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πούς , , ποδός, ποδί, πόδα (not ποῦν, Thom.Mag.p.257 R.): dat.pl. ποσί, Ep.and Lyr. ποσσί (also Cratin.100(lyr.)), πόδεσσι, once
A.πόδεσιS.Fr.240(lyr.): gen.and dat. dual ποδοῖν, Ep.“ποδοῖινIl.18.537:—Dor. nom. πός (cf. ἀρτίπος, πούλυπος, etc.) Lyr.Adesp.72, but πούς Tab.Heracl.2.34 (perh. Hellenistic); πῶς: πός, ὑπὸ Δωριέων, Hsch. (fort. πός: πούς, .Δ.); Lacon. πόρ , Id. (on the accent v. Hdn.Gr.2.921, A.D. Adv.134.24):—foot, both of men and beasts, Il.7.212, 8.339 (both pl.), etc.; in pl., also, a bird's talons, Od.15.526; arms or feelers of a polypus, Hes.Op.524: properly the foot from the ankle down wards, Il.17.386; “ταρσὸς ποδός11.377, 388; ξύλινος π., of an artificial foot, Hdt.9.37: but also of the leg with the foot, as χείρ for the arm and hand, Il.23.772, Od.4.149, Luc.Alex.59.
2. foot as that with which one runs, “πόδας ὠκὺς ἈχιλλεύςIl.1.215, al.; or walks, “τῷ δ᾽ ὑπὸ ποσσὶ μέγας πελεμίζετ᾽ Ὄλυμπος8.443; freq. with reference to swiftness, “περιγιγνόμεθ᾽ ἄλλων πύξ τε . . ἠδὲ πόδεσσινOd.8.103; ποσὶν ἐρίζειν to race on foot, Il.13.325, cf. 23.792; “πόδεσσι πάντας ἐνίκα20.410, cf. Od.13.261; “ἀέθλια ποσσὶν ἄροντοIl.9.124, etc.; ποδῶν τιμά, αἴγλα, ἀρετά, ὁρμά, Pi.O.12.15, 13.36, P.10.23, B.9.20; “ἅμιλλαν ἐπόνει ποδοῖνE.IA213 (lyr.): the dat. ποσί ποσσί, πόδεσσι) is added to many Verbs denoting motion, π. βήσετο, παρέδραμον, Il.8.389, 23.636; π. θέειν, πηδᾶν, σκαίρειν, πλίσσεσθαι, ib.622,21.269, 18.572, Od.6.318; “ὀρχεῖσθαιHes.Th.3; “ἔρχεσθαιOd.6.39; “πάρος ποσὶν οὖδας ἱκέσθαι8.376; “νέρθε δὲ ποσσὶν ἤϊε μακρὰ βιβάςIl.7.212; also emphatically with Verbs denoting to trample or tread upon,πόσσι καταστείβοισιSapph.94; “ἐπεμβῆναι ποδίS.El.456; πόδα βαίνειν, v. βαίνω A.11.4; πόδα τιθέναι to journey, Ar.Th.1100: metaph., νόστιμον ναῦς ἐκίνησεν πόδα started on its homeward way, E.Hec.940 (lyr.); νεῶν λῦσαι ποθοῦσιν οἴκαδ᾽ . . πόδα ib.1020; χειρῶν ἔκβαλλον ὀρείους πόδας ναός, i. e. oars, Tim.Pers. 102; φωνὴ τῶν π. τοῦ ὑετοῦ sound of the pattering of rain, LXX 3 Ki. 18.41.
3. as a point of measurement, ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς from head to foot, Il.18.353; “ἐκ κεφαλῆς ἐς πόδας ἄκρους16.640; and reversely, “ἐκ ποδῶν δ᾽ ἄνω . . εἰς ἄκρον κάραA.Fr.169; “ἐκ τῶν ποδῶν ἐς τὴν κεφαλήν σοιAr.Pl.650; also “ἐκ τριχὸς ἄχρι ποδῶνAP5.193 (Posidipp. or Asclep.); ἐς κορυφὰν ἐκ ποδός ib.7.388 (Bianor).
b. παρά or πὰρ ποδός off-hand, at once,ἀνελέσθαι πὰρ ποδόςThgn.282; “γνόντα τὸ πὰρ ποδόςPi.P.3.60, cf.10.62; “πὰρ ποδίclose at hand, Id.O.1.74; but παραὶ ποσὶ κάππεσε θυμός sank to their feet, Il.15.280; “παρὰ πόδαin a moment, S.Ph.838 (lyr.), Pl.Sph.242a; close behind, Νέμεσις δέ γε πὰρ πόδας (leg. πόδα βαίνει Prov. ap. Suid.; also “παρὰ πόδαςimmediately afterwards Plb.1.35.3,5.26.13, Gal.5.272; “παρὰ π. οἱ ἔλεγχοιLuc.Hist. Conscr.13, cf. Aristid.2.115 J.; “τὰ ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ καὶ παρὰ πόδαςat his very feet, Pl.Tht.174a; περὶ τῶν παρὰ πόδας καὶ τῶν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ib.c; “τὸ πλησίον καὶ παρὰ π.Luc.Cal.1.
e. all these phrases are opp. ἐκ ποδῶν out of the way, far off, written “ἐκποδώνHdt.6.35, etc.; also, “βίαια πάντ᾽ ἐκ ποδὸς ἐρύσαιςPi.N.7.67.
