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pēs , pĕdis, m. kindr. with Sanscr. pād, foot, from root pad, ire; Gr. ποδ-, ποῦς; Goth. fōt; old Germ. vuoz; Engl. foot,
I.a foot of man or beast.
I. Lit.: “si pes condoluit,Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52: “calcei apti ad pedem,id. de Or. 1, 54, 231: “nec manus, nec pedes, nec alia membra,id. Univ. 6: “pede tellurem pulsare,” i. e. to dance, Hor. C. 1, 37, 1; cf.: “alterno pede terram quatere,id. ib. 1, 4, 7; “4, 1, 27: pedis aptissima forma,Ov. Am. 3, 3, 7: “aves omnes in pedes nascuntur,are born feet first, Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149: “cycnum pedibus Jovis armiger uncis Sustulit,Verg. A. 9, 564; cf. id. ib. 11, 723: pedem ferre, to go or come, id. G. 1, 11: “si in fundo pedem posuisses,set foot, Cic. Caecin. 11, 31: pedem efferre, to step or go out, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 19: “qui pedem portā non extulit,Cic. Att. 8, 2, 4; 6, 8, 5: “pedem portā non plus extulit quam domo suā,id. ib. 8, 2, 4: pedem limine efferre, id. Cael. 14, 34: pedem referre, revocare, retrahere, to go or come back, to return: “profugum referre pedem,Ov. H. 15, 186; id. M. 2, 439.—Said even of streams: “revocatque pedem Tiberinus ab alto,Verg. A. 9, 125: “retrahitque pedes simul unda relabens,id. ib. 10, 307; cf. infra, II. H.: pedibus, on foot, afoot: “cum ingressus iter pedibus sit,Cic. Sen. 10, 34; Suet. Aug. 53.— “Esp. in phrase: pedibus ire, venire, etc.: pedibus proficisci,Liv. 26, 19: “pedibus iter conficere,id. 44, 5: “quod flumen uno omnino loco pedibus transire potest,Caes. B. G. 5, 18: “(Caesar) pedibus Narbonem pervenit,id. B. C. 2, 21: “ut neque pedibus aditum haberent,id. B. G. 3, 12 init.—Rarely pede ire (poet. and late Lat.): “quo bene coepisti, sic pede semper eas,Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 66: “Jordanem transmiserunt pede,Ambros. in Psa. 118, 165, n. 16.—Trop.: “Bacchus flueret pede suo,” i. e. wine unmixed with water, Auct. Aetn. 13; cf.: “musta sub adducto si pede nulla fluant,Ov. P. 2, 9, 32, and II. H. infra.—Pregn., by land: “cum illud iter Hispaniense pedibus fere confici soleat: aut si quis navigare velit, etc.,Cic. Vatin. 5, 12: “seu pedibus Parthos sequimur, seu classe Britannos,Prop. 2, 20, 63 (3, 23, 5): “ego me in pedes (conicio),take to my heels, make off, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 5.— Esp.: ad pedes alicui or alicujus, accidere, procidere, jacere, se abicere, se proicere, procumbere, etc., to approach as a suppliant, to fall at one's feet: “ad pedes omnium singillatim accidente Clodio,Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5: “abjectā togā se ad generi pedes abiecit,id. ib. 4, 2, 4: “rex procidit ad pedes Achillei,Hor. Epod. 17, 14: “vos ad pedes lenonis proiecistis,Cic. Sest. 11, 26: “filius se ad pedes meos prosternens,id. Phil. 2, 18, 45: “tibi sum supplex, Nec moror ante tuos procubuisse pedes,Ov. H. 12, 186: “cui cum se moesta turba ad pedes provolvisset,Liv. 6, 3, 4: “ad pedes Caesaris provoluta regina,Flor. 4, 11, 9: “(mater una) mihi ad pedes misera jacuit,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 129; cf.: “amplecti pedes potui,Ov. M. 9, 605: “complector, regina, pedes,Luc. 10, 89: “servus a pedibus,a footman, lackey, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1: sub pedibus, under one's feet, i. e. in one's power, Verg. A. 7, 100; Liv. 34, 32: sub pedibus esse or jacere, to be or lie under one's feet, i. e. to be disregarded (poet.): “sors ubi pessima rerum, Sub pedibus timor est,Ov. M. 14, 490: “amicitiae nomen Re tibi pro vili sub pedibusque jacet,id. Tr. 1, 8, 16: pedem opponere, to put one's foot against, i. e. to withstand, resist, oppose (poet.), id. P. 4, 6, 8: pedem trahere, to drag one's foot, i. e. to halt, limp; said of scazontic