previous next
sŭus , a, um (old form sos, sa, sum;
I.dat. plur. sis, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll.; acc. sas. id. ib. p. 325 ib.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 47; Schol. Pers. 1, 108; sing. sam for suam, Fest. p. 47 Müll.; “so for suo, C. I. L. 5, 2007. In ante-class. verse su- with the following vowel freq. forms one syllable,Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 48; id. Ps. 1, 3, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 68; Lucr. 1, 1022; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 189 sqq.), pron. poss., 3d pers. [root SVA-; Sanscr. svá, own; cf. sui; Gr. σεϝο-, whence σφε, etc., and ; cf. ἑός], of or belonging to himself, herself, etc.; his own, her own, etc.; his, her, its, their; one's; hers, theirs.
I. Ordinary possessive use his, etc. (cf. the similar use of the pers. pron. sui, q. v.).
A. With antecedent in the same sentence.
1. The antecedent a subject-nominative, expressed or understood.
(δ). Their: (legiones) si consulem suum reliquerunt, vituperandae sunt Cic. Phil. 5, 2, 4: “mittent aliquem de suo numero,id. ib. 11, 10, 25: “rationem illi sententiae suae non fere reddebant,id. Tusc. 1, 17, 38: “qui agellos suos redimere a piratis solebant,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 37, § 85: “edicunt ut ad suum vestitum senatores redirent,id. Sest. 14, 32: “suis finibus eos prohibent,Caes. B. G. 1, 1: Allobrogibus sese persuasuros existimabant ut per suos (Allobrogum) fines eos (Helvetios) ire paterentur, id. id. 1, 6; “and distributively: ac naves onerariae LXIII. in portu expugnatae, quaedam cum suis oneribus, frumento, armis, aere, etc.,some with their several cargoes, Liv. 26, 47, 9.—
4. With object-acc. as antecedent.
(α). Suus being an adjunct of the subject (generally rendered in Engl. by a pass. constr.): “hunc pater suus de templo deduxit,he was taken from the temple by his father, Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 52: “hunc sui cives e civitate ejecerunt,id. Sest. 68, 142: “Alexandrum uxor sua ... occidit,id. Inv. 2, 49, 144: “illum ulciscentur mores sui,id. Att. 9, 12, 2: “quodsi quem natura sua ... forte deficiet,id. Or. 1, 14: “utrumque regem sua multitudo consalutaverat,Liv. 1, 7, 1: “quas (urbes) sua virtus ac dii juvent, magnas sibi opes facere,id. 1, 9, 3; 1, 7, 15; 6, 33, 5: “quos nec sua conscientia impulerit, nec, etc.,id. 26, 33, 3; 25, 14, 7: “consulem C. Marium servus suus interemit,Val. Max. 6, 8, 2: “quis non Vedium Pollionem pejus oderat quam servi sui?Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2: “sera dies sit quā illum gens sua caelo adserat,id. Cons. Poll. 12 (31), 5.—With the antecedent understood from the principal sentence: “ita forma simili pueri ut mater sua internoscere (sc. eos) non posset,Plaut. Men. prol. 19; and with suus as adjunct both of the subject and of the antecedent: jubet salvere suos vir uxorem suam, id. merc. 4, 3, 11. —
(γ). As adjunct of other members of the sentence: “ad parentes suos ducas Silenium,Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 86. nam is illius filiam conicit in navem clam matrem suam (i.e. filiae), id. Mil. 2, 1, 34: “eosdem ad quaestoris sui aut imperatoris, aut commilitonum suorum pericula impulistis,Cic. Phil. 13, 17, 34: “totum enim ex suā patriā sustulisti,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 127; id. Or. 3, 32, 126: quem (Hammonium) tibi etiam suo nomine (on his own account) commendo ... itaque peto a te ut ejus procuratorem et ipsum suo nomine diligas, id. Fam. 13, 21, 2: “Caesar Fabium in sua remittit hiberna,Caes. B. G. 5, 33; id. B. C. 3, 24: “introire ad Ciceronem, et domi suae imparatum confodere,Sall. C. 28, 1: “suis flammis delete Fidenas,” i. e. the flames kindled by the Fidenates, Liv. 4, 33, 5: “suo igni involvit hostes,Tac. A. 14, 30: “quid Caesarem in sua fata inmisit?Sen. Ep. 94, 65; id. Q. N. 1, praef. 7; cf. “with antecedent supplied from preceding sentence: non destiti rogare et petere (sc. Brutum) meā causā, suadere et hortari suā,Cic. Att. 6, 2, 7.—
