A.“Ἀρχ.Δελτ.” 14 Pl. ii 19 (Thespiae, iii B.C.); Ion. ηυπύ only in IG 14.871 (Cumae, v B.C.); Arc. ὁπύ Schwyzer 664.15,21 (Orchom.Arc., iv B.C.); in Ep. ὑπαί (also B. 12.139): this is found in Hom. only six times as a well-attested reading (“ὑ. πόδα” Il.2.824, “ὑ. δέ” 3.217, 11.417, 12.149, “ὑ. δείους” 10.376, 15.4); elsewh. (before λ ν ρ ϝ) it is weakly attested as v. l. for ὑπὸ （^ _), e.g. ποσσὶ δ᾽ ὑπὸ (v.l. ὑπαὶ）“ λιπαροῖσι” Il.2.44, al.; but ὑπαὶ νεφέων is given by most codd. in Il.15.625, 16.375 (v. Allen ed. maj.), and “ὑπαὶ νεφέεσσι” Anon. ap. Plu.2.38e; also in compds., “ὑπαιδείδοικα” h.Merc.165, ὑπαιφοινίσσω (q. v.); it is not freq. in Trag. Poets, A.Ag.892,944,1164 (lyr.), Eu.417, S.El. 711,1418 (lyr.), Inach. in PTeb.692 ii5 (lyr.), E.El.1188 (lyr.), Ar. Ach.970 (paratrag.). (With ὑπό （ὕπο) cf. Skt. úpa 'towards, near to, etc.', Goth. uf 'under'.)
A. WITH GENITIVE,
I. of Place, with Verbs of motion, from under, αὖτις ἀναστήσονται ὑ. ζόφου they will rise again from under the gloom, Il.21.56; “ὑ. χθονὸς ἧκε φόωσδε” Hes.Th.669; “ῥέει κρήνη ὑ. σπείους” Od.9.141, cf. Pl.Phdr.230b; “ὄσσε δεινὸν ὑ. βλεφάρων ἐξεφάανθεν” Il.19.17; ἐσιδόντες ὑπαὶ χειμῶνος αἴγλαν from under the storm-cloud, B.12.139; esp. of rescuing from under another's power, after the Verbs ἐρύεσθαι, ἁρπάζειν, ῥύεσθαι, ἐρύειν, Il.9.248, 13.198, 17.224,235; “ἤγαγεν ὑμέτερόνδ᾽ ἀνδροκτασίης ὕ. λυγρῆς” from the consequences of, 23.86; also ἵππους μὲν λῦσαν ὑ. ζυγοῦ from under the yoke, 8.543, Od.4.39; ὑπ᾽ ἀρνειοῦ λυόμην I loosed myself from under the ram, 9.463; σπλάγχνων ὕπο ματέρος μόλεν, i.e. was born, Pi.N.1.35, cf. O.6.43; rarely in Trag., “ὑ. πτερῶν σπάσας” E.Andr.441; “περᾷ γὰρ ἥδ᾽ ὑ. σκηνῆς πόδα” Id.Hec.53; once in Hdt., “τὰς δέ οἱ ἵππους ὑ. τοῦ ἅρματος νεμομένας ἀφανισθῆναι” 4.8; “αἴ τις ὑ. τῶν νομίων τῶν ἐπιϝοικων ἀνχωρέῃ” SIG47.27 (Locris, v B.C.); cf. ὑπέκ.
2. of the object under which a thing is or is placed, under, beneath, with collat. sense of motion, as μοχλὸν ὑ. σποδοῦ ἤλασα πολλῆς thrust it in under the embers, Od. 9.375; “ὑ. στέρνοιο τυχήσας” Il.4.106; “τοὺς μὲν ὑ. χθονὸς εὐρυοδείης πέμψαν” Hes.Th.717: also without the sense of motion, “ὑπ᾽ ἀνθερεῶνος ὀχεὺς τέτατο” Il.3.372; “βάθιστον ὑ. χθονός ἐστι βέρεθρον” 8.14; “ἐτέθαπτο ὑ. χθονός” Od.11.52; “κεκευθὼς πολεμίας ὑ. χθονός” A.Th.588; “ὑπ᾽ ἀγκῶνος βέλη” Pi.O.2.83; “νέρθεν ὑπ᾽ ἐγκεφάλοιο” Il.16.347; “τὰ ὑ. γῆς δικαιωτήρια” Pl.Phdr.249a; “δεξιὰν ὑφ᾽ εἵματος κρύπτειν” E.Hec.342; φέρειν ζώνης ὕπο ib.762: Thom.Mag. p. 375 R. says that ὑ. = under takes gen. in Att., acc. in 'Hellenic' Greek; κατακρύψας ὑ. κόπρου, which is v.l. in Od.9.329 for ὑ. κόπρῳ, is called by Eust.1631.36 Ἀττικώτερον, ὁποῖον καὶ τὸ φέρειν τι ὑ. κόλπου ἢ ὑ. μάλης (v. κόλπος, μάλη); but in Att. Prose, Hdt., and the Koine ὑ. c. gen. in signfs. 1.1, 2 is almost limited to these and a few other phrases, esp. ὑ. γῆς; it is not found at all in Th., LXX, Ptolemaic papyri, and NT; X. has ὑ. ἁμάξης ( = from under) An.6.4.22,25; the Orators have only ὑ. μάλης, Lys.Fr.54, D.29.12; ὑ. γῆς is found in Pl.Ap.18b, Mx. 246d, R.414d, al., Arist.Mete.352b6, al., Hipparch.2.2.45, Plb.18.18.10 (ὑ. τῆς γῆς), 21.28.3,10.
