I. Lit.
A. In gen., i. q. βασκαίνειν (fascinare), to look askance at, to look maliciously or spitefully at, to cast an evil eye upon (only anteclass.).—With acc.: ut est in Menalippo: quisnam florem liberūm invidit meūm? Male Latine videtur; sed praeclare Attius; ut enim videre, sic invidere florem rectius, quam flori. Nos consuetudine prohibemur; “poëta jus suum tenuit et dixit audacius,” Cic. Tusc. 3, 9, 20.—Absol.: “ne quis malus invidere possit,” produce misfortune by his evil eye, Cat. 5, 12 sq. —
B. Trop., to be prejudiced against one, to be influenced by prejudice: “semper dignitatis iniquus judex est, qui aut invidet aut favet,” Cic. Planc. 3, 7; cf.: “cui nisi invidisset is, etc.,” id. Fam. 5, 21, 2.—
II. Transf.
(α).
With dat. of the person or thing exciting the feeling: “malim mihi inimicos invidere quam inimicis me meis,” Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 30: “invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,” Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 209; id. Ac. 2, 2, 7: “probus invidet nemini,” id. Univ. 3: “bonis,” Sall. C. 51, 38: “invidet ipsa sibi,” Ov. F. 2, 591: “Troasin,” id. H. 13, 137.—Pass. impers.: “sibi ne invideatur,” Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 15: “illi, quibus invidetur,” id. Truc. 4, 2, 32: “invidia dicitur ... etiam in eo cui invidetur,” Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 16: “si is cui invidetur, et invidet,” Sen. Ep. 84, 11. — Of the thing: “eorum commodis,” Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 149: “honori,” Verg. A. 5, 541; Cic. Agr. 2 fin.: “virtuti,” id. Balb. 6, 15; id. de Or. 2, 51, 208: “virtuti vestrae,” Sall. C. 58, 21: “omnia tunc quibus invideas si lividulus sis,” Juv. 11, 110.—
(β).
Alicui in aliqua re: “in qua (purpura) tibi invideo, quod, etc.,” Cic. Fl. 29, 70: “in hoc Crasso,” id. de Or. 2, 56, 228.—
(γ).
Alicui with gen. of the thing (poet.): “neque ille Sepositi ciceris nec longae invidit avenae,” Hor. S. 2, 6, 84.—
(δ).
Alicui aliqua re: “non inviderunt laude sua mulieribus viri Romani,” Liv. 2, 40, 11: “nobis voluptate,” Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2; so with abl. alone: “ne hostes quidem sepulturā invident,” Tac. A. 1, 22; id. Germ. 33: “nec invidebo vobis hac arte,” Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. § “7: qua (ratione) nulli mortalium invideo,” id. de Vit. Beat. 24, 6; cf.: “si anticum sermonem nostro comparemus, paene jam quidquid loquimur figura est, ut hac re invidere, non ut omnes veteres et Cicero praecipue, hanc rem,” Quint. 9, 3, 11. — (ε) With ob: ob secundas res malorum hominum, Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 5. — (ζ) Absol.: “qui invident, eorum, etc.,” of envious men, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 149; Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 17: “qui invidet minor est,” Plin. Ep. 6, 17, 4; Cic. Brut. 50, 188: “non equidem invideo,” Verg. E. 1, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 1; id. P. 1, 8, 8: “invidit Clytie,” id. M. 4, 234.—(η) Alicui aliquid (mostly post-class.; not in Cic.; cf. “Krebs, Antibarb. p. 624 sq.): fama fuit Monuni Dardanorum principis filiam pacto fratri eum invidisse,” Liv. 44, 30, 4 Weissenb.: “sibi laudem,” Curt. 9, 4, 21: “nobis caeli te regia, Caesar, invidet,” Verg. G. 1, 504: “mihi senectus invidet imperium,” id. A. 8, 509; cf.: “Liber pampineas invidit collibus umbras,” i. e. deprives of, id. E. 7, 58 Forbig. ad loc.; cf. D. infra; Ov. F. 4, 86: “homini misero medicinam,” Petr. 129: “sibi voluptatem,” Spart. Hadr. 20 init.; Val. Max. 4, 3, ext. 1. — (θ) Alicui with object-clause: “invidere alii bene esse, tibi male esse, miseriast,” Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 31: “nullus est cui non invideant rem secundam optingere,” id. Bacch. 3, 6, 14.