5. With dat. as antecedent.
8. With appositive noun.
9. In participial clauses.
(α). The antecedent being the logical subject of the participle, and other than the principal subject: “credamus igitur Panaetio, a Platone suo dissentienti ( = qui dissentiebat),Cic. Tusc. 1, 32, 79: “ea Sex. Roscium, expulsum ex suis bonis, recepit domum,id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27: “diffidentemque rebus suis confirmavit,id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23: “Dejotarum ad me venientem cum omnibus copiis suis, certiorem feci, etc.,id. Fam. 15, 4, 7; id. Cat. 4, 9, 18: si hominis et suis et populi Romani ornamentis amplissimi (being greatly distinguished) causam repudiassem, id. Mur. 4, 8: “stupentes tribunos et suam jam vicem magis anxios quam, etc., liberavit consensus populi Romani,Liv. 8, 35, 1; 22, 42, 8: “manet in folio scripta querela suo ( = quam scripsit),Ov. F. 5, 224; cf. in abl. absol.: “et ipsis (hostibus) regressis in castra sua,Liv. 22, 60, 9: “quibus (speculis) si unum ostenderis hominem, populus adparet, unāquāque parte faciem exprimente sua,Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 5.—
(γ). The antecedent being the principal subject, not the logical subject of the participle: “M. Papirius dicitur Gallo, barbam suam (i.e. Papirii) permulcenti, ... iram movisse,Liv. 5, 41, 9: cum Gracchus, verecundiā deserendi socios, implorantis fidem suam populique Romani, substitisset. id. 23, 36, 8; cf. in abl. absol.: “si sine maximo dedecore, tam impeditis suis rebus, potuisset emori,Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 29; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Planc. 21, 51; id. Clu. 14, 42: “ita (consul) proelio uno accidit Vestinorum res, haudquāquam tamen incruento milite suo (consulis),Liv. 8, 29, 12; cf. “with antecedent to be supplied: Campani, cum, robore juventutis suae acciso, nulla (sc. eis) propinqua spes esset, etc.,id. 7, 29, 7.—
10. In gerund. construction. ( α ) With subject as antecedent: “mihi ipsa Roma ad complectendum conservatorem suum progredi visa est,Cic. Pis. 22, 52.—
(γ). With antecedent dependent on the gerund: “eamque rem illi putant a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam,Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19.—