II. of Cause or Agency, freq. with pass. Verbs, and with intr. Verbs in pass. sense, “μή πως τάχ᾽ ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ δουρὶ δαμήῃς” Il.3.436, cf. 4.479; “ἡνιόχοιο ἐν κονίῃσι πεσόντος ὑφ᾽ Ἕκτορος” 17.428; εὖτ᾽ ἂν πολλοὶ ὑφ᾽ Ἕκτορος θνῂσκοντες πίπτωσι 1.242; “τὸν . . τοκέα ὑ. τοῦ . . παιδὸς ἀποθνῄσκειν” Hdt.1.137; “οἵαις ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ πημοναῖσι κάμπτομαι” A.Pr.308, cf. Th.7, al.; “πέλεκυς . . ὅς τ᾽ εἶσιν διὰ δουρὸς ὑπ᾽ ἀνέρος” Il.3.61; “ὑπ᾽ Ἀχαιῶν . . φοβέοντο . . ἀπὸ νηῶν” 16.303; “πάσχειν δὲ κακῶς ἐχθρὸν ὑπ᾽ ἐχθρῶν” A.Pr.1042 (anap.); “ὑ. τοῦ Μήδου δεινότερα τούτων πάσχοντες” Th.1.77; “ἐκπεσόντες ὑ. τοῦ πλήθους” Id.4.66; “ἀναστάτων Καμαριναίων γενομένων ὑ. Συρακοσίων” Id.6.5; “ὑφ᾽ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν καὶ μὴ ὑ. τῶν πολεμίων τοῦτο παθεῖν” Id.4.64; κλύοντές ἐσμεν αἰσχίστους λόγους . . τοῦδ᾽ ὑπ᾽ ἀνδρὸς ἀρτίως we have been called shameful names by . . , S.Aj.1321; κακῶς ὑ. τῶν πολιτῶν ἀκούειν to be ill spoken of by . . , Isoc.4.77, cf. Pl.Hp.Ma.304e, X.An. 7.7.23; of a subordinate agent, ὑ. κήρυκος προαγορεύειν, ἀπειπεῖν κηρύκων ὕπο, Hdt.9.98, E.Alc.737, cf. Th.6.32; “ἐμῶν ὑπ᾽ ἀγγέλων . . πορεύεται” S.Tr.391; “ὑ. ἀγγέλων πέμπων” Pl.Phlb.66a: sts. with a verbal Subst., τὸ ὑ. νόμου ἐπίταγμα (i. e. ἐπιταττόμενον) Id.R.359a; “ἐκφορὰ φίλων ὕπο” A.Th.1029; “ἡ ὑπ᾽ ἀρετῆς Ἡρακλέους παίδευσις” X. Mem.2.1.34; “ἡ ὑ. πάντων τιμή” Id.Cyr.3.3.2; “Ἥρας δεσμοὶ ὑ. ὑέος” Pl. R.378d; so ἄτρωτον ἦν ὑ. στύγους ( = οὐ τετρωμένον) prob. in A.Ch. 532.
2. also in pregnant phrases, not only of the immediate act of the agent, but also of its further result, ὅθ᾽ ὑ. λιγέων ἀνέμων σπέρχωσιν ἄελλαι hasten driven on by them, Il.13.334; ὑφ᾽ Ἕκτορος . . φεύγοντες fleeing before him, 18.149, “χάσσονται ὑπ᾽ ἔγχεος” 13.153, cf. 7.64, 11.119,424, Od.5.320, 7.263, al.; “πράγματα εἶχον ὑ. λῃστῶν” X.HG5.1.5; ἔπαινον, αἰτίαν ἔχειν ὑ. τινῶν, Hdt.9.78, A.Eu.99; “οὐκέτι ἀποχωρεῖν οἷόν τ᾽ ἦν ὑ. τῶν ἱππέων” Th.7.78, cf. Ar.V.1084.
