il.4.109; Ep. 3pl. “ἐπέφυ_κον” Hes.Th.152, Op.149: aor. 2 ἔφυ_ν (as if from φῦμι) Od.10.397, etc.: Ep. 3sg. “φῦ” Il.6.253, etc., 3pl. ἔφυν (for ἔφυ_σαν, which is also 3pl. of aor. 1) Od.5.481, etc.; subj. φύω or “φυῶ” E.Fr.377.2, Pl.R.415c, 597c, Hp.Carn.12; 3sg. opt. “φύη” Theoc.15.94, (συμ-) Sor.2.89; inf. φῦναι, Ep. “φύμεναι” Theoc. 25.39, “φῦν” Parm.8.10; part. “φύς” Od.18.410, etc., Boeot. fem. “φοῦσα” Corinn.21: ἔφυσεν, = ἔφυ, dub. in IG14.2126.5 (Rome); conversely ἔφυ, = ἔφυσεν, ib.3.1350, Sammelb.5883 (Cyrene): later, fut. “φυήσω” LXXIs.37.31, Pass. “φυήσομαι” Gp.2.37.1, Them.Or.21.248c (in Luc. JTr.19 ἀναφύσεσθαι is restored): aor. 2 Pass. “ἐφύην” J.AJ18.1.1, prob. in BSA28.124 (Didyma), (ἀν-) Thphr.HP4.16.2; inf. “φυῆναι” Dsc.2.6, (ἀνα-) D.S.1.7; part. “φυ^είς” Hp.Nat.Puer.22, Trag.Adesp. 529, PTeb.787.30 (ii B. C.), Ev.Luc.8.6: aor. 1 Pass. “συμ-φυθείς” Gal. 7.725. [Generally υ^ before a vowel, Ep., Trag. (A.Th.535, S.Fr. 910.2), etc., υ_ before a consonant; but “φυ?ει” Trag.Adesp.454.2, “φυ?εται” S.Fr.88.4, Trag.Adesp.543 ( = Men.565); “φυ?ομεν” Ar.Av.106; ἐφυ?ετο prob. in Ar.Fr.680, cf. Nic.Al.14, D.P.941, 1013; even in thesi, “προσφυ?ονται” Nic.Al.506, “φυ?ουσιν” D.P.1031; also in compds.]
A. trans., in pres., fut., and aor. 1 Act.:—bring forth, produce, put forth, “φύλλα . . ὕλη τηλεθόωσα φύει” Il.6.148; “τοῖσι δ᾽ ὑπὸ χθὼν δῖα φύεν νεοθηλέα ποίην” 14.347, cf. 1.235, Od.7.119, etc.; “ἄμπελον φύει βροτοῖς” E.Ba.651; so τρίχες . . , ἃς πρὶν ἔφυσεν φάρμακον made the hair grow, Od.10.393, cf. A.Th.535; “φ. χεῖρε, πόδε, ὀφθαλμὰ ἀνθρώποις” X.Mem.2.3.19; of a country, “καρπόν τε θωμαστὸν φύειν καὶ ἄνδρας ἀγαθούς” Hdt.9.122; “ὅσα γῆ φύει” Pl.R.621a, cf. Anaxag.4.
2. beget, engender, E.Ph.869, etc.; “Ἄτλας . . θεῶν μιᾶς ἔφυσε Μαῖαν” E. Ion3, cf. Trag.Adesp.454.2; so of God creating man, Antipho 4.1.2, cf. Plu.2.1065c; ὁ φύσας the begetter, father (opp. ὁ φύς the son, v. infr. B.1.2), S.OT1019, Ar.V.1472 (lyr.); “ὁ φ. πατήρ” E.Hel.87; “ὁ φ. χἠ τεκοῦσα” Id.Alc.290; “τὴν τεκοῦσαν ἢ τὸν φύσαντα” Lys.10.8; of both parents, “γονεῦσι οἵ σ᾽ ἔφυσαν” S.OT436; “οἱ φύσαντες” E.Ph.34, cf. Fr. 403.2; “φ. τε καὶ γεννᾶν” Pl.Plt.274a; “ὦ γάμοι γάμοι, ἐφύσαθ᾽ ἡμᾶς” S.OT 1404; ἥδ᾽ ἡμέρα φύσει σε will bring to light thy birth, ib.438; “χρόνος φύει τ᾽ ἄδηλα καὶ φανέντα κρύπτεται” Id.Aj.647.
3. of individuals in reference to the growth of parts of themselves, φ. πώγωνα, γλῶσσαν, κέρεα, grow or get a beard, etc., Hdt.8.104, 2.68, 4.29; “φ. πτερά” Ar. Av.106, Pl.Phdr.251c; “σάρκα” Id.Ti.74e; φ. τρίχας, πόδας καὶ πτερά, etc., Arist.HA518a33, 554a29, etc.: for the joke in φύειν φράτερας, v. φράτηρ.