B. Without gram. antec., one's, one's own.
1. Dependent on subject-inff.: “ejusdem animi est, posteris suis amplitudinem nobis quam non acceperit tradere, et memoriam prope intermortuam generis sui, virtute renovare,Cic. Mur. 7, 16: “siquidem atrocius est, patriae parentem quam suum occidere,id. Phil. 2, 13, 31: “miliens perire est melius quam in suā civitate sine armorum praesidio non posse vivere,id. ib. 2, 44, 112: quanto est honestius, alienis injuriis quam suis commoveri, one's own, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 72, § 169: “contentum suis rebus esse maximae sunt certissimaeque divitiae,id. Par. 6, 51: “ut non liceat sui commodi causā nocere alteri,id. Off. 3, 5, 23: “detrahere de altero sui commodi causā,id. ib. 3, 5, 24: “suis exemplis melius est uti,Auct. Her. 4, 1, 2: “levius est sua decreta tollere quam aliorum,Liv. 3, 21. 5; 39, 5, 2; “29, 37, 11: satius est vitae suae rationes quam frumenti publici nosse,Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 3: “quanto satius est sua mala exstinguere quam aliena posteris tradere?id. Q. N. 3, praef. 5: “cum initia beneficiorum suorum spectare, tum etiam exitus decet,id. Ben. 2, 14, 2; 3, 1, 5: “Romani nominis gloriae, non suae, composuisse illa decuit,Plin. 1, prooem. § 16.—With 1st pers. plur., as indef. antecedent: cum possimus ab Ennio sumere ... exemplum, videtur esse arrogantia illa relinquere, et ad sua devenire, to one's own = to our own, Auct. Her. 4, 1, 2.—
2. Without a subject-inf.: “omnia torquenda sunt ad commodum suae causae ... sua diligenter narrando,Cic. Inv. 1, 21, 30: ut in ceteris habenda ratio non suā (al. sui) solum, sed etiam aliorum, id. Off. 1, 39, 139: “erat Dareo mite ac tractabile ingenium, nisi suam naturam plerumque fortuna corrumperet (suam not referring to Dareo),Curt. 3, 2, 17 MSS. (Foss, mansuetam). — With 1st pers. plur., as indef. antecedent (cf. 1. supra): “non erit ista amicitia sed mercatura quaedam utilitatum suarum,Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 122; cf.: pro suo possidere, II. A. 2. a. γ; and Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73, II. A. 2. b. α; cf. also II. B. 1. α; II. B. 5. c.; II. B. 7. b.; II. C. 8. b. β infra.
C. With antec. in a previous sentence. Here ejus, eorum, earum are used for his, her, their, unless the clause is oblique in regard to the antecedent, i. e. the antecedent is conceived as the author of the statement.
1. In clauses dependent on a verbum sentiendi or dicendi, expressed or understood, referring to the grammatical or logical subject of the verb.
a. In infinitive clauses: “(Clodius) Caesaris potentiam suam potentiam esse dicebat,Cic. Mil. 32, 88: “(Caelius) a suā (causā) putat ejus (i.e. Ascitii) esse sejunctam,id. Cael. 10, 24: “ipsos certo scio non negare ad haec bona Chrysogonum accessisse impulsu suo (referring to ipsos),id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107: “hostes viderunt, ... suorum tormentorum usum spatio propinquitatis interire,Caes. B. C. 2, 16: “docent, sui judicii rem non esse,id. ib. 1, 13.—The reference of suus may be ambiguous, esp. if an infinitive is dependent on another: “hoc Verrem dicere ajebant, te ... operā suā consulem factum, i.e. Verris, though grammatically it might refer to the subj. of aiebant,Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 29: “(Ariovistus) dixit neminem secum sine suā pernicie contendisse,Caes. B. G. 1, 36; cf. the context with, in all, eleven reflexive pronouns referring to four different antecedents (populus Romanus, Ariovistus, Caesar, nemo); cf. “also: occurrebat ei, mancam praeturam suam futuram consule Milone,Cic. Mil. 9, 25; 32, 88; Liv. 3, 42, 2.—