3. freq. of things as well as persons, “ὡς διάκειμαι ὑ. τῆς νόσου” Th.7.77; “κεῖμαι νούσου ὕ. στυγερᾶς” IG42(1).125.8 (Epid., iii B.C.); “χαλεπῶς ἔχειν ὑ. τραυμάτων” Pl.Tht.142b; “ὑ. δόρατος πλαγείς” IG42(1).122.64 (Epid., iv B.C.); ὑ. ἔχιος φῦμα ib.123.4 (ibid., iv B.C.); ἰάθη ὑ. ὄφιος ib.121.113 (ibid., iv B.C.); “κατεσκεύασαν τὰς πύλας κλείεσθαι ὑ. σφύρας τε μεγάλης καὶ κτύπου παμμεγέθους γιγνομένου” Aen.Tact.20.4: of the agency of feelings, passions, etc., “ἀνόρουσ᾽ ὑ. χάρματος” h.Cer. 371; ἐνδακρύειν, ἀνολολύξαι χαρᾶς ὕπο, A.Ag.541,587; “μαίνεται . . ὑφ᾽ ἡδονῆς” S.El.1153; “χλωρὸς ὑπαὶ δείους” Il.10.376; “ὑ. δέους ἔρρηξε φωνήν” Hdt.1.85, cf. Th.6.33; “οὐ δυνατὸν τὸν δῆμον ἐσόμενον ὑ. τῶν κακῶν καρτερεῖν” Id.4.66; “ὑ. κακοῦ ἀγρυπνίῃσι εἴχετο” Hdt.3.129; “ὑπ᾽ ἄλγους” A.Eu.183; “ὑπ᾽ ὀργῆς” Ar.V.1083; “ὑ. λύπης” S.OT1073: hence ὑπό is used even with active Verbs, where a passive word may be supplied, e.g. ὑ. ἀρετῆς καὶ προθυμίης συνεπλήρουν τὰς νέας from courage, i. e. impelled by courage, Hdt.8.1; “ὤρυσσον ὑ. μαστίγων” Id.7.22, cf. 56; οὐδὲ σέ γε δόλος ἔσχ᾽ ὑ. χειρὸς ἐμᾶς by my agency, S.Ph. 1118 (lyr.); αἰ μήτις αὐτὸς δοίη, μὴ ὑπ᾽ ἀνάγκας not under compulsion, GDI5128.5 (Vaxos).
4. ὑπό freq. serves to denote the attendant or accompanying circumstances, “νέφος ἐρχόμενον κατὰ πόντον ὑ. Ζεφύροιο ἰωῆς” Il.4.276, cf. 16.591, etc.: sts. with part. added, ἀμφὶ δὲ νῆες σμερδαλέον κονάβησαν ἀϋσάντων ὑπ᾽ Ἀχαιῶν at their shouting, i.e. when they shouted, 2.334, 16.277; “ἴαχε σάλπιγξ ἄστυ περιπλομένων δηΐων ὕ.” 18.220.
5. of accompanying music, to give the time, “κώμαζον ὑπ᾽ αὐλοῦ” Hes.Sc.281, cf. 278; “ᾁδων ὑπ᾽ αὐλητῆρος” Archil.123, cf. Thgn.825, Charon Fr.9; “πίνειν ὑ. σάλπιγγος” Ar.Ach.1001: generally, of anything attendant, δαΐδων ὕ. λαμπομενάων ἠγίνεον by torchlight, Il.18.492, cf. E.Hel.639 (lyr.), Ion1474 (lyr.); “καταθάψομεν . . ὑ. κλαυθμῶν” A.Ag.1554 (anap.); “ὑπ᾽ εὐκλείας θανεῖν” E.Hipp.1299; “εἴσειμ᾽ ὑπαὶ πτερύγων κιχλᾶν καὶ κοψίχων” Ar.Ach.970; ὑπ᾽ εὐφήμου βοῆς θῦσαι offer a sacrifice accompanied by it, S.El.630; ὑ. φανοῦ πορεύεσθαι by lantern-light, X.Lac.5.7; ὑ. πομπῆς ἐξάγειν τινά in or with solemn procession, Hdt.2.45, cf. Ar.Th.1030; ὑ. βίης βήξας coughing with violence, violently, Hdt.6.107; ἐτόξευον ὑ. μαστίγων, i.e. they shot and lashed, X.An.3.4.25: v. infr. B. 11.4, C. IV. 1.
7. Math., ἡ ὑ. ΘΔΗ the angle ΘΔΗ ( = ἡ ὑ. τῶν ΘΔ, ΔΗ περιεχομένη γωνία), Procl. Hyp.2.26; but also τὸ ὑ. τῶν ΑΓ, ΓΒ the rectangle contained by ΑΓ, ΓΒ, = ΑΓ χ ΓΒ, Euc.2.4.
8. ναῦλον ὄνων γ́ εἰς τὴν πόλιν ὑ. οἴνου laden with wine, Pap. in Hermes 28.163 (ii A.D.), cf. ib.479, and infr. C. IV. 2.
