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ὁράω , contr. ὁρῶ even in Il.3.234, Ep. ὁρόω 5.244, etc.; Aeol. ὄρημι (q. v.); Ion. ὁρέω Hdt.1.80, etc., 2sg.
A.ὁρῇςHerod.2.67, al., 3sg. “ὁρῇHp.Carn.17, Vid.Ac.I; inf. “ὁρῆνDemocr.11, Hp.Carn.2 (but 2sg. “ὁρᾷςArchil.87, 3sg. “ὁρᾷSemon.7.80, cf. “κατορᾷHdt.2.38; 1pl. “ὁρῶμενId.5.40; 3pl. ὁρῶσι ἐπ-) Id.1.124; inf. ὁρᾶν ib.33, 2.64): the forms ὁρῇς, ὁρῇ, ὁρῆν (exc. when found in Dor., as IG42(1).122.2, 15,47 (Epid., iv B. C.); impf. 3sg. ἑώρη ib.28,70) seem to imply ὁρή-ω (cf. ὄρημι), but ὁρᾷ, ὁρῶμεν, ὁρῶσι, etc. imply ὁρα^-ω: Att. impf. “ἑώρωνTh.1.51, Ar.Pl.713, Nu.354, (ἐ-) SIG344.110 (Teos, iv B. C.); Ion. 3sg. “ὥραHdt.1.11, 3.72, 1pl. ὡρῶμεν (v.l. ὁρῶμεν) Id.2.131,2pl. “ὡρᾶτεId.7.8.β᾽, 3pl. “ὥρωνId.4.3, etc.; Ep. 3sg. “ὅραIl.16.646, cf. ὄρημι: pf. ἑόρα_κα, a form required by the metre in many passages, as Ar.Th. 32, 33, Av.1573, Pl.98, 1045, Eup.181.3, Alex.272.1, Men.Epit.166, Pk.270, Bato 5.11, etc., whereas the metre never requires ἑώρακα; whence ἑόρακα, -άκη ought always to be restored in early Att. writers, though ἑώρακα was used in later Gr., PPetr.2p.55 (iii B. C.), SIG685.74 (ii B. C.), UPZ119.43 (ii B. C.), cf. Theognost.Can.150 (ἑώρακε<ν> is prob. in Men.5 D.): ἑωρ- in the impf. prob. comes from ἠ- ϝορ- (with a long form of the augment, cf. ἠειδ- ᾐδ-) in impf. of οἶδα, while ἑορ- in the pf. comes from ϝε-ϝορ-, v. infr.: Ion. pf. “ὁρώρηκαHerod.4.77, al., also ὥρηκα ib.40 ; Dor. pf. part. “ὡρακυῖαIG42(1).122.6 (Epid., iv B. C.); 1sg. ὥρακα Baillet Inscr. destombeaux des rois 1210: an aor. 1 ἐσορήσαις only f.l. in Orph.Fr.247.16:—Med. ὁράομαι, contr. ὁρῶμαι even in Il.13.99 ; Ep. 2sg. “ὅρηαιOd.14.343 (v. ὄρημι): impf. ἑωρώμην, also ὡρώμην προ-) Act.Ap.2.25, Ep. 3sg. “ὁρᾶτοIl.1.56:—Pass., pf. “ἑώραμαιIsoc.15.110, D.54.16 : aor. ἑωράθην only in late Prose, D.S.20.6 ; inf. “ὁρα_θῆναιArist.MA699b19, Pl.Def.411b, Luc.Jud.Voc. 6, etc.: fut. “ὁραθήσομαιGal.UP10.12 : verb. Adj. ὁρα_τός, ὁρα_τέον (qq. v.).—Hom. uses contr. forms, as ὁρῶ, ὁρᾷς, ὁρᾷ, ὅρα, ὁρᾶν, ὁρῶν, ὁρῶμαι, ὁρᾶται, ὁρᾶσθαι, ὁρώμενος, as well as lengthd. Ep. ὁρόω, ὁράᾳς, ὁράασθαι, ὁρόων, 2pl. opt. “ὁρόῳτεIl.4.347, etc. ; besides these forms from ὁρα- ὁρη-) we have