2. In a virtually oblique clause.
D. In the place of ejus.
1. In clauses virtually oblique, but with indicative, being conceived by the antecedent (hence suus, not ejus), but asserted as fact by the author (hence indicative, not subjunctive): “Cicero tibi mandat ut Aristodemo idem respondeas, quod de fratre suo (Ciceronis) respondisti,Cic. Att. 2, 7, 4: “oriundi ab Sabinis, ne, quia post Tatii mortem ab suā parte non erat regnatum, imperium amitterent, sui corporis creari regem volebant,Liv. 1, 17, 2: “C. Caesar villam pulcherrimam, quia mater sua aliquando in illā custodita erat, diruit,Sen. Ira, 3, 21, 5: “Philemonem, a manu servum, qui necem suam per venenum inimicis promiserat, non gravius quam simplici morte punivit,Suet. Caes. 74; cf.: “quomodo excandescunt si quid e jubā suā decisum est,Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 3.—
3. Colloquially and in epistolary style suus is used emphatically instead of ejus, with the meaning own, peculiar: deinde ille actutum subferret suus servus poenas Sosia, his own slave (opp. Mercury, who personates Sosias), Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 19: mira erant in civitatibus ipsorum furta Graecorum quae magistratus sui fecerant, their own magistrates ( = ipsorum), Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5: “in quibus (litteris Bruti) unum alienum summā suā prudentiā (est), ut spectem ludos suos,his peculiar prudence, id. ib. 15, 26, 1; so, “quod quidem ille (Nero) decernebat, quorumdam dolo ad omina sui exitus vertebatur,Tac. A. 16, 24; cf. II. A. 1. β and γ; II. A. 2. a. β; II. B. 3.—
II. In partic.
A. As substt.
1. sui , suorum, m., his, their (etc.) friends, soldiers, fellow-beings, equals, adherents, followers, partisans, posterity, slaves, family, etc., of persons in any near connection with the antecedent.
(α). (Corresp. to the regular usage, I. A. B. C.) Cupio abducere ut reddam (i.e. eam) suis, to her family, friends, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 77; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 66: “cum animus societatem caritatis coierit cum suis, omnesque naturā conjunctos suos duxerit,fellow-beings, Cic. Leg. 1, 23, 60: “mulier ingeniosa praecepit suis omnia Caelio pollicerentur,her slaves, id. Cael. 25, 62: “quo facilius et nostras domos obire, et ipse a suis coli possit,his friends, id. ib. 7, 18: “quā gratiam beneficii vestri cum suorum laude conjungant,their family, id. Agr. 2, 1, 1: “vellem hanc contemptionem pecuniae suis reliquisset,to his posterity, id. Phil. 3, 6, 16: “cum divisurum se urbem palam suis polliceretur,his partisans, id. ib. 13, 9, 19: “Caesar, cohortatus suos, proelium commisit,Caes. B. G. 1, 25; so, “Curio exercitum reduxit, suis omnibus praeter Fabium incolumibus,id. B. C. 2, 35: “Caesar receptui suorum timens,id. ib. 3, 46: “certior ab suis factus est, praeclusas esse portas,id. ib. 2, 20: “omnium suorum consensu, Curio bellum ducere parabat,id. ib. 2, 37: so, “Pompejus suorum omnium hortatu statuerat proelio decertare,id. ib. 3, 86: “Caesar Brundisium ad suos severius scripsit,to his officers, id. ib. 3, 25: “naviculam conscendit cum paucis suis,a few of his followers, id. ib. 3, 104: “multum cum suis consiliandi causā secreto praeter consuetudinem loqueretur,id. ib. 1, 19: “nupsit Melino, adulescenti inprimis inter suos et honesto et nobili,his equals, associates, Cic. Clu. 5, 11: “rex raptim a suis in equum impositus fugit,his suite, Liv. 41, 4, 7: “subsidio suorum proelium restituere,comrades, id. 21, 52, 10: “feras bestias ... ad opem suis ferendam avertas,their young, id. 26, 13, 12: “abstulit sibi in suos potestatem,his slaves, Sen. Ira, 3, 12, 6: “Besso et Nabarzani nuntiaverant sui regem ... interemptum esse,their fellow - conspirators, Curt. 5, 12, 14. — Very rarely sing.: “ut bona mens suis omnibus fuerit. Si quem libido abripuit, illorum eum, cum quibus conjuravit, non suum judicet esse,Liv. 39, 16, 5.—
(γ). Without antecedent (cf. I. B. supra): quoties necesse est fallere aut falli a suis, by one's friends, Sen. Phoen. 493.—
(δ). Sing.: sŭa , suae. f., a sweetheart, mistress (rare): illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit. Cic. Phil. 2, 28. 69: “cedo quid hic faciet sua?Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 92.—
2. sŭum , i, n., and more freq. sŭa , suōrum, n. plur., = one's property.
a. Sing.