verse, id. R. Am. 378: trahantur haec pedibus, may be dragged by the heels, i. e. may go to the dogs (class.): “fratrem mecum et te si habebo, per me ista pedibus trahantur,Cic. Att. 4, 16, 10; id. Fam. 7, 32, 2: ante pedes esse or ante pedes posita esse, to lie before one's feet, i. e. before one's eyes, to be evident, palpable, glaring: “istuc est sapere, non quod ante pedes modo est, Videre, sed etiam illa, quae futura sunt, Prospicere,Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 32: “transilire ante pedes posita, et alia longe repetita sumere,Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 160: “omni pede stare,” i. e. to use every effort, make every exertion, Quint. 12, 9, 18: nec caput nec pes, neither head nor foot, beginning nor end, no part: “nec caput nec pes sermonum apparet,Plaut. As. 3, 3, 139: “garriet quoi neque pes neque caput conpareat,id. Capt. 3, 4, 81: tuas res ita contractas, ut, quemadmodum scribis, nec caput nec pedes, Curio ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 2: “ut nec pes nec caput uni Reddatur formae,Hor. A. P. 8: “dixit Cato, eam legationem nec caput, nec pedes, nec cor habere,Liv. Epit. 50: pes felix, secundus, i. e. a happy or fortunate arrival: “adi pede secundo,Verg. A. 8, 302: “felix,Ov. F. 1, 514; cf.: “boni pedis homo, id est cujus adventus afferat aliquid felicitatis,Aug. Ep. ad Max. Gram. 44.—So esp. pes dexter, because it was of good omen to move the right foot first; “temples had an uneven number of steps, that the same foot might touch the first step and first enter the temple,Vitr. 3, 3; cf. Petr. 30: “quove pede ingressi?Prop. 3 (4), 1, 6.—So the left foot was associated with bad omens; cf. Suet. Aug. 92 init.: “pessimo pede domum nostram accessit,App. M. 6, 26, p. 184, 1; hence, dextro pede, auspiciously: quid tam dextro pede concipis, etc., Juv. 10, 5: pedibus pecunia compensatur, said proverbially of distant lands purchased at a cheap rate, but which it costs a great deal to reach, Cato ap. Cic. Fl. 29, 72: a pedibus usque ad caput, from head to foot, all over (late Lat.; cf.: “ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20), Aug. in Psa. 55, 20; 90, 1, 2 et saep.; cf.: “a vestigio pedis usque ad verticem,Ambros. Offic. Min. 2, 22, 114.—
B. In partic.
1. Milit. t. t.: descendere ad pedes, to alight, dismount, of cavalry, Liv. 9, 22: “pedibus merere,to serve on foot, as a foot-soldier, id. 24, 18: “ad pedes pugna ierat,they fought on foot, id. 21, 46: pedem conferre, to come to close quarters: “collato pede rem gerere,id. 26, 39; Cic. Planc. 19, 48.—
2. Publicist's t. t.: pedibus ire in sententiam alicujus, to adopt one's opinion, take sides with one: “cum omnes in sententiam ejus pedibus irent,Liv. 9, 8, 13; 5, 9, 2.—
II. Transf.
A. A foot of a table, stool, bench, etc., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 46: “mensae sed erat pes tertius impar,Ov. M. 8, 661; cf.: “pedem et nostrum dicimus, et lecti, et veli, ut carminis (v. in the foll.),Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 2: “tricliniorum,Plin. 34, 2, 4, § 9: “subsellii,Auct. Her. 4, 55, 68: “pes argenteus (mensae),Juv. 11, 128.—
B. Pes veli, a rope attached to a sail for the purpose of setting it to the wind, a sheet: “sive utrumque Juppiter Simul secundus incidisset in pedem,Cat. 4, 19: “pede labitur aequo,” i. e. before the wind, with the wind right aft, Ov. F. 3, 565: “pedibus aequis,Cic. Att. 16, 6 init.; cf. also the passage quoted above from Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 2; and: “prolato pede, transversos captare Notos,id. Med. 322.— Hence, facere pedem, to veer out one sheet, to take advantage of a side wind, to haul the wind: una omnes fecere pedem; “pariterque sinistros, Nunc dextros solvere sinus,Verg. A. 5, 830: “prolatis pedibus,Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.—