B. WITH DATIVE (esp. in Poets, never in LXX (Jb.12.5 is dub. l.) or NT, not common in Arist., Ptolemaic papyri, or Plb.), of Position under, “ὑ. ποσσί” Il.2.784, al.; ὑ. πλατανίστῳ ib.307, cf. 18.558; ὑ. Τμώλῳ at its foot, 2.866, cf. Od.1.186; “Βερύσιοι ὑ. τῇ Ἴδῃ” IG12.191.11, cf. 373.118, al.; “ὑ. τῇ ἀκροπόλι” Hdt.6.105; τῶν θανόντων ὑπ᾽ Ἰλίῳ under its walls, E.Hec.764, cf. A.Ag.860; “πέτρῃ ὕ. γλαφυρῇ εὗδον, Βορέω ὑπ᾽ ἰωγῇ” Od.14.533; “ὑ. τοῖς ὄρεσιν ἔχειν τὰς πηγάς” Arist.Mete.350b27; “ὑ. πέτρᾳ παῖς” IG42(1).122.19 (Epid., iv B.C.); ὑ. τῷ ναῷ ἀστραγαλίζοντος αὐτοῦ ib.121.25 (ibid., iv B.C.); ηυπὺ τῇ κλίνῃ τούτῃ ληνὸς (or Λῆνος) ηύπυ ib.14.871 (Cumae, v B.C.); “στρουθοὶ ὑ. τῇ τραπέζῃ” Michel 832.33 (Samos, iv B.C.); “ὑ. τῇ μασχάλῃ” Hp.Art.11; “χέλυν δ᾽ ὑ. μασχάλῃ εἶχεν” h.Merc.242; “ὑ. ταῖς μασχάλαις” Arist.PA688b5,14; ὁ ὑ. τῇ γῇ ἀήρ under the earth, Id.Cael.295a28; ἐὰν ὑ. σοὶ κατακλινῇ lies next below you, Pl.Smp.222e; ὑφ᾽ ἅρμασι under, i.e. yoked to, the chariot, Il.8.402, 18.244; “εἶχε μάχαιραν ὑφ᾽ αὑτῷ παρεσκευασμένος” Plb.8.20.6 codd., cf. POxy.1800 Fr.2.36 (Vit.Aesop.); “ὑ. τοῖς χιτωνίσκοις περιζώματα φοροῦσιν” Plb.12.26a.4, cf. 13.7.9; τά τε θηρία καὶ τὰς ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῖς σχεδίας under them, on which they stood, Id.3.46.8; “τῆς γῆς τῆς ὑ. τῷ κόσμῳ κειμένης” Timae. ap. eund.12.25.7; “οἱ ὑ. τῇ ἄρκτῳ, τῇ μεσημβρία, οἰκοῦντες” Adam.2.31, cf. Arist.Pr.940a37, Phgn.806b16; “ὑ. τῷ μετώπῳ ὀφρύες” Id.HA491b14; “ὑ. τῷ γενείῳ” Plb.34.10.9; “τὰ ὑ. τοῖς ὕδασι καὶ ὑμέσι καὶ ὑέλοις” Hero *Deff.135.12; “ὑ. τῷ δέρματι” Gal. 18(2).102.
2. with Verbs of motion, where rest or position follows, εἷσαν ὑ. φηγῷ set [him] down under it, Il.5.693; “ἔζευξαν ὑφ᾽ ἅρμασιν . . ἵππους” Od.3.478, cf. Il.24.782; “ὑ. δ᾽ ἄξοσι . . ἔπιπτον” 16.378, cf. X.Cyr.7.1.37; “δέμνι᾽ ὑπ᾽ αἰθούσῃ θέμεναι” Il.24.644.
3. in such phrases as ὑ. χερσί τινος ἁλῶναι, δαμῆναι, 2.374,860, al.; “ἐμῇς ὑ. χερσὶ δάμασσον” 3.352; “ὑ. δουρὶ δαμῆναι” 5.653, etc.; “ἔκπεσον ἵππων Ἀτρεΐδεω ὑ. χερσί” 11.180; “ὤλετο . . ὑ. γαμφηλῇσι λέοντος” 16.489; “πέπληγμαι δ᾽ ὑπαὶ δάκει φοινίῳ” A.Ag.1164 (lyr.); “ἐν κονίῃσι πέσοιεν ὑπ᾽ ἀνδράσι” Il.6.453; “ὑ. τινὶ κτείνεσθαι” 16.490.
4. behind, “ὑ. φάλαγγι” Ascl.Tact.6.1; under the cover or protection of, “ὑ. τούτῳ τῷ φράγματι τοὺς ὑπορύσσοντας εἶναι” Aen.Tact.37.9; “ὑ. ταῖς αὑτῶν ἀσφαλείαις” Plb. 1.57.8, 4.12.10, 16.6.1.
