I.perf. subj. exstinxit, for exstinxerit, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 43.—Contracted forms exstinxsti, Verg. A. 4, 682; Pac. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 193; “and exstinxem,” Verg. A. 4, 606), v. a., to put out what is burning, to quench, extinguish (class.; esp. freq. in Cic. and in the trop. signif.).
I. Lit.: “recens exstinctum lumen,” Lucr. 6, 791: “exstincta lumina,” Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 2: “faces,” Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 228: “lucernam,” id. 31, 3, 28, § 49; cf.: “senes mori sic videntur ut sua sponte nulla adhibita vi consumptus ignis exstinguitur,” goes out, Cic. de Sen. 19, 71: “ignem,” Ov. F. 2, 712: “incendium,” Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2: “sol exstinguitur,” id. Rep. 6, 22: exstincto calore ipsi exstinguimur, id. N. D. 2, 9, 23: “calx exstincta,” i. e. slaked, Vitr. 2, 5.—
B. Transf., to deprive of life or strength, to kill, destroy: “animam alicui,” Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 16: “nolite, hunc jam natura ipsa occidentem velle maturius exstingui vulnere vestro,” Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf. id. N. D. 2, 9, 23: “juvenem fortuna morbo exstinxit,” Liv. 8, 3, 7: “vir egregius exstinctus,” cut off, Cic. Brut. 1, 1; id. Rep. 6, 14; Verg. E. 5, 20; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 14; Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 25; Tac. A. 3, 7 et saep.: “rapitur miser exstinguendus Messalinae oculis,” Juv. 10, 332: “vel modico tepore sucus exstinguitur,” i. e. is dried up, Curt. 6, 4, 11: “mammas,” Plin. 23, 2, 32, § 67: “odorem alii,” to destroy, id. 19, 6, 34, § 113: “venena,” to render powerless, id. 20, 17, 69, § 179: aquam Albanam dissipatam rivis, to consume, get rid of, an old prophecy in Liv. 5, 16, 9.—
II. Trop., to abolish, destroy, annihilate, annul (syn.: tollo, deleo, opprimo, diruo, everto, demolior, destruo; “opp. inflammo): tyrannis institutis leges omnes exstinguuntur atque tolluntur,” Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 5: “ea, quae antea scripserat,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 172: “improbitas exstinguenda atque delenda est,” id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 26: “potentiam exstinguere atque opprimere,” id. Rosc. Am. 13, 36; “but also distinguished from opprimere: ut exstinctae potius amicitiae quam oppressae esse videantur,” extinct, id. Lael. 21, 78: “ad sensus animorum atque motus vel inflammandos vel etiam exstinguendos,” id. de Or. 1, 14, 60: “sermo omnis ille oblivione posteritatis extinguitur,” id. Rep. 6, 23 fin.; cf.: “exstinctis rumoribus,” Caes. B. C. 1, 60 fin.: “ad ejus salutem exstinguendam,” Cic. Mil. 2, 5: “nomen populi Romani,” id. Cat. 4, 4, 7: “superiorem gloriam rei militaris,” Caes. B. G. 5, 29, 4: “memoriam publicam,” Cic. Mil. 27, 73: “gratiam,” id. Fam. 1, 1, 4: “familiaritates,” id. Lael. 10, 35: “invidiam,” id. Balb. 6, 16: “infamiam,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 168: causam nascentem dissensionis, Matius in Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2: “consuetudinem,” Cic. Cael. 25, 61: “reliquias belli,” id. Fam. 10, 25, 1: “bellum civile,” Plin. 7, 26, 27, § 96: “jus pignoris,” Dig. 20, 1, 9; cf. “fideicommissum,” ib. 32, 1, 11: “actionem,” ib. 47, 2, 42 al.
