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τις , τι , Indef. Pron.
A.any one, any thing, enclitic through all cases (for exceptions v. infr.):—but τίς; τί; Interrog. Pron. who? what?, oxyt. in the monosyll. cases, parox. in the others:—Dialectal forms: Cypr. σις (si se) Inscr.Cypr.135.10 H.; Arc. σις (with <*> for ς) IG5(2).262.25 (Mantinea, v B.C.); Thess. κις ib.9(2).515.12 (Larissa), 1226.4, 1229.27 (Phalanna), pl. κινες ib.517.41 (Larissa), neut. κι in διεκί, ποκκί (qq.v.); neut. pl. Dor. σά, Boeot. τά, Aeol. dat. τίω, τίοισι (v. infr. B). (I.-E. q[uglide]i-, cf. Lat. quis, quid, etc.; for σά, τά, v. ἄσσα, σά μάν; with τέο (v. infr. B) cf. OSlav. gen. c<*>eso.)
A. Indef. Pron. τις, τι, gen. Ion. τεο Od.16.305, Hdt.1.58; more freq. τευ Il.2.388, al., Hdt.4.30, al., Meliss.7, etc.; Trag. and Att. του A.Pr.21, Ar.Ach.329, Th.1.70, etc. (sts. fem., S.Aj.290, OT1107 (lyr.), E.Hec.370, etc.); του is rare after 300 B.C., never in LXX or NT, but found in IG12(5).798.17 (Tenos, iii B.C.), PCair.Zen.250.6, 647.23 (iii B.C.), Plb.3.23.3, revived by the Atticists, D.H.8.29, Plu.Fab.20, etc.; τινος Pi.P.2.90, IG12.16.17, 65.41, A.Eu. 5, Ch.102, S.Ant.698, al., Hdt.2.109, al. (Rh.Mus.72.483), etc.; dat. Ion. “τεῳIl.16.227, Od.11.502, Hdt.2.48, 5.86; Trag. and Att. τῳ (also in Hom., Il.1.299, 12.328, Od.13.308, 20.297, al., always in masc.) A.Th.1045, IG12.39.54, D.S.18.45; as fem., A.Th.472, S. OT80, etc.; τινι (Hom. in the form “οὔ τινιIl.17.68, Od.14.96) Pi. O.9.26, al., B.17.12, Hdt.1.114 (elsewh. fem., 2.62, 3.69, 83, 4.113), A.Th.1041, S.Aj.443, 495, etc.; acc. τινα Il.1.62, 5.761, etc., neut. τι 2.122, etc.: dual τινε Od.4.26, Pl.Sph.237d, Prm.143c, 149e: pl. τινες (Hom. only in “οὔ τινεςOd.6.279, 17.587 and οἵτινες (v. ὅστις)); Dor. τινεν SIG527.127 (Drerus, iii B.C.); nom. and acc. neut. τινα (“ὅτιναIl.22.450), never in Trag., Ar., Th., or Hdt., f.l. in Isoc.4.74, first in Pl.Chrm.163d, Ep.325a, D.47.63, Hyp.Ath.19, Alex.110, Sotad.Com.1.22, Arist.EN1094a5, IG42(1).121.35 (Epid., iv B.C.), etc.; ἄσσα (q.v.) Od.19.218, never in Trag. or Hdt.; Att. ἄττα first in Th.1.113, 2.100, Ar.Ra.173, al., Pl.R.400a, etc., never in LXX, Plb., D.S., Str., revived by the Atticists, D.H.Comp.3, etc.; gen. Ion. τεων Hdt.2.175, 5.57, τεῶν cj. for γε ῶν in 4.76; τινων not in Hdt., first in Ar.Eq.977 (lyr.); dat. τισι, τισιν, first in Hdt. 9.113, X.Ath.1.18; N.-W. Dor. τινοις GDI1409.5 (Delph., iii B.C.); Ion. τεοισι Hdt.8.113, 9.27 (for τεοις and τεον v. τεός); acc. τινας Il.15.735, Od.11.371 (also in οὕστινας, ὅτινας, v. ὅστις), etc.; neut. τινα (v. supr.):—any one, any thing, some one, some thing; and as Adj. any, some, and serving as the Indef. Art. a, an; “θεός νύ τίς ἐστι κοτήειςIl.5.191; “καί τις θεὸς ἡγεμόνευενOd.9.142; οὐδέ τις αὐτὸν ἠείδη δμώων ib.205; τι ὀϊσάμενος, . . ib.339; μή τίς μοι ὑποδείσας ἀναδύη ib.377, cf. 405-410; εἴ τινά που μετ᾽ ὄεσσι λάβοι ib. 418, cf. 421, al.; τις θεός construed as if τις θεῶν, 19.40, cf. 11.502, IG12.94.19, E.Hel.1039.