II. of the person under whose hand, power, or influence, or the thing by or through which a thing is done, ὑπ᾽ Ἀργείοισι φέβοντο fled before them, Il.11.121; freq. in Hom. with intr. or pass. Verbs, “ἐφόβηθεν ὑφ᾽ Ἕκτορι” Il.15.637; “ὁρμηθέντες ὑ. πληγῇσιν ἱμάσθλης” Od.13.82; “βῆ . . θεῶν ὑ. πομπῇ” Il.6.171; “ὦρτο δὲ κῦμα πνοιῇ ὕπο” 23.215; “ὑ. λαίλαπι βέβριθε χθών” 16.384; τεκεῖν, τεκέσθαι ὑ. τινί, 2.714,728,742; “ἀτῆθαι ὑ. τῷ μεμφομένῳ” GDI4994.8 (Crete); “ὁ χρησμὸς ὁ γεγονὼς ὑ. τοῖ Ἀπόλλωνι” Inscr.Magn.38.5, cf. 12,31,52.
2. expressing subjection or dependence, ὑ. τινί under one's power, “δέδμητο δὲ λαὸς ὑπ᾽ αὐτῷ” Od.3.305, cf. Il.9.156; “ὑπ᾽ ἀνδράσιν οἶκον ἔχουσιν” Od. 7.68; εἶναι ὑ. τισί to be subordinate, subject to them, Th.1.32; ὑ. Χείρωνι τεθραμμένος under the eye of . . , Pl.R.391c; ἔχειν ὑφ᾽ ἑαυτῷ have under one, at one's command, X.Cyr.2.1.26; “τὰ θηρία τὰ ὑ. τοῖς ἀνθρώποις” Pl.R.563c; “ὑ. τινὶ στρατεύσασθαι” Plu.Cic.44: in pregnant sense, “ἵνα . . πάντα ὑ. Πέρσῃσι γένηται” Hdt.7.11, cf. Th.7.64; “ὑπ᾽ ἑωυτῷ ποιήσασθαι” Hdt.7.157; “κινδυνεύσαιμ᾽ ἂν ὑ. τῇ δυσχερεστάτῃ γενέσθαι τύχῃ” Lys.24.6; “ὑ. τῷ Μακεδόνι ταττομένων” Plb.18.11.4; “τοὺς τραφέντας ὑ. τούτοις” Id.6.7.2.
3. of the subordination of things coming under a class, “αἱ ὑ. ταῖς τέχναις ἐργασίαι” Pl.Smp.205c; “τὸ ὑ. ταῖς γεωμετρίαις” Id.R.511b; “ὄργανα . . τὰ ὑ. τῇ μουσικῇ” Id.Hp.Ma. 295d.
4. as in A. 11.5, ὑπ᾽ αὐλητῆρι πρόσθ᾽ ἔκιον advanced to the music of the flute-player, Hes.Sc.283; ὑπ᾽ αὐλῷ, ὑ. κήρυκι καὶ θεολόγῳ, Luc.DDeor.2.2, Alex.19; “ὑ. μάστιξι διορύττειν τὸν Ἄθω” Plu.2.470e: generally, of attendant circumstances, “ἐξ ἁλὸς εἶσι . . πνοιῇ ὕπο Ζεφύροιο” Od.4.402; ὑ. ῥάβδοις καὶ πελέκεσι κατιών escorted by the lictors, Plu.Publ.10; ὑ. σκότῳ, νυκτί, A.Ag.1030 (lyr.), A.R. 1.1022, etc.; “λάμπει δ᾽ ὑ. μαρμαρυγαῖς ὁ χρυσός” B.3.17; “αἰθομένα δᾲς ὑ. ξανθαἵσι πεύκαις” Pi.Fr.79; “ὑ. φωτὶ πολλῷ προσῄει” Plu.Galb.14; “ὑ. λαμπάσιν ἡμμέναις” Hld.10.41; ὑ. πολλῷ στρατῷ escorted by a great host, Nic.Dam.10J.; “ὑ. δικαιοσύνῃ διαγαγεῖν τὸν βίον” Pl.Ep.335d.— ὑπό has no sense c. dat. which it has not also c. gen.; but all its senses c. gen. do not belong to the dat.:—later ὑπό c. dat. is found as a mere periphr. of the dat., “στέφος . . αὐτὸς ὑφ᾽ ἡμετέραις πλεξάμενος παλάμαις” AP5.73 (Rufin.), cf. 85 (Claudian.); “λέων ὑπ᾽ ἄκοντι τετυμμένος” A.R.2.26, cf. Man.2.131.