C. The foot of a mountain (post-class.): “Orontes imos pedes Casii montis praetermeans,Amm. 14, 8, 10 al.
D. Ground, soil, territory (post-class.): “in Caesariensis pede,Sol. 3, 2: “omnis Africa Zeugitano pede incipit,id. 27, 1; cf.: “quamvis angustum pedem dispositio fecit habitabilem,Sen. Tranq. An. 10, 4.—
E. The stalk or pedicle of a fruit, esp. of the grape, together with the husk: “vinaceorum pes proruitur,Col. 12, 43; so id. 12, 36.—Of the olive, Plin. 15, 1, 2, § 5: pes milvinus or milvi, the stalk or stem of the plant batis, Col. 12, 7.—Hence, as a name for several plants: pedes gallinacei, a plant: “Capnos trunca, quam pedes gallinaceos vocant,Plin. 25, 13, 98, § 155: “pedes betacei,beetroots, Varr. R. R. 1, 27.—
F. Pedes navales, rowers, sailors, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 75.—
G. The barrow of a litter, Cat. 10, 22.—
H. Poet., of fountains and rivers: inde super terras fluit agmine dulci, Quā via secta semel liquido pede detulit undas, Lucr, 5, 272; “6, 638: crepante lympha desilit pede,Hor. Epod. 16, 47: “liquido pede labitur unda,Verg. Cul. 17: “lento pede sulcat harenas Bagrada,Sil. 6, 140.—
2. A kind of verse, measure: “et pede, quo debent fortia bella geri,Ov. Ib. 646: “Lesbius,Hor. C. 4, 6, 35.—
L. In music, time (postAug.), Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 6.—
M. A foot, as a measure of length (class.): “ne iste hercle ab istā non pedem discedat,Plaut. As. 3, 3, 13: “ab aliquo pedem discessisse,Cic. Deiot. 15, 42: “pedem e villā adhuc egressi non sumus,id. Att. 13, 16, 1: “pes justus,Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317.—Hence, transf.: pede suo se metiri, to measure one's self by one's own foot-rule, i. e. by one's own powers or abilities, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 98.—
N. Pedes, lice; v. pedis.—
O. The leg (late Lat.), in phrase: pedem frangere, Aug. Civ. Dei, 22, 22, 3; id. Serm. 273, 7.
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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (70):
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 7.31.2
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 7.32.2
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 13.16.1
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 16.6
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 1.14.5
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 2.1.5
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 8.2.4
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 8.5.1
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 3.12
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 5.18
    • Cicero, For Marcus Caelius, 14.34
    • Cicero, Philippics, 2.18.45
    • Cicero, For Aulus Caecina, 11.31
    • Cicero, For Quintus Roscius the Actor, 7.20
    • Cicero, Against Vatinius, 5.12
    • Cicero, For Plancius, 19.48
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.5.129
    • Cicero, For King Deiotarius, 15.42
    • Cicero, For Sestius, 11.26
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 14.490
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 2.439
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 8.661
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 9.605
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 5.830
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 7.100
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 8.302
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 9.125
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 9.564
    • Vergil, Georgics, 1.11
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 53
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 92
    • Horace, Satires, 2.1.28
    • Horace, Ars Poetica, 8
    • Vitruvius, On Architecture, 3.3
    • Caesar, Civil War, 2.21
    • Plautus, Asinaria, 3.3
    • Plautus, Bacchides, 3.3
    • Plautus, Captivi, 3.4
    • Plautus, Menaechmi, 2.2
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 1.54
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 3.40
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 3.47
    • Lucan, Civil War, 10.89
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 15.5
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 29.6
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 34.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 24, 18
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 44, 5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 9, 22
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 9, 8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 5, 9.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 19
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 39
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 3.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 34, 32
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 46
    • Seneca, Medea, 322
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 2.34.2
    • Cicero, De Senectute, 10
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 2.22
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 12, 9.18
    • Ovid, Tristia, 1.8
    • Ovid, Tristia, 1.9
    • Ovid, Tristia, 5.12
    • Ovid, Ex Ponto, 2.9
    • Ovid, Ex Ponto, 4.6
    • Ovid, Fasti, 1
    • Ovid, Fasti, 3
    • Augustine, Epistualae, 44
    • Cicero, Timaeus, 6
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