II. special usages:
1. some one (of many), i.e. many a one, “ὧδε δέ τις εἴπεσκενIl.7.201, etc.: sts. with meiosis, implying all or men, 13.638, Od.3.224; so in Prose, Hdt.5.49 fin., Th.2.37, etc.
2. any one concerned, every one, “εὖ μέν τις δόρυ θηξάσθωIl.2.382; ἀλλά τις αὐτὸς ἴτω let every man come himself, 17.254; “ἵνα τις στυγέῃσι καὶ ἄλλος8.515, cf. 16.209, 17.227, al.; so in Trag. and Att., even with the imper., τοῦτό τις . . ἴστω S Aj.417 (lyr.), cf. E.Ba.346, Ar.Av.1187; “ἀγορεύω τινὶ ἐμὲ μὴ βασανίζεινId.Ra.628; τοὺς ξυμμάχους αὐτόν τινα κολάζειν that every man should himself chastise his own allies, Th.1.40, cf. 6.77; “ τί τις ἐδύνατοId.7.75; ἄμεινόν τινος better than any others, D.21.66, cf. 19.35:—this is more fully expressed by adding other pronominal words, “τις ἕκαστοςOd.9.65, Th.6.31, etc.; “πᾶς τιςA.Ag. 1205, Hdt.6.80, Th.8.94, etc.; “ἅπας τιςHdt.3.113, etc.; “οὐδέν τι μᾶλλονId.4.118. In these senses, τις is freq. combined with pl. words, οἱ κακοὶ . . οὐκ ἴσασι, πρίν τις ἐκβάλῃ, for πρὶν ἐκβάλωσι, S.Aj. 965; οἷς ἂν ἐπίω, ἧσσόν τις πρόσεισι, for ἧσσον προσίασι, Th.4.85; “ἐτόλμα τις . . , ὁρῶντεςId.2.53, cf. 7.75; esp. after εἴ or ἤν τις, X. Mem.1.2.62, al.
3. in reference to a definite person, whom one wishes to avoid naming, οὐκ ἔφασαν ἰέναι, ἐὰν μή τις χρήματα διδῷ (i.e. Cyrus) Id.An.1.4.12, cf. Ar.Ra.552, Theoc.5.122; so also euphem. for something bad, “ἤν τι ποιῶμενTh.2.74; “ἂν οὗτός τι πάθῃD.4.11: hence for the 1st or 2nd pers. Pron., “ τιν᾽ οὐ πείσεσθαι ὀΐωIl.1.289, cf. S.Ant.751; ποῖ τις τρέψεται; for ποῖ τρέψομαι; Ar.Th.603, cf. S.Aj.245 (lyr.), 1138, Th.4.59, X.An.3.4.40, 5.7.31, etc.
4. indefinitely, where we say they, French on, sts. with an ironical force, “φοβεῖταί τιςA.Ch.59 (lyr.); “μισεῖ τις ἐκεῖνονD.4.8; as voc., τὸν Πλοῦτον ἔξω τις κάλει call P. out, somebody, Ar.Pl.1196.
6. with pr. names τις commonly signifies one named so-and-so, “ἦν δέ τις ἐν Τρώεσσι ΔάρηςIl.5.9, cf. X.An.3.1.4, etc.; with a sense of contempt, Θερσίτης τις ἦν there was one Thersites, S.Ph.442.
b. one of the same sort, converting the pr. name into an appellative, τις Ἀπόλλων Πάν an Apollo or a Pan, A.Ag.55 (anap.); [πόλιες] ταὶ μέλονται πρός τινος Διὸς γλαυκᾶς Ἀθάνας Lyr.in PVat.11v xi7; “Σκύλλαν τινάA.Ag.1233, cf.Ar.V.181, Av.512, Ra.912: so also “ὥς τις ἥλιοςA.Ag.288; ἰσθμόν τιν' Ar. Th.647.
7. with Adjs. τις combines to express the idea of a Subst. used as predicate, ὥς τις θαρσαλέος καὶ ἀναιδής ἐσσι προΐκτης a bold and impudent beggar, Od.17.449, cf. 18.382, 20.140, Il.3.220; ἐγώ τις, ὡς ἔοικε, δυσμαθής a dullard, Pl.R.358a, cf. Prt.340e; φόβου πλέα τις εἶ a coward, A.Pr.696, cf. Th.979(lyr.), Ag.1140 (lyr.); ὡς ταχεῖά τις . . χάρις διαρρεῖ in what swift fashion ( = ταχέως πως), S.Aj.1266, cf. OT618, Hdt.4.198; δεινόν τι ποιεύμενος thinking it a terrible thing, Id.3.155, 5.33.