C. WITH ACCUSATIVE, of Place; to express motion towards and under an object, ὑ. σπέος ἤλασε μῆλα drove them under, i.e. into, the cave, Il.4.279; “ὑ. ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν” Od.3.383; σεῦ ὕστερος εἶμ᾽ ὑ. γαῖαν, i.e. shall die, Il.18.333; “νέεσθαι ὑ. ζόφον” 23.51, cf. Od.3.335; κατακρύπτειν τινὰ ὑ. τὴν αὐτὴν θύρην under shelter of it, i.e. behind it, Hdt.1.12; “πάϊς ὣς ὑ. μητέρα δύσκεν εἰς Αἴαντα” Il.8.271; “ὅκως ἔωσι ὑ. τὸν πεζὸν στρατὸν τὸν σφέτερον” Hdt.9.96; “ὑ. τὸν πρῶτον λόχον τῶν ὁπλιτῶν τὸν πρῶτον λόχον τῶν ψιλῶν τετάχθαι” Ael.Tact.15.2; of coming close up under a lofty citadel, ἤλθεθ᾽ ὑ. Τροίην up to T., Od.4.146; “ὅτ᾽ ἔμελλεν ὑ. πτόλιν αἰπύ τε τεῖχος ἵξεσθαι” Il.11.181; “παυρότερον λαὸν ἀγαγόνθ᾽ ὑ. τεῖχος ἄρειον” 4.407; “ὑ. τὰ τείχη φεύγειν” Plb.1.74.11; “ὑ. τὰς ἴλας φεύγειν” Id.3.65.7, cf. 3.105.6, 11.21.5, al.; “ὑ. ταὐτὸ στέγος εἰσελθεῖν” GDI3536 B3 (Cnidus); “πᾶν ὃ ἐὰν ἔλθῃ . . ὑ. τὴν ῥάβδον” LXXLe.27.32, cf. De.4.11, al.; so ὑ. δικαστήριον ὑπαχθείς, ἀγαγόντες, Hdt.6.72,104 (cf. ὑπάγειν ὑ. τοὺς ἐφόρους ib.82) prob. refers to the elevated seats of the judges in court, cf. “ὑπάγω” A. 11.
2. of Position or Extension under an object, without sense of motion, “Ἀρκαδίην ὑ. Κυλλήνης ὄρος” Il.2.603, cf. 824, etc.; “ἰκριώσασι ὑ. τὴν ὀροφήν” IG12.374.76; ἐργασαμένοις τὸ ἄνθεμον ὑ. τὴν ἀσπίδα ib.371.9; “τὰ μὲν ὑ. τὸν λόφον καὶ τὰμ φάραγγα” Inscr.Prien.37.162 (ii B.C.); “ἀνθέντω ὑ. τὸν ναὸν τᾶς Δάματρος” IG5(1).1498.13 (loc. inc., ii B.C.); ὅσσοι ἔασιν ὑπ᾽ ἠῶ τ᾽ ἠέλιόν τε everywhere under the sun, Il.5.267; “ὑπ᾽ αὐγὰς ἠελίοιο φοιτῶσι” Od.2.181; “τῶν ὑ. τοῦτον τὸν ἥλιον . . ἀνθρώπων” D.18.270; “τὰ ὑ. τὴν ἄρκτον” Hdt. 5.10, cf. Arist.Mete.362a17; “οἴκησις ἡ λεγομένη ὑ. τὸν πόλον” Gem.5.38, cf. 16.21, al.; “ὑ. τὸν οὐρανόν” LXXEx.17.14, al., UPZ106.14 (i B.C.); “τὸ ὑ. τὴν ἀκρόπολιν” Th.2.17; “ὁ ὑ. γῆν λεγόμενος εἶναι θεός” Hdt.7.114, cf. Il.19.259; ὑ. γῆν is more freq. than ὑ. γῆς in Arist., Mete.349b29, al., in Hipparch., 1.3.10, al., and entirely supersedes ὑ. γῆς in Hdt., 2.124,125,127,148,150, 3.102, 4.195, 7.114, and Gem., 2.19, al.; it is found also in Plb.21.28.11, etc.; ὑ. γῆν the nadir, opp. μεσουράνημα, PLond.1.98r.49, 110.33 (i/ii A.D.); also “ἄγχε δέ μιν . . ἱμὰς ἁπαλὴν ὑ. δειρήν” Il.3.371; “Τρῶες . . πτῶσσον ὑ. κρημνούς” 21.26; “ἀγέροντο . . ἄλσος ὕ. σκιερόν” Od.20.278; “τρωφεὶς ὑ. τὸν ὀφθαλμόν” IG42(1).122.120 (Epid., iv B.C.); “οὐλὴ ὑπ᾽ ὀφθαλμὸν δεξιόν” PCair.Zen76.13 (iii B.C.); “ὑ. τὸ μέρος τοῦ ἐνοφειλομένου ὑπογραψάτω ὅσον ἰδίᾳ ἔχει” PRev.Laws 19.2 (iii B.C.); “κείμενος ὑ. τὸν ὀμφαλόν” Sor.1.7, cf. 67, al.; “ὑ. τὰς πύλας ἵππων πόδες φαίνονται” Th.5.10; “μὴ ὑποτιθέναι κύλικα ὑ. τὴν κλίνην” IG12(5).593 A21 (Ceos, v B. C.); ὑ. τὸν ὀδόν ib.42(1).102.249 (Epid., iv B.C.); “καταψύξατε ὑ. τὸ δένδρον” LXX Ge.18.4; ὑ. τὸν λέβητα ib.Ec.7.7(6); ὑ. τοὺς πόδας ib.La.3.34; “εἰς τοὺς ὑ. πόδα χωρεῖ τόπους” Dsc.5.75 (v. “πούς” 1.6 g); ἡ ὑ. πόδα (sc. γραμμή) the base of a triangle, Hero *Mens.55; also ὑπ᾽ αὐγὰς . . λεύσσουσαι πέπλους holding them up to the light, E.Hec.1154; also ὑ. τὸν ὀφθαλμόν close to the eye, Arist. Pr.874a9; “ὑποκειμένης τῆς Εὐβοίας ὑ. τὴν Ἀττικήν” Isoc.4.108; “ὑπ᾽ αὐτὴν ἐσχάτην στήλην ἔχων ἔχριμπτ᾽ ἀεὶ σύριγγα” S.El.720; “εἰθεωρήσειεν ὑπ᾽ αὐγὰς τὸν ἀνθρώπειον βίον” Iamb.Protr.8 (cf. “αὐγή” 1): of subordinate position. “κατακλίνεσθαι ὑ. τινά” Luc.Symp.9; τίς ὑ. τίνα; who is next to whom, Onos.10.2.