II. from root ὀπ- (v. ὄψ) the only fut. in use, ὄψομαι, always in act. sense, Il.24.704, and Att., Ep. 2sg. “ὄψεαι8.471, Od.24.511: a rare aor. 1 ἐπ-όψατο in Pi.Fr.88.6 (for ἐπιώψατο, v. ἐπιόψομαι); subj. “ὄψησθεEv.Luc.13.28 (where the v.l. ὄψεσθε may be right): pf. “ὄπωπαIl.6.124, Od.21.94, Emp.109, Hdt. 3.37,63, Hp.Art.1, Carn.17; Trag. and Com., as A.Eu.57, S.Ant.6, al., Ar.Lys.1157,1225, never in Att. Prose: plpf. 3sg. “ὀπώπειOd.21.123, “ὀπώπεεHdt.5.92.ζ᾽; “ὀπώπεσανId.7.125 :—Pass., aor. 1 ὤφθην S.Ant.709, E.Hec.970, Th.4.73, etc. ; opt. (Ion.) “ὀφθείησανHdt.8.7 ; part. ὀφθείς, inf. ὀφθῆναι, Id.1.9,10 (for ἐπι-οφθέντας, v. ἐπιόψομαι): fut. “ὀφθήσομαιS.Tr.452, E.HF1155, And.2.10, Lys.3.34 : pf. “ὦμμαιIs.Fr.165, “ὦψαιD.18.263, “ὦπταιA.Pr.998, D.24.66; cf. ὀπτέον.
III. from ϝιδ- are formed aor. Act. εἶδον, inf. ἰδεῖν : aor. Med. εἰδόμην, inf. ἰδέσθαι : pf. with pres. sense οἶδα I know, inf. εἰδέναι : verb. Adj. ἰστέος (for these tenses, v. Εἴδω). (ὁρ- prob. from ϝορ-, as indicated by the impf. and pf. forms ; cf. βῶροι (i.e. ϝῶροι), Engl. (a)ware.)
0-0.Senses:
2. have sight, opp. μὴ ὁρᾶν, to be blind, S.Aj.84 ; ὅσ᾽ ἂν λέγωμεν, πάνθ᾽ ὁρῶντα λέξομεν [though I am blind,] my words shall have eyes, i.e. shall be to the purpose, Id.OC74 ; ἐν σκότῳ . . οὓς μὲν οὐκ ἔδει ὀψοίαθ᾽, i.e. should be blind, Id.OT1274; ἀμβλύτερον ., opp. ὀξύτερον βλέπειν, Pl.R.596a ; ἐπὶ σμικρὸν . to be short-sighted, Id.Tht.174e; “. βραχύ τιId.R.488b.
3. see to, look to, i.e. take or give heed, Il.10.239 ; . εἰς γλῶσσαν . . ἀνδρός look to, pay heed to, Sol.11.7, cf. A.Supp.104 (lyr.): freq. in imper., like βλέπε, folld. by a dependent clause, “ὅρα ὅπως . . Ar.Ec.300, cf.Th.5.27; ὅρα εἰ . . see whether . . , A.Pr.997, Pl.Phd.118, etc.; also “ὅρα μὴ . . S.Ph. 30,519, etc.; ὅρα τί ποιεῖς ib.589 ; “πῶς . . ὑπερδικεῖς, ὅραA.Eu.652.
4. ὁρᾷς; ὁρᾶτε; see'st thou? d'ye see? parenthetically, esp. in explanations, Ar.Nu.355, Th.490, etc.; “ὡς ὁρᾷςS.El.1114, Tr.365 ; also ὁρᾷς; at the beginning of a sentence, Id.El.628, E.Andr.87 ; ἀλλ᾽ὁρᾷς; but, do you see . . ?, Pl.Prt.336b; “ὁρᾷς οὖν . . ὅτιId.Grg.475e ; οὐχ ὁρᾷς; ironically, D.18.232.