10. with the Article,
a. when a noun with the Art. is in appos. with τις, as ὅταν δ᾽ κύριος παρῇ τις when the person in authority, whoever he be, is here, S.OC289; τοὺς αὐτοέντας . . τιμωρεῖν τινας (v.l. τινα) Id.OT107.
b. in Philosophic writers, τις is added to the Art. to show that the Art. is used to denote a particular individual who is not specified in the general formula, although he would be in the particular case, τὶς ἄνθρωπος the individual man (whoever he may be), this or that man, opp. ἄνθρωπος (man in general), τὶς ἵππος, τὶς γραμματική, Arist.Cat.1b4, 8; τὸ τὶ μέγεθος, opp. ὅλως τὸ μέγεθος, Id.Pol.1283a4, cf. S.E.P.2.223; but in “ἑνὸς γὰρ τό γε τὶ φήσεις σημεῖον εἶναιPl.Sph.237d, the Art. is used as in Il. cc. s.v. , , τόB.1.5: later τις (or τὶς) much like δεῖνα, δεῦρο τις θεός, ὄφθητί μοι in a general formula of invocation, PMag.Par.1.236; αἴρω σε, τις βοτάνη ib.287; εἰς τήν τινα κρείαν (leg. χρείαν) ib.289.
c. freq. in opposed clauses, “ μέν τις . . , δὲ . . E.Med.1141, Hec.624, Pl.Phd.99b, etc.; “ μέν τις . . , ἄλλος δὲ . . E.IT1407; “ μὲν . . , δέ τις . . X.Cyr.1.4.15: pl., “οἱ μέν τινες . . , οἱ δὲ . . Hdt.1.127, cf. Th.2.91; “οἱ μέν τινες . . , οἱ δὲ . . , οἱ δέ τινεςX.Cyr.3.2.10, etc.; οἱ μὲν . . , οἱ δέ τινες . . ib.6.1.26, etc.: also combined with other alternative words, “ μέν τις . . , δέ τις . . , ἕτερος δέ τις . . Id.Smp.2.6; μὲν . . , ἕτερος δέ τις . . , δὲ . . , etc., Ar. Pl.162 sq.: also in neut., “τὸ μέν τι . . , τὸ δέ τι . . Pl.Ep.358a; “τὸ μέν τι . . , τὸ δὲ . . Hdt.3.40; in adverb. sense, τὸ μὲν . . , τὸ δέ τι . . partly . . , partly . . , Plb.1.73.4; and τι remains unaltered even when the Art. is pl., “τὰ μέν τι μαχόμενοι, τὰ δὲ καὶ ἀναπαυόμενοιX.An.4.1.14, cf. HG7.1.46; also τὸ δέ τι . . but in some measure . . , without τὸ μέν preceding, Th.1.107, cf. 118, 7.48.
d. later τις is used as in b supr. but without the Art., γράψον . . ὅτι τι καί τι εἴληφας that you have received such and such things, POxy.937.22 (iii A.D.); κληρονόμους καταλείπω τὴν θυγατέρα μού τινα καὶ τὸν σύντροφον αὐτῆς τινα καί τινα ib.1034.2 (ii A.D.); τίς τινι χαίρειν A to B greeting (in a draft letter), ib.509 (ii A.D.).
II. the neut. τι is used,
b. euphem. for something bad, v. supr. 3.
12. τίς τε freq. in Hom., “ὡς ὅτε τίς τεIl.3.33, 4.141, v. τε B.
13. τις οὐδείς few or none, next to none, Hdt.3.140, X.Cyr.7.5.45, D.C.47.5, 48.4; τι οὐδέν little or nothing, Pl.Ap.17b; “ οὐδεὶς τιςD.C.41.62 (s. v.l.).
14. τις is pleonast. in such phrases as οὐδέν τι or μηδέν τι, v. supr. 11c.
b. repeated in successive clauses, “ὅσα λέγει τις πράσσειτις ἢψέγειν ἔχειS.Ant.689; “εἴ τις δύο καὶ πλέους τις ἡμέρας λογίζεταιId.Tr.944 (where however κἄτι πλείους is prob. cj.), cf. E.Or.1218 (whereas τις is sts. omitted in the first clause, “οὔτε φωνὴν οὔτε του μορφὴν βροτῶνA.Pr.21, cf. S.Tr.3): but in E.Andr. 734, ἔστι γάρ τις οὐ πρόσω . . πόλις τις, the repetition is pleonastic, as also in A.Supp.57 sq. (lyr., s. v.l.).