(α). Lit.: “nec suom adimerem alteri,his property, his own, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 38 (34): “nunc si ille salvos revenit, reddam suom sibi (v. D. 3. a. infra),id. ib. 1, 2, 119: “illum studeo quam facillime ad suum pervenire,Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 4: “populi Romani hanc esse consuetudinem ut socios sui nihil deperdere velit,Caes. B. G. 1, 43; cf. Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 3, I. A. 11. supra: “nec donare illi de suo dicimur,Sen. Ben. 7, 4, 2; so esp. with quisque; v. infra — Hence, de suo = per se, or suā sponte; “(stellae) quae per igneos tractus labentia inde splendorem trahant caloremque, non de suo clara,Sen. Q. N. 7, 1, 6. —
(β). Trop.: “meum mihi placebat, illi suum (of a literary essay),Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3: suom quemque decet, his own manners, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 11; so, expendere oportet quid quisque habeat sui (what peculiarities) nec velle experiri quam se aliena deceant; “id enim maxime quemque decet quod est cujusque maxime suum,Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113.—
(γ). Jurid. term: aliquid pro suo possidere, to possess in the belief of one's legal right: “pro suo possessio tale est, cum dominium nobis acquiri putamus. Et causā possidemus ex quā acquiritur, et praeterea pro suo,Dig. 41, 10, 1; “so without an antecedent, and referring to a first person: item re donatā, pro donato et pro suo possideo,ib. 41, 10, 1; v. the whole tit. ib. 42, 10 (Pro suo); cf. ib. 23, 3, 67; cf. C., infra fin.; “similarly: usucapere pro suo = acquire dominion by a possession pro suo, Fragm. Vat. 111: res pro suo, quod justam causam possidendi habet, usucapit,id. ib. 260; Dig. 41, 3, 27. —
b. Plur.
(β). One's own affairs: “aliena ut melius videant et dijudicent Quam sua,Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 96: “cognoscunt ... immobile agmen et sua quemque molientem,Liv. 10, 20, 8: “omnia ei hostium non secus quam sua nota erant,id. 22, 41, 5: “aliena cum suis perdidit,Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 3.—Absol., referring to a noun fem.: sua (finxit) C. Cassius ( = suas persuasiones; cf. “the context),Quint. 6, 3, 90.
B. Predicative uses: suum esse, facere, fieri, putare, etc., like a gen. poss., to be, etc., the property, or under the dominion, control, power of the antecedent.
1. Of property in things.
(δ). Trop.: “omnia sua putavit quae vos vestra esse velletis,Cic. Phil. 11, 12, 27: “non meminit, illum exercitum senatūs populique Romani esse, non suum,id. ib. 13, 6, 4: probavit, non rempublicam suam esse, sed se reipublicae, Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 8; “so of incorporeal things: hi si velint scire quam brevis eorum vita sit, cogitent ex quotā parte sua sit,how much of it is their own, id. Brev. Vit. 19, 3; so, suum facere, to appropriate: “prudentis est, id quod in quoque optimum est, si possit, suum facere,Quint. 10, 2, 26: “quaeremus quomodo animus (hanc virtutem) usu suam faciat,Sen. Clem. 1, 3, 1.—