b. Math., ὁ κύβος ὁ ὑ. τὴν . . σφαι<*>ραν inscribed in the sphere, Papp.440.5; “εἶναι ὑ. τὸ αὐτὸ ὕψος” Euc.11.29, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.19; ὑ. τὰν αὐτὰν γωνίαν subtending . . , Id.Aren. 1.20 (cj.), cf. 21; “αἱ γωνίαι ὑφ᾽ ἃς αἱ ὁμόλογοι πλευραὶ ὑποτείνουσι” Euc.6.6,al.
3. of the logical subordination of things under a class, “τῶν ἑτερογενῶν καὶ μὴ ὑπ᾽ ἄλληλα τεταγμένων” Arist.Cat.1b16, etc.; οἱ ὑ. τὸ ψεῦδος τεταγμένοι in the category of . . , Luc.Ind.20.
II. of subjection, control, dependence, never in Hom., once in Hdt., “ὑ. βασιλέα δασμοφόρος” 7.108; “ὑ. σφᾶς ποιεῖσθαι” Th.4.60, cf. Pl.R.348d, Arist. HA488a10, etc.; “ἕως κα ᾖ ὑ. τὸν πατέρα” Test.Epict.3.29; “ὑ. τιν᾽ ἦν τῶν βασιλέων” Men.340; “τί δ᾽ οὐ κρατέοντος ὑπ᾽ ἰσχύν;” Call.Jov.75, cf. 74; “ὑ. Δία Γῆν Ἥλιον” Sammelb.5616 (i A.D.), POxy.722.6 (i/ii A.D.), etc. (v. “ἥλιος” 11.1); “ὑ. θεὸν καὶ ἄνθρωπον” Michel854.52 (Halic., iii B.C.); “τοῦ τοπαρχοῦντος ὑ. σέ” PCair.Zen.322.3 (iii B.C.); “στρατενσάμενον ὑ. ἄρχοντα Ἀντίοχον” IG12(1).43.7 (Rhodes); “μηδὲ ὑ. δεσπότην ὤν” LXXPr. 6.7, cf. Ps.143.2; for ὑ. χεῖρα, v. χείρ; οἱ ὑ. τινά X.Cyr.3.3.6,8.8.5, etc.; “τοῖς ὑφ᾽ αὑτὸν τεταγμένοις” GDI3750.75 (Rhodes).
III. of Time, in the course of, during, or to be left untranslated in English, “ἐκέλευε Τοωσὶ ποτὶ πτόλιν ἡγήσασθαι νύχθ᾽ ὕ. τήνδ᾽ ὀλοήν” Il.22.102; “ὑ. τὴν νύκτα ταύτην” Hdt.9.51, cf. 58; ὑ. τὴν πρώτην ἐπελθοῦσαν νύκτα ἀπέδρη Id 6.2; “τῆς κολοκύνθης . . ἣ ἐγενήθη ὑ. νύκτα καὶ ὑ. νύκτα ἀπώλετο” LXXJn.4.10: rarely with stress on the duration, πάνθ᾽ ὑ. μηνιθμόν throughout its continuance, Il.16.202; “ὑ. τὸν παρεόντα τόνδε πόλεμον” Hdt.9.60; οὐδὲν τῶν κατ᾽ Αἴγυπτον ὑ. ταῦτα ἑτεροιωθῆναι during that time, Id.2.142; “ὑ. τὸν χρόνον ὃν οἱ ἑξήκοντα καὶ τριηκόσιοι ἦρχον οἵδε ἐθεόρεον” IG12(8).276.4 (Thasos).