III. Accentuation and position of τις:
1. accentuation: τις is normally enclitic, but in certain uses is orthotone, i.e. theoretically oxytone (τίς, τινά, τινές, τινῶν, etc., cf. Choerob. in Theod.1.373 H.) and barytone when followed by another word (τὶς or τις, τινὰ, τινὲς, τινῶν, etc.). According to Sch. D.T.p.240 H. its orthotone accent is τίς (not τὶς, τίνα, τίνες, etc. The orthotone form is used in codd.:
b. when τις is opp. to another τις or to some other word, “τισὶ μὲν συμφέρει, τισὶ δ᾽ οὐ συμφέρειArist.Pol.1284b40, cf. Th.2.92, Pl.Cri.49a, D. 9.2; “τινὲς μὲν οὖν . . , ἡμεῖς δὲ . . Sor.1.1; “τὸ τὶ μὲν ψεῦδος ἔχον, τὶ δὲ ἀληθέςS.E.M.8.127; “ἀλλὰ τινὰ μὲν . . , τινὰ δὲ . . Gem.14.6; “ποτὲ μὲν πρὸς πάντα, ποτὲ δὲ πρὸς τινάSor.1.48: without such opposition, τοῦτ᾽ εἰς ἀνίαν τοὔπος ἔρχεται τινί for a certain person, S.Aj.1138. Codd. are not consistent; in signf.11.5a, 10c, 13 they make it enclitic; in signf. 11.5b sts. enclitic, sts. orthotone (v. supr.); sts. enclitic and orthotone in the same sentence, “πάντα δὲ τὰ γιγνόμενα ὑπό τέ τινος γίγνεται καὶ ἔκ τινος καὶ τίArist.Metaph.1032a14, cf. Pl.Chrm.165c.
2. position:
a. τις is rarely first word in the sentence, and rarely follows a pause (v. supr. 111.1a, b); it may stand second word, “ἔσκε τις ἐνθάδε μάντις ἀνήρOd.9.508, cf. Il.8.515, 23.331; but in general its position is not far before or after the word to which it belongs in sense, “ἀλλ᾽ ἄγε δή τινα μάντιν ἐρείομεν1.62; “φυλακὴ δέ τις ἔμπεδος ἔστω8.521.
b. in Ion. Prose it sts. stands between its genitive and the Article of that genitive, “τῶν τις ΠερσέωνHdt.1.85; “τῶν τις ἱρέωνId.2.38; “τῶν τινες ΦοινίκωνId.8.90; “ἐς τῶν τι ἄλλο στομάτων τοῦ ΝείλουId.2.179; so also in late Prose, Ath.3.108d, Eust.1402.18, 1659.27, 1676.1.
c. it stands between the Art. and Subst. in signf.11.10b.
d. τίς τι is the correct order, not τί τις, IG12.110.46, Th.7.10, X.An.4.1.14 (codd. dett.), D.22.22, etc.
e. whereas in Att. the order ἐάν τις is compulsory, in Dor. the usual order is αἴ τίς κα, Leg.Gort.9.43, al., Tab.Heracl.1.105, al. (but “αἴ κά τιςEpich.35, 159; “αἰ δέ κα μή τιςLeg.Gort.5.13): later Dor. “εἴ τί καGDI2101.3, al.; καἴ τι ἂν ( = καὶ εἴ τι ἂν) IG5(1).1390.50 (Andania, i B.C., v. infr. B.11.1b):—this Dor. order influenced the Koine, as in the rare “εἴ τις ἂνPlu.TG15.
B. Interrog. Pron. τίς, Elean and Lacon. τίρ (q.v.), τί:—gen. Ep.and Ion.“τέοIl.2.225, Herod.8.1, etc., or “τεῦOd.15.509, Hdt.5.106, etc.; Trag. and Att. “τοῦA.Pr.614, Ar.Nu.1223, etc.; Ion., Trag., and Att. “τίνοςSimon.154, Hdt.6.80, A.Pr.563 (anap.), S.Aj.892, Ar Ach. 588, etc.; dat. Ion. “τέῳHdt.1.11, al. (as fem., 4.155); no dat. in Hom. or Hes.; Trag. and Att. “τῷS.Ant.401, D.19.60, etc.; Aeol. “τίῳSapph.104; τίνι first in Pi.N.7.57, A.Pers.715 (troch.), S.OT10, Ar. Ach.919, Hdt.3.38, Th.1.80, D.20.115, etc.; acc. “τίναIl.5.703, etc.; neut. “τί1.362, etc.: dual τίνε (elided) Ar.Av.107: pl.. nom. “τίνεςOd. 1.172, etc.; neut. “τίναPl.Phd.102a, Aeschin.2.81, Hipparch.1.1.4, Gem.17.12, Ep.Hebr.5.12; gen. Ep. “τέωνIl.24.387, Od.20.192, and as monosyll. 