2. Of persons.
(α). Under a master's or father's control: “ut lege caverent, ne quis quem civitatis mutandae causā suum faceret, neve alienaret,make any one his slave, Liv. 41, 8, 12: quid eam tum? suamne esse ajebat, his daughter, i.e. in his power? Ter. And. 5, 4, 29: “eduxit mater pro suā ( = quasi sua esset),id. Eun. 1, 2, 76.—
(β). Reflexively = sui juris, independent, one's own master or mistress, not subject to another's control, under one's own control (v. sui juris, infra): “ancilla, quae mea fuit hodie, sua nunc est,Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 3.—
(γ). Of moral power over others: suus = devoted to one: “hice hoc munere arbitrantur Suam Thaidem esse,Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 38: “eos hic fecit suos Paulo sumptu,id. Ad. 5, 4, 21: “sed istunc exora, ut (mulierem) suam esse adsimulet,to be friendly to him, id. Heaut. 2, 3, 117: “cum Antonio sic agens ut perspiciat, si in eo negotio nobis satisfecerit, totum me futurum suum,Cic. Att. 14, 1 a, 2: “Alpheus ... utebatur populo sane suo,devoted to him, id. Quint. 7, 29.— Poet.: vota suos habuere deos, the vows (inst. of the persons uttering them) had the gods on their side, Ov. M. 4, 373. —
(δ). Of power over one's self, etc.: “nam qui sciet ubi quidque positum sit, quāque eo veniat, is poterit eruere, semperque esse in disputando suus,self-possessed, Cic. Fin. 4, 4, 10: “inaestimabile bonum est suum fieri,selfcontrol, Sen. Ep. 75, 18: “(furiosus) qui suus non est,Dig. 42, 4, 7, § 9: “vix sua, vix sanae virgo Niseia compos Mentis erat,Ov. M. 8, 35. —
3. Suum est, as impers. predicate: = ejus est, characteristic of, peculiar to one (very rare): “dixit antea, sed suum illud est, nihil ut affirmet,Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 99.
C. Attributive usages, almost always (except in Seneca) with suus before its noun.
1. The property, relations, affairs, etc., of one opposed to those of another, own.
c. In particular phrases. ( α ) Suā sponte and suo Marte, of one's own accord, by one's self, without the suggestion, influence, aid, etc., of others: “Caesar bellum contra Antonium suā sponte suscepit,Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5: “suā sponte ad Caesarem in jus adierunt,Caes. B. C. 1, 87.—So of things, = per se, by or of itself, for itself, for its own sake: “jus et omne honestum suā sponte expetendum (cf. in the context: per se igitur jus est expetendum),Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48: justitium suā sponte inceptum priusquam indiceretur, by itself, i. e. without a decree, Liv. 9, 7, 8; so, “sortes suā sponte attenuatas,id. 22, 1, 11 (cf. id. 22, 38, 13; 35, 14, 4, I. A. 2., supra): rex enim ipse, suā sponte, nullis commentariis Caesaris, simul atque audivit ejus interitum suo Marte res suas recuperavit, Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95.—
(β). Suus locus, in milit. lang., one's own ground, position, or lines: “restitit suo loco Romana acies (opp. to the advance of the enemy),Liv. 22, 16, 2.—So figuratively: “et staturas suo loco leges,Sen. Ben. 2, 20, 2: “aciem instruxit primum suis locis, pauloque a castris Pompeji longius,Caes. B. C. 3, 84 (cf.: suo loco, 7. b. γ, infra).—
(γ). For suo jure v. 3. infra.—
(δ). Sua Venus = one's own Venus, i. e. good luck (v. Venus): ille non est mihi par virtutibus, nec officiis; “sed habuit suam Venerem,Sen. Ben. 2, 28, 2. —
3. Of just rights or claims: “imperatori senatuique honos suus redditus,due to them, Liv. 3, 10, 3: “neque inpedimento fuit, quominus religionibus suus tenor suaque observatio redderetur,Val. Max. 1, 1, 8: “quibus omnibus debetur suus decor,Quint. 11, 1, 41. — “So distributively: is mensibus suis dimisit legionem,in the month in which each soldier was entitled to his discharge, Liv. 40, 41, 8. — Esp