2. also of Time, about, sts. more precisely at, and of events, about or at the time of, ὑπ᾽ αὐτὸν τὸν χρόνον ὅτε . . Ar.Ach.139, cf. Hdt.7.165; “ὑπ᾽ αὐτὸν τὸν καιρόν” Plb. 11.27.4, 16.15.8; ὑφ᾽ ἕνα καιρόν at one time, Diog.Oen.38; “ὑ. τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον” Th.2.26; “ὑ. τοὺς αὐτοὺς χρόνους” Id.1.100; “ὑ. τὸν σεισμόν” Id.2.27, cf. Plb.4.33.5, Plu.Alex.14; ὑ. τὴν ἑωθινήν, ὑ. τὴν ὄρφνην, Plb. 18.19.5,7; “ὑ. τὸν ὄρθρον” Act.Ap.5.21, Gp.2.4.3; ποιεῖσθαι τοὺς περιπάτους ὑ. τὸ ψῦχος in the cool of the morning, Plb.5.56.10; ὑφ᾽ ἓν πάντες all at once, at the same time, Arr.Epict.3.22.33, cf. S.E.M. 10.124, Sor.1.103, al.; παιδάριον ὑ. τὴν ἀναπνοὴν ἑπτὰ καὶ πέντε στίχους συνεῖρον in one breath, Plb.10.47.9; ὑφ᾽ ἓν ἐκτρῖψαι at one blow, LXX Wi.12.9; ὑ. μίαν ἄρσιν καὶ θέσιν ἀνατείνοντες καὶ κατατιθέμενοι, of a squad of diggers, Gp.2.45.5; ὑ. μίαν φωνήν Aristeas 178; πῶς γὰρ ἂν ὑ. τὰς αὐτὰς ἡμέρας ἔν τε τῇ Ἰταλίᾳ καὶ ἐν τῇ Κιλικίᾳ . . πολεμήσειε; at the same time, D.C.36.35; sts. c. part., ὑ. τὸν νηὸν κατακαέντα at the time of its burning, Hdt.1.51; ὑ. τὴν κατάλυσιν τοῦ πολέμου just at the end, X.Mem.2.8.1, cf. Plu.Mar.46; ὑ. τὸν θυμὸν ἐκ χειρὸς ἐπιστρατευσαμένων at the very time of their anger, Plb. 2.19.10; “ὑ. παροξυσμόν” Gal.19.215; παραδόντω τοῖς αἱρεθεῖσι εἰς τὸν ὑπ᾽ αὐτὰ (or ὕπαυτα as Adv. = ἑξῆς）“ ἐνιαυτόν” IG9(1).694.60 (Corc., ii/i B.C.); “ὑ. κύνα” Arist.HA547a14, Thphr.CP1.13.3, D.S.19.109; “ὑ. τὰς θερινὰς [τροπὰς] καὶ τοῦ κυνὸς τὴν ἐπιτολήν” Gp.2.6.17.
IV. of accompaniment, “ὑπὸ ὄρχησίν τε καὶ ᾠδήν” Pl.Lg.670a; “ὑ. αὐλὸν διαλέγεσθαι” X.Smp.6.3 codd. (ὑ. τοῦ αὐλοῦ Cobet); ὑ. κήρυκα (v. “κῆρυξ” 1.3).—Compare A.11.5, B.11.4.
2. ὄνον ἕνα ὑ. λαχανόσπερμον laden with . . , Meyer Ostr.81.2 (i A. D.), cf. PFay.p.324 (i A.D.); “ὄνοι ὑ. δένδρα” BGU362i6, al. (iii A.D.); cf. supr. A.11.8.
D. POSITION: ὑ. can follow its Subst., becoming by anastrophe ὕπο. It is freq. separated from the Subst. by intervening words, as in Il.2.465, Od.5.320, 7.130:—ὑπαί is placed after its case in A. Eu.417, S.El.1418, Inach. l.c., although acc. to Hdn.Gr.1.480 it cannot suffer anastrophe.
E. AS ADV., under, below, beneath, freq. in Hom.; esp. of young animals, under the mother, i.e. at the breast, Od.4.636, 21.23.
II. ὑπ᾽ ἐκ or ὑπέκ, v. ὑπέκ.—In Hom. the separation of the Prep. from its Verb by tmesis is very freq., and sts. it follows, in which case it suffers anastrophe, “φυγὼν ὕπο νηλεὲς ἦμαρ” Od.9.17.
F. IN COMPOSITION:
3. of the agency or influence under which a thing is done, to express subjection or subordination, ὑποδαμνάω, ὑποδμώς, ὑφηνίοχος, cf. ἐπί G. 111.
II. denoting what is in small degree or gradual, somewhat, a little, as in ὑποκινέω, ὑποδεής, ὑπόλευκος (so in tmesi, “ὑ. τι ἀσεβῆ” Pl.Phdr. 242d, cf. Grg.493c; “ὑ. τι μικρὸν ἐπιθήκισα” Ar.V.1290 (lyr.)).
III. underhand, secretly, as in ὑποθέω, ὑποθωπεύω, ὑποκορίζομαι, ὑπόρνυμι.