6.119, 13.200; Trag. and Att. “τίνωνS.El.1476, OC 2, Ar.Nu.1089, etc.; dat. τίσι first in S.OT1126, Ar.Ra.1455, Pl.R. 332d, etc. (no dat. in Hom. or Hes.); also “τοῖσιS.Tr.984 (anap.); Ion. “τέοισιHdt.1.37, cf. 2.82 (v.l. ὁτέοισι); Aeol. “τίοισιSapph.168; acc. “τίναςS.OC115, Ar.Av.370 (troch.); neut. “τίναArr.Epict.1.30.3; Boeot. τά Pi.O.1.82 (Adv.); Megar. “σάAr.Ach.757,784 (Adv.): of the pl. Hom. uses only nom. τίνες with gen. τέων; ποῖος (what? which?) is sts. preferred (esp. in neut. pl.) to the Adj. τίς, e.g. τὰ ποῖα ταῦτα χρήματα; Ar.Nu.1270, cf. 1337, Th.621, Pl.Cra.391e, 395d, 406d; v. ποῖος 1.3 and IV:
I. in direct questions, who? which? neut. what? which? ξεῖνοι, τίνες ἐστέ; Od.9.252; τί νύ μοι μήκιστα γένηται; 5.299; τίς δαίμων τόδε πῆμα προσήγαγε; 17.446; τίς ἀχώ, τίς ὀδμὰ προσέπτα μ᾽ ἀφεγγής; A.Pr.115 (lyr.), cf. 561 (anap.), etc.; properly at the beginning of the sentence; but this position may be varied,
2. sts. as the predicate, τίς ὀνομάζεται; what is he named? E.Ph.123; so also may be expld. the union of τίς with a demonstr. or possess. Pron., or with a Noun preceded by the Art., τί τοῦτ᾽ ἔλεξας; S.Ph. 1173 (lyr.); τί ἐστι τουτί; τίς τρόπος τοῦ τάγματος; Id.Ichn.114; also with Pron. in pl., τί ταῦτα; E.Ph.382, Andr.548, etc.; τί γὰρ τάδ᾽ ἐστίν; Ar.Nu.200; τί ποτ᾽ ἐστίν, διανοούμεθα; Pl.Tht.154e; τί ποτ᾽ ἐστὶ ταῦτα; ib.155c; “σκεπτέον τί τὰ συμβαίνονταId.Grg.508b; so τί is used as predicate of a masc. or fem. subject, τί νιν προσείπω; A.Ch. 983(997); τί σοι φαίνεται νεανίσκος; Pl.Chrm.154d:—also τίς δ᾽ ὅδε Ναυσικάᾳ ἕπεται; who is this that follows N.? Od.6.276; τίς δ᾽ οὗτος ἔρχεαι; Il.10.82, cf. Alc.84.1, S.El.328,388, Ant.7,218, E.Hec.501, Pl.Cri.43c; and in the reverse order, τήνδε τίνα λεύσσω . . ; who is this I see? E.IA821; τίνι οὖν τοιούτῳ φίλους ἂν θηρῴην; with what means of such kind . . ? X.Mem.3.11.9; τί τοσοῦτον νομίζοντες ἠδικῆσθαι; Id.Smp.4.53; τί με τὸ δεινὸν ἐργάσῃ; what is the dreadful thing which . . ? E.Ba.492, cf. S.OC598,1488, etc.; τίν᾽ ὄψιν σὴν προσδέρκομαι; what face is this I see of thine? E.Hel.557; παρὰ τίνας τοὺς ὑμᾶς; who are 'you' to whom [I am to come]? Pl.Ly.203b:—the Art. is exceptionally added to τίς, when it leads up to a word which requires the Art., ληφθήσει . . Πανήμου εἰκάδι: καὶ Λῴου τῇ--τίνι; τῇ δεκάτῃ on the twentieth of the month Panemus and of Loüs on the --what day? the tenth, Call.Epigr.46:—in Com.also τὸ τί; what is that? Ar.Nu.775, Pax696, Av.1039, Pl.902, etc.; τοῦ τίνος χάριν; UPZ6.29 (ii B.C.); and with pl. Art., τὰ τί; Ar.Pax693.
3. with prop. names treated as appellatives (v. τις indef. 11.6b), τίς ἆρα Κύπρις τίς Ἵμερος; S.Fr.874; τίς σε Θηρικλῆς ποτε ἔτευξε; Eub.43; τίς . . Χίμαιρα πύρπνοος; Anaxil.22.3.
4. τίς ἂν θεῶν . . δοίη; like πῶς ἄν, would that some one . . , S.OC1100, cf. A.Ag.1448 (lyr.).
6. sts. two questions are asked in one clause by different cases of τίς; τίσιν τί ἀποδιδοῦσα τέχνη δικαιοσύνη ἂν καλοῖτο; Pl.R.332d; “τί λαβόντα τί δεῖ ποιεῖνD.4.36:—a like doubling of the question lies in the union of τίς with other interrog. words, τίς πόθεν εἰς εἶς codd.) ἀνδρῶν; Od.1.170, cf. S.Tr.421.
7. τίς with Particles:—τίς γάρ; why who? who possibly? τίς γάρ σε θεῶν . . ἧκεν; Il.18.182; v. infr. 8 f.