II. trans., see an object, behold, perceive, observe, c. acc., freq. in Hom., etc.: pf. ὄπωπα exclusively in this sense, Il.2.799, Od.21.94, etc. ; ὀφθαλμοῖσιν or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶν to see with or before the eyes, Il.24.392, Od.8.459, etc. ; αἰεὶ τέρμ᾽ ὁρόων always keeping it in sight, keeping his eye on it, Il.23.323 ; φίλως χ᾽ ὁρόῳτε καὶ εἰ δέκα πύργοι Ἀχαιῶν . . μαχοίατο, i.e. δέκα πύργους, εἰ μαχοίατο, 4.347 ; . τινά look to (for aid), D.45.64 : in signfs. 1 and 11 combined, οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὁρῶν τάδε; A.Ag.1623, cf. D.25.89.
2. see to,ἴδε πῶμαOd.8.443 ; look out for, provide,τινί τιS.Aj. 1165 (anap.), Theoc.15.2 ; “πρόβατον εἰς ὁλοκάρπωσινLXX Ge.22.8.
3. the inf. is used after an Adj., “δεινὸς ἰδεῖνSol.13.6 ; “εὐφεγγὴς ἰδεῖνA. Pers.387, cf. 398, Ch.174, 176, al. (cf. “ΕἴδωA.1.1 a) ; ἐχθίστου . . ὁρᾶν most hateful to behold, S.Aj.818 ; “ πάτερ δύσμοιρ᾽ ὁρᾶνId.OC327 ; “ὁρᾶν στυγνὸς ἦνX.An.2.6.9:—Med. or Pass., “αἰσχρὸς ὁρᾶσθαιId.Cyn. 3.3 : with an Adv., “μὴ διχορρόπως ἰδεῖνA.Ag.349 : with a Subst., “ἄνδρα τευχηστὴν ἰδεῖνId.Th.644 : with a Verb, “πρέπουσι . . ἰδεῖνId.Supp.720, cf. S.OT792.
4. Med. is used by Poets like Act., Il.13.99, A.Pers.179, Ch.407 (lyr.), S.Ant.594 (lyr.), Tr.306, Cratin.138, etc., v. supr. 11.1 b, c: but in Prose Med. occurs only in compds., as προ-ορῶμαι: for the imper. ἰδοῦ, ἰδού, v. ἰδοῦ.
b. no Pass. is used by Hom.; in Att. the Pass. has the sense to be seen, A.Pr.998,Eu.411, etc.: c. part., ὤφθημεν ὄντες ἄθλιοι was seen in my wretchedness, E. IT933 ; “ὀφθήσεται διώκωνhe will prove to be . . , Pl.Phdr.239c, cf. Smp. 178e; τὰ ὁρώμενα all that is seen, things visible, like τὰ ὁρατά, Id.Prm. 130a.
III. metaph., of mental sight, discern, perceive, S.El.945, etc.; so blind Oedipus says, φωνῇ γὰρ ὁρῶ, τὸ φατιζόμενον I see by sound, as the saying is, Id.OC138 (anap.); “ἂν οἴνου . . ὀσμὴν ἴδωσινAlex.222.4 ; cf. supr. 1.4, “δέρκομαι1.2.
IV. abs., see visions, ἀληθινῶς ὁρῶνLXX Nu.24.3,15 :—Pass., appear in a vision, ὤφθη ἄγγελος πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα ib.Jd.13.3.
V. interview, ἐμνήσθης μοι ἰδεῖν τὸν κεραμέα περὶ τῶν κεραμίων you told me to see the potter about the jars, PCair.Zen.264 (iii B.C.).
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