5. to denote close pursuit, ἐκ ποδὸς ἕπεσθαι follow in the track, i.e. close behind, Plb.3.68.1, cf. D.S.20.57, D.H.2.33, etc.; “ἐκ ποδῶν διώξαντεςPlu.Pel.11.
b. in earlier writers κατὰ πόδας on the heels of a person, Hdt.5.98, Th.3.98, 8.17, X.HG2.1.20, LXXGe.49.19 (also “κατὰ πόδα ὑπολαβεῖνon the moment, Pl.Sph. 243d); κατὰ πόδας ἡμέρα the very next day, Plb.1.12.1 (but κατὰ πόδας αἱρεῖν catch it running, X.Cyr.1.6.40, cf. Mem.2.6.9): c. gen. pers., κατὰ πόδας τινὸς ἐλαύνειν, ἰέναι, march, come close at his heels, on his track, Hdt.9.89, Th.5.64; τῇ κατὰ π. ἡμέρᾳ τῆς ἐκκλησίας on the day immediately after it, Plb.3.45.5; “κατὰ π. τῆς μάχηςAristid. 1.157J., etc.
6. various phrases:
a.ἀνὰ πόδαbackwards, Hsch.
b. ἐπὶ πόδα backwards facing the enemy, ἐπὶ π. ἀναχωρεῖν, ἀνάγειν, ἀναχάζεσθαι, to retire without turning to fly, leisurely, X.An. 5.2.32, Cyr.3.3.69, 7.1.34, etc.; also “ἐπὶ πόδαςLuc.Pisc.12; but γίνεται ἔξοδος οἷον ἐπὶ πόδας the offspring is as it were born feetforemost, Arist.GA752b14.
g. τὴν ὑπὸ πόδα [κατάστασιν] just below them, Plb.2.68.9; ὑπὸ πόδας τίθεσθαι trample under foot, scorn, Plu.2.1097c; οἱ ὑπὸ πόδα those next below them (in rank), Onos.25.2; ὑπὸ πόδα χωρεῖν recede, decline, of strength, Ath. Med. ap.Orib. inc.21.16.
h. for ὀρθῷ ποδί, v. ὀρθός 11.1.
k. ἁλιεῖς ἀπὸ ποδός prob. fishermen who fish from the land, not from boats, BGU221.5 (i1/iii A. D.); ποτίσαι ἀπὸ ποδός perh. irrigate by the feet (of oxen turning the irrigation-wheel), PRyl.157.21 (ii A. D.); τόπον . . ἀπὸ ποδὸς ἐξηρτισμένον dub. sens. in POsl.55.11 (ii/iii A. D.).
1.ἀγγεῖον . . τρήματα ἐκ τῶν ὑπὸ ποδὸς ἔχονround the bottom, Dsc.2.72.
II. metaph., of things, foot, lowest part, esp. foot of a hill, Il.2.824, 20.59 (pl.), Pi.P.11.36, etc.; of a table, couch, etc., Ar.Fr.530, X.Cyr.8.8.16, etc.; cf. πέζα; of the side strokes at the foot of the letter Ω, Callias ap.Ath.10.454a; = ποδεών 11.1, “ἀσκοῦ . . λῦσαι π.E.Med.679.
2. in a ship, πόδες are the two lower corners of the sail, or the ropes fastened therelo, by which the sails are tightened or slackened, sheets (cf. “ποδεών” 11.4), Od.5.260; χαλᾶν πόδα ease off the sheet, as is done when a squall is coming, E.Or.707; τοῦ ποδὸς παρίει let go hold of it, Ar.Eq.436; “ἐκδοῦναι ὀλίγον τοῦ ποδόςLuc.Cont.3; ἐκπετάσουσι πόδα ναός (with reference to the sail), E.IT1135 (lyr.): opp. τεῖναι πόδα haul it tight, S.Ant. 715; ναῦς ἐνταθεῖσα ποδί a ship with her sheet close hauled, E.Or.706; “κὰδ᾽ δ᾽ . . λαῖφος ἐρυσσάμενοι τανύοντο ἐς πόδας ἀμφοτέρουςA.R.2.932; “ἱστία . . ἐτάνυσσαν ὑπ᾽ ἀμφοτέροισι πόδεσσιQ.S.9.438.
b. perh. of the rudder or steering-paddle,αἰεὶ γὰρ πόδα νηὸς ἐνώμωνOd.10.32 (cf. Sch.ad loc.); “πὰρ ποδὶ ναόςPi.N.6.55.
III. a foot, as a measure of length, = 4 palms (παλασταί) or 6 fingers, Hdt.2.149, Pl.Men.82c, etc.
IV. foot in Prosody, Ar.Ra.1323 (lyr.), Pl.R.400a, Aristox. Harm.p.34 M., Heph.3.1, etc.; so of a metrical phrase or passage,ἔκμετρα καὶ ὑπὲρ τὸν π.Luc.Pr.Im.18; of a long passage declaimed in one breath, “κήρυκες ὅταν τὸν καλούμενον πόδα μέλλωσιν ἐρεῖνGal.4.459, cf. Luc.Demon.65, Poll.4.91.
V. boundary stone, Is.Fr.27. (Cf. Lat. pes, Goth. fotus, etc. 'foot'; related to πέδον as noted by Arist. IA706a33.)
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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (132):
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