8. the usages of the neut. τί; are very various:
a. τί; alone, as a simple question, what? τί γάρ; A.Th.336 (lyr.):—on ὅτι τί; ὅτι τί δή; ὅτι δὴ τί; v. ὅτι B. 1b; on ὡς τί; v. ὡς F.1.
b. τί τοῦτο; τί ταῦτα; v. supr. 2.
c. τί μοι; τί σοι; what is it to me? to thee? S.Ph.753, etc.; c. gen., τί μοι ἔριδος καὶ ἀρωγῆς; what have I to do with . . ? Il.21.360; τί δέ σοι ταῦτα; Ar.Lys.514, cf. Ec.521 (where the answerer repeats the question in indirect form, τί μοι τοῦτ᾽ ἔστιν;; ἀλλὰ δὴ τί τοῦτ᾽ ἐμοί; Diph.32.18; τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί; what have I to do with thee? LXX Jd.11.12, Arr.Epict.2.19.19, Ev.Jo.2.4; τί σοὶ καὶ εἰρήνῃ; LXX 4 Ki.9.18, cf. Ho.14.9; τί πρὸσσέ; M.Ant.8.44, cf.Ev.Matt.27.4; σοὶ δὲ καὶ τούτοισι τοῖσι πρήγμασι τί ἐστι; what have you to do with these matters? Hdt.5.33; τί τῷ νόμῳ καὶ τῇ βασάνῳ; D.29.36:—folld. by a clause, τί δὲ τίν, εἰ κωτίλαι εἰμές; Theoc.15.89; or with inf., τί γάρ μοι τοὺς ἔξω κρίνειν; 1 Ep.Cor.5.12:—v. εἰμί c.111.2.
e. τί; also often stands abs. as Adv. how? why? wherefore? Il.1.362, etc.; so too in Att., Pl.Cri. 43c, etc.; δόμων γὰρ ζῶσι τῶνδε δεσπόται. Answ. τί ζῶσιν; how do you meanζῶσι̣ ζῶσιforsooth! E.Alc.806; Κιθαιρὼν--Answ. τί Κιθαιρών; what aboutK.? Id.Ba.1177 codd., cf. 1182 (both lyr.); cf. τίη.
f. τί with Particles: -τί γάρ; why not? how else? and so it came to mean of course, no doubt, A.Ag.1239, Ch.880, Eu.678, etc.; used in affirmative answers, Pl.Phdr.258d, Tht.209b, al.; to introduce an argument, Arist.Pol.1281a14; v. γάρ 1.4:—τί δαί; v. δαί:—τί δέ; serving to pass on quickly to a fresh point, Pl.Hp.Ma.288c, al.; τί δέ, εἰ . . ; but what, if . . ? E.Hel.1043; τί δ᾽ ἄν, εἰ . . ; Ar.Th.773; τί δ᾽ ἢν . . ; Id.Nu.1444; τί δέ, εἰ μὴ . . ; what else but . . ? X.Oec.9.1, cf. S.OT 941, Ph.421; so τί δὲ δή; τί δή; τί δή ποτε; why ever? why in the world? what do you mean? Pl.R.470e, Grg.469a, Sph.241d, S.El. 1184:—so also τί δῆτα; how, pray? τί δῆτ᾽ ἄν, εἰ . . ; Ar.Nu.154:— (τί μή; f.l. in S.Aj.668):—τί μήν; i.e. yes certainly, much like τί γάρ; Pl.Tht.162e, etc., prob. in S.Aj.668:—τί μὴν οὔ; in reply to a question, Id.El.1280 (lyr.):—τί νυ; why now? Il.1.414, etc.:—τί δ᾽ οὔ; parenthetic, why not? as an affirmative answer, S.Ant.460; τί οὐ καλοῦμεν; i.e. let us call, Ar.Lys.1103; τί οὐ βαδίζομεν; etc., Pl.Prt.310e, etc.:—τί οὖν; how so? making an objection, A.Th. 208; but τί οὖν ἔτ᾽ ἂν σαίνοιμεν . . μόρον; ib.704; τί οὖν οὐκ ἐρωτᾷς; Pl.Ly.211d:—τί ποτε; v. τίπτε;
g. with Conjunctions following:—τί ὅτι . . ; why is it that . . ? Stratt.62 (f.l.), LXX Ge. 3.1, Ev.Luc.2.49, etc.:—with Conjunctions preceding, ἵνα τί; v. ἵνα B. 11.3 c.
h. with Preps.:—διὰ τί; wherefore? Ar.Pl.1111, etc.:—ἐκ τίνος; from what cause? X.An.5.8.4:—ἐς τί; to what point? how long? Il.5.465; but also, to what end? S.Tr.403, cf. OC524 (lyr.):—κατὰ τί; for what purpose? Ar.Nu.239:—πρὸς τί; wherefore? S.OT766, 1027, etc.