— (ι) Aliquid alone, to envy the possession of, envy one on account of: “oro vos id mihi dare quod multi invideant, plures concupiscant,” Nep. Thras. 4, 2: “nam quis invideat mala,” Sen. Herc. Oet. 36; cf.: haec qui gaudent, gaudeant perpetuo suo bono; “qui invident, etc.,” Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 49. — Pass.: ego cur, acquirere pauca Si possum, invideor? (for cur mihi invidetur) am I envied? Hor. A. P. 56.—Impers.: “invidetur enim commodis hominum ipsorum,” Cic. de Or. 2, 51: “non dixi invidiam, quae tum est, cum invidetur,” id. Tusc. 3, 9, 20.— Hence, P. a., invĭdendus , a, um, enviable: “aula,” Hor. C. 2, 10, 7: “postis,” id. ib. 3, 1, 45; Sen. Const. Sap. 13, 3. —
B. To be loath, be unwilling; with a foll. inf. (poet.): “invidens deduci triumpho,” Hor. C. 1, 37, 30. —With abl.: invidere igne rogi miseris, to grudge, i. e. not grant a burning and burial, Luc. 7, 798.—With inf.: “his te quoque jungere, Caesar, Invideo,” am not willing, Luc. 2, 550.—
C. To emulate, aspire to rival: “Caesar et se illius gloriae invidere, et illum suae invidisse dixit,” Val. Max. 5, 1, 10.—
D. To hinder, prevent; to refuse, deny: “plurima, quae invideant pure apparere tibi rem,” Hor. S. 1, 2, 100: “invidisse deos, ut Conjugium optatum viderem,” Verg. A. 11, 269; cf.: “tene invidit fortuna mihi, ne, etc.,” id. ib. 11, 43: “Cereri totum natura concessit, oleum ac vinum non invidit tautum,” Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 8: “nobis invidit inutile ferrum,” Ov. P. 2, 8, 59: nec famam invidit Apollo, Sil. 4, 400.—With dat. and abl.: “tibi laude, nobis voluptate,” Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2.— With abl. alone: “ne hostes quidem sepulturā invident,” Tac. A. 1, 22: “exemplo,” id. ib. 15, 63: “spectaculo proelii,” id. G. 33: “bona morte,” Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 8.—Hence,
1. invĭdens , entis, P. a., envious: “nocere invidenti,” Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 17; Hor. C. 1, 37, 30; Vell. 2, 73, 1: “sive apud cupidos sive apud invidentes dicendum habuerit orator,” Tac. Dial. 31 med. —
2. invīsus , a, um, P. a.
a. Hated, hateful, detested (class.).
(α).
Of persons, animals, etc.: “persona lutulenta, impura, invisa,” Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20: “Cato,” id. Dom. 25, 65: “suspectos alios invisosque efficere,” Liv. 41, 24, 18: “me invisum meo patri esse intellego,” Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 79: “invisos nos esse illos,” Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 48: “deo,” Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 167: “caelestibus,” Verg. A. 1, 387: “divis,” id. ib. 2, 647: “Minervae,” id. G. 4, 246; Ov. Am. 2, 6, 34: “dominae deae,” id. ib. 3, 13, 18: “infamem invisumque plebei Claudium facere,” Liv. 27, 20, 11: “ne invisi apud incolas forent, caverunt,” Just. 36, 2, 15; Quint. 3, 7, 19; 5, 13, 38: “(Helena) abdiderat sese atque aris invisa sedebat,” Verg. A. 2, 574 Forbig. ed. 4 ad loc.; cf.: “Tyndaridis facies invisa,” id. ib. 2, 601. — Comp.: “quo quis versutior et callidior est, hoc invisior et suspectior,” Cic. Off. 2, 9.—Sup.: “ipsi invisissimus fuerat,” Plin. Ep. 2, 20.—
(β).
Of inanim. and abstr. things: “cupressus,” Hor. C. 2, 14, 23: “negotia,” id. Ep. 1, 14, 17: “dis inmortalibus oratio nostra,” Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47: “regna dis invisa,” Verg. A. 8, 245: “Troja jacet Danais invisa puellis,” Ov. H. 1, 3: “improbitas judici,” Quint. 6, 4, 15: “potestatem invisam facere,” Liv. 3, 9, 10: “nomen Romanum ad aliquem,” id. 24, 32, 2: “omnia invisa efficere,” id. 42, 42, 5: “lux,” Verg. A. 4, 631: “facies,” id. ib. 9, 734: “vita,” id. ib. 11, 177: “lumina,” id. ib. 12, 62: “aurum,” Prop. 3, 5, 3: “locus,” Ov. P. 2, 8, 64: “liberalitas,” Curt. 8, 8, 9: “Macedonum nomen,” id. 10, 1, 4.—