4. metaph., φρένας φῦσαι get understanding, S.OC 804, El.1463 (but also “θεοὶ φύουσιν ἀνθρώποις φρένας” Id.Ant.683): prov., ἁλιεὺς πληγεὶς νοῦν φύσει 'once bit, twice shy', Sch.Pl.Smp. 222b; “γέροντα τὸν νοῦν σάρκα δ᾽ ἡβῶσαν φύει” A.Th.622; δόξαν φῦσαι get glory or to form a high opinion of oneself, Hdt.5.91; “θεὸς . . αἰτίαν φύει βροτοῖς” A.Niob.in PSI11.1208.15; “αὑτῷ πόνους φῦσαι” S. Ant.647.
II. in pres. seemingly intr., put forth shoots, “εἰς ἔτος ἄλλο φύοντι” Mosch.3.101; “δρύες . . φύοντι” Theoc.7.75, cf. 4.24: so ἀνδρῶν γενεὴ ἡ μὲν φύει ἡ δ᾽ ἀπολήγει one generation is putting forth scions, the other is ceasing to do so, Il.6.149; ἐν στήθεσι φύει (fort. φυίει) grows up, appears, Alc.97; “ῥίζα ἄνω φύουσα ἐν χολῇ” LXXDe. 29.18.
B. Pass., with intr. tenses of Act., aor. 2, pf. and plpf., grow, wax, spring up or forth, esp. of the vegetable world, “θάμνος ἔφυ ἐλαίης” Od.23.190, cf. 5.481; “πρασιαὶ παντοῖαι πεφύασιν” 7.128; “τά γ᾽ ἄσπαρτα φύονται” 9.109, cf. Il.4.483, 14.288, 21.352; “φύεται αὐτόματα ῥόδα” Hdt.8.138, cf. 1.193; “ὑπὸ φηγῷ πεφυκυίῃ” growing there, Id.2.56; πεφυκότα δένδρα trees growing there, X.Cyr.4.3.5; “τὰ φυόμενα καὶ τὰ γιγνόμενα” Pl.Cra.410d, cf. Phd.110d, Plt.272a; τοῦ κέρα ἐκ κεφαλῆς ἑκκαιδεκάδωρα πεφύκει from his head grew horns sixteen palms long, Il.4.109, cf. Hdt.1.108, 3.133; “φύονται πολιαί” Pi.O.4.28; κεφαλαὶ πεφυκυῖαι θριξί grown with hair, D.S.2.50 (s. v.l.); “πέφυκε λίθος ἐν αὐτῇ” is produced, X.Vect.1.4: metaph., νόσημα ἐν ὀλιγαρχίᾳ φυόμενον, φυομένη πόλις, Pl.R.564b, Lg.757d; ὁ σπέρμα παρασχών, οὗτος τῶν φύντων αἴτιος [κακῶν] of the things produced, D.18.159; also κατὰ πάντων ἐφύετο waxed great by or upon their depression, ib. 19. —In this sense aor. 2 is rare (v. supr.), exc. in phrases such as ἔν τ᾽ ἄρα οἱ φῦ χειρί (v. ἐμφύω), Od.2.302.
2. of persons, to be begotten or born, most freq. in aor. 2 and pf., “ὁ λωφήσων οὐ πέφυκέ πω” A.Pr. 27; “τίς ἂν εὔξαιτο βροτὸς ὢν ἀσινεῖ δαίμονι φῦναι;” Id.Ag.1342 (anap.); μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾷ λόγον not to be born is best, S.OC1224 (lyr.); γονῇ πεφυκὼς . . γεραιτέρᾳ ib.1294; “οὐχ ὑπὸ θυσιῶν οὐδ᾽ ὑπὸ εὐχῶν φύς” Pl.R.461a; φύς τε καὶ τραφείς ib.396c; “μήπω φῦναι μηδὲ γενέσθαι” X.Cyr.5.1.7, cf. Pl.Smp.197a: construed with gen., πεφμκέναι or φῦναί τινος to be born or descended from any one, “τὸ κοινὸν σπλάγχνον οὗ πεφύκαμεν” A.Th.1036, cf. S.OC1379, etc.; “θνατᾶς ἀπὸ ματρὸς ἔφυ” Pi.Fr.61, cf. S.OT1359 (lyr.), Ant.562; “ἀπ᾽ εὐγενοῦς ῥίζης” E.IT610; “ἀπὸ δρυός” Pl.Ap.34d, etc.; “φ. ἔκ τινος” S.OT 458, E.Heracl.325, Pl.R.415c, etc.; “ἐκ χώρας τινός” Isoc.4.24, etc.; οἱ μετ᾽ ἐκείνου φύντες, opp. οἱ ἐξ ἐκείνου γεγονότες, Is.8.30; “ἐκ θεῶν γεγονότι . . διὰ βασιλέων πεφυκότι” X.Cyr.7.2.24.
II. in pres., become, οὐδεὶς ἐχθρὸς οὔτε φύεται πρὸς χρήμαθ᾽ οἵ τε φύντες . . S.Fr. 88.4; “πιστοὺς φύσει φύεσθαι” X.Cyr.8.7.13; the pf. and aor. 2 take a pres. sense, to be so and so by nature, κακός, σοφός πέφυκα （-κώς), etc., S.Ph.558, 1244, etc.; “δρᾶν ἔφυν ἀμήχανος” Id.Ant.79; φύντ᾽ ἀρετᾷ born for virtue, i.e. brave and good by nature, Pi.O.10(11).20; so of things, “τὸ μὲν εὖ πράσσειν ἀκόρεστον ἔφυ” A.Ag.1331 (anap.), cf. Pl.Grg.479d, etc.; “εὐχροώτεροι ὁρῷντο ἢ πεφύκασιν” X.Cyr.8.1.41, cf. Oec.10.2; [“τὸ πῦρ] πέφυκε τοιοῦτον” Id.Cyr.5.1.10; “τἄλλα ἕκαστος ἡμῶν, ὅπως ἔτυχε, πέφυκεν” D.37.56: with Advs., ἱκανῶς πεφυκότες of good natural ability, Antipho 2.1.1; “δυσκόλως πεφ.” Isoc.9.6; “οὕτως πεφ.” X.HG7.1.7; also “οἱ καλῶς πεφυκότες” S.El.989, cf. Lys.2.20; “οἱ βέλτιστα φύντες” Pl.R.431c: then, simply, to be so and so, “φῦναι Ζηνὶ πιστὸν ἄγγελον” A.Pr.969; “θεοῦ μήτηρ ἔφυς” Id.Pers.157 (troch.); “γυναῖκε . . ἔφυμεν” S.Ant.62; Ἅιδης ὁ παύσων ἔφυ ib.575; “ἁπλοῦς ὁ μῦθος τῆς ἀληθείας ἔφυ” E.Ph.469: c. part., “νικᾶν . . χρῄζων ἔφυν” S.Ph. 1052; “πρέπων ἔφυς . . φωνεῖν” Id.OT9, cf. 587; “τοῦτο ἴδιον ἔφυμεν ἔχοντες” Isoc.4.48, cf. 11.41, X.Smp.4.54.
2. c. inf., to be formed or disposed by nature to do so and so, “τὰ δεύτερα πέφυκε κρατεῖν” Pi.Fr.279; “πολλῷ γ᾽ ἀμείνων τοὺς πέλας φρενοῦν ἔφυς ἢ σαυτόν” A.Pr.337; “ἔφυν γὰρ οὐδὲν ἐκ τέχνης πράσσειν κακῆς” S.Ph.88, cf. Ant.688; “φύσει μὴ πεφυκότα τοιαῦτα φωνεῖν” Id.Ph.79; “πεφύκασι δ᾽ ἅπαντες . . ἁμαρτάνειν” Th.3.45, cf. 2.64, 3.39, 4.61, etc.; “πέφυκε . . τρυφὴ . . ἦθος διαφθείρειν” Jul.Or.1.15c.
3. with Preps., γυνὴ . . ἐπὶ δακρύοις ἔφυ is by nature prone to tears, E.Med.928; ἔρως γὰρ ἀργόν, κἀπὶ τοῖς ἀργοῖς ἔφυ is inclined to idleness, Id.Fr.322; also “ἐπί τι” Pl.R.507e; “εἴς τι” Aeschin.3.132; most freq. “πρός τι, οἱ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς τὸ ἀληθὲς πεφύκασι” Arist.Rh.1355a16; “εὖ πρὸς ἀρετὴν πεφυκότες” X. Mem.4.1.2; “πρὸς πόλεμον μᾶλλον . . ἢ πρὸς εἰρήνην” Pl.R.547e; “κάλλιστα φ. πρός τι” X.HG7.1.3, etc.; also “πρός τινι” Id.Ath.2.19 (s. v.l., cf. Plb.9.29.10); also “εὖ πεφ. κατά τι” D.37.55.
4. c. dat., fall to one by nature, be one's natural lot, “πᾶσι θνατοῖς ἔφυ μόρος” S.El. 860 (lyr.); “χαίρειν πέφυκεν οὐχὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἀεί” Id.Tr.440; “ἐφύετο κοινὸς πᾶσι κίνδυνος” D.60.18, cf. X.Cyr.4.3.19.
6. abs., ὡς πέφυκε as is natural, X.Cyn.6.15, al.; “ᾗ πέφυκεν” Pl.Ti.81e; also expressed personally, “τοῖς ἁπλῶς, ὡς πεφυκασι, βαδίζουσι” D.45.68: also freq. in part., τὰ φύσει πεφυκότα the order of nature, Lys.2.29; φύντα, opp. ὁμολογηθέντα, Antipho Soph. 44Ai 32 (Vorsokr.5); ἄνθρωπος πεφυκώς man as he is, X.Cyr.1.1.3. (Cf. Skt. bhū- 'to be, become', Lith. búti 'to be', Lat. fui, Eng. be, etc.)