II. τίς is sts. used for ὅστις in indirect questions, “εἰρώτα δὴ ἔπειτα τίς εἴη καὶ πόθεν ἔλθοιOd.15.423, cf. 17.368; “δεῖξον τίς ἔσται τῇ ταλαιπώρῳ χρόνοςA.Pr.623; οὐδ᾽ ἔχω τίς ἂν γενοίμαν ib.905 (lyr.); “οὐκ ἔχω τί φῶId.Ch.91, cf. S.OC48, etc.; “ἐπισκεψώμεθα τίνες πέπανται σφενδόναςX.An.3.3.18; εἰπὲ τίνα γνώμην ἔχεις ib.2.2.10; freq. in later Gr., where ὅστις is very rare, “εἰς τὸ λογιστήριον γράφων . . τί ὀφείλεταιPHib.1.29.42 (iii B.C.), cf. PCair.Zen. 21.40, al. (iii B.C.); οὐθεὶς ἐσήμηνεν παρὰ τί ἂν τοῖς προστεταγμένοις . . οὐ κατηκολούθησαν nobody indicated why they should not have obeyed orders, PTeb.72.160, cf. 61b).227 (ii B.C.); ὅστις and τίς are sts. combined, “ὡς πύθοιθ᾽ τι δρῶν τί φωνῶν ῥυσαίμηνS.OT71, cf. A.Pr.489 sq., 617,623:—later with inf., τί πράττειν οὐκ ἔχω I do not know what to do, Aesop.67, cf. Ps.-Luc.Philopatr.29.
b. sts. not in indirect questions, whoever, whatever, “αἰτοῦ τί χρῄζεις ἕνE.Fr.773.2; ταῦτα οὐκ ἀπέστελλον πάντα, ἀλλ᾽ ἐκλεγόμενοι τίνων αἱ τιμαὶ ἐπετέταντο whatever things had risen in price, D.56.24; τίνα δ᾽ Κύπρις οὐκ ἐφίλησεν whomsoever K. has not loved, AP5.169 (Noss.); τίνι τύχη δίδωσι, λαβέτω Antiochusap.Ptol.Euerg.3 J.; “λαμβανέτω τί θέλειAP12.219 (Strat.); “τὰν ὀνάλαν κίς κε γινύειτειIG 9(2).517.22 (Larissa, iii B.C.); καὶ τί ἂν εἶ ( = λοιπόν ib.5(1).1390.50 (Andania, i B.C., nisi leg. καἴ τι ἂν, v. supr.A. 111.2e); “τίς ἂν δὲ χεῖρα προσαγάγῃEpigr.Gr.376a (Aezani); “τίς σοφός, αὐτῷ προσκολλήθητιLXXSi.6.34; “οὐ τί ἐγὼ θίλω, ἀλλὰ τί σύEv.Marc.14.36; τίς σοφίῃ πάντων πρῶτος, τούτου τρίποδ᾽ αὐδῶ Orac. ap. D.S.9.3 et ap.D.L. 1.28 codd. (ὃς Cobet from Sch.Ar.Pl.9); “χαῖρε καὶ σύ, τίς ποτ᾽ εἶIG9 (2).953 (Larissa), cf. CIG1982 (Thessalonica); in other places, as S.El.1176, Tr.339, OT1144, E.Ion324, this constr. cannot be admitted.
d. = ὅς or “ὅσπερ, τέων . . Ζεὺς ἐπὶ σαλπίγγων ἱρὰ βοῇ δέχεται Κᾶρες ὁμοῦ ΛελέγεσσιCall.Aet.3.1.60, cf. Del.185, Epigr.30.2, Nic.Al.2; “Δωροθέαν, τίς τὸν ἐμὸν ἄνδρα εἶχεTab.Defix.Aud.10.4 (Cnidus, ii/i B.C.), cf. 5.2,8; “τίνας ἱερεωσύνας εἶχον ἐπενεγύωνSIG705.43, cf. 56 (Senatus consultum, Delph., ii B.C.); “τίνα με ὑπονοεῖτε εἶναι, οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐγώAct.Ap. 13.25; τίς ἔζησεν ἔτη β́ who lived . . , IG14.1560 (Rome), cf. 1391 (ibid.); “εὗρον γεωργόν, τίς αὐτὰ ἑλκύσῃBGU822.5 (ii/iii A.D.).
C. Prosody: τις and τίς keep ι^ in all cases (digamma operates in Il.6.462, etc.).
II. τί was never elided; but hiatus is allowed after τί in Ep. τί (v. τίη), also in Com., as τί οὐ; Ar.Av.149; τί οὖν; Id.Pl.94; τί ἔστι; Id.Nu.82, Av.1036; τί, πάτερ; Id.Nu. 80:—a licence which is rarer in Trag., τί ἔστιν; S.Ph.733; τί οὖν; A.Th.208,704, Eu.902, S.Aj.873 (lyr.), Ph.100, etc.; τί εἶπας; Id.Tr.1203, Ph.917.
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    • Thucydides, Histories, 7.87
    • Thucydides, Histories, 8.21
    • Thucydides, Histories, 8.94
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 1.4.12
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 2.2.10
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 3.1.4
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 3.3.18
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 3.4.40
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 5.7.31
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 5.8.7
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 7.6.24
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 4.1.14
    • Xenophon, Anabasis, 5.8.4
    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 1.1.6
    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 1.3.17
    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 2.2.2
    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 1.4.15
    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 3.2.10
    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 6.1.26
    • Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 7.5.45
    • Xenophon, Hellenica, 7.1.46
    • Xenophon, Hellenica, 6.4.7
    • Xenophon, Memorabilia, 1.2.62
    • Xenophon, Memorabilia, 2.2.1
    • Xenophon, Memorabilia, 1.1.1
    • Xenophon, Memorabilia, 1.4.14
    • Xenophon, Memorabilia, 3.11.9
    • Xenophon, Symposium, 4.53
    • Xenophon, Economics, 9.1
    • Xenophon, Symposium, 2.6
    • Xenophon, Symposium, 5.2
    • Homer, Iliad, 10.82
    • Homer, Iliad, 13.287
    • Homer, Iliad, 13.638
    • Homer, Iliad, 15.735
    • Homer, Iliad, 16.209
    • Homer, Iliad, 16.227
    • Homer, Iliad, 17.254
    • Homer, Iliad, 17.68
    • Homer, Iliad, 18.182
    • Homer, Iliad, 1.144
    • Homer, Iliad, 1.289
    • Homer, Iliad, 1.362
    • Homer, Iliad, 1.414
    • Homer, Iliad, 1.62
    • Homer, Iliad, 21.360
    • Homer, Iliad, 23.331
    • Homer, Iliad, 24.387
    • Homer, Iliad, 2.122
    • Homer, Iliad, 2.225
    • Homer, Iliad, 2.382
    • Homer, Iliad, 2.388
    • Homer, Iliad, 3.33
    • Homer, Iliad, 4.141
    • Homer, Iliad, 5.191
    • Homer, Iliad, 5.465
    • Homer, Iliad, 5.703
    • Homer, Iliad, 5.761
    • Homer, Iliad, 6.462
    • Homer, Iliad, 7.156
    • Homer, Iliad, 7.201
    • Homer, Iliad, 8
    • Homer, Iliad, 8.515
    • Homer, Iliad, 8.521
    • Homer, Odyssey, 15.365
    • Homer, Odyssey, 15.83
    • Homer, Odyssey, 16.305
    • Homer, Odyssey, 19.218
    • Homer, Odyssey, 1.170
    • Homer, Odyssey, 9.252
    • Sophocles, Philoctetes, 733
    • Sophocles, Philoctetes, 753
    • Sophocles, Ichneutae, 106
    • Sophocles, Ichneutae, 874
    • Sophocles, Trachiniae, 403
    • Sophocles, Trachiniae, 944
    • Aeschylus, Agamemnon, 1140
    • Aeschylus, Agamemnon, 1205
    • Aeschylus, Agamemnon, 1233
    • Aeschylus, Agamemnon, 1239
    • Aeschylus, Agamemnon, 288
    • Callimachus, Epigrams, 46
    • Polybius, Histories, 1.73.4
    • Polybius, Histories, 3.23.3
    • Aristophanes, Acharnians, 757
    • Aristophanes, Clouds, 239
    • Aristophanes, Clouds, 80
    • Aristophanes, Clouds, 82
    • Thucydides, Histories, 2.53
    • Old Testament, 2 Kings, 9.18
    • New Testament, Hebrews, 5.12
    • New Testament, Luke, 5.23
    • New Testament, Mark, 14.36
    • New Testament, Matthew, 27.21
    • New Testament, Matthew, 7.14
    • Old Testament, Ecclesiasticus, 6.34
    • Old Testament, Canticles, 1.10
    • Old Testament, Canticles, 4.10
    • Thucydides, Histories, 1.3
    • Thucydides, Histories, 1.40
    • Thucydides, Histories, 2.100
    • Thucydides, Histories, 2.74
    • Thucydides, Histories, 3.7
    • Thucydides, Histories, 8.3
    • Plutarch, Fabius Maximus, 20
    • Diodorus, Historical Library, 18.45
    • Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitates Romanae, 8.29
    • Dionysius of Halicarnassus, De Compositione Verborum, 3
    • Cassius Dio, Historia Romana, 41.62
    • Cassius Dio, Historia Romana, 47.5
    • Cassius Dio, Historia Romana, 48.4
    • Marcus Aurelius, M. Antonius Imperator Ad Se Ipsum, 8.44
    • Moschus, Eros Drapeta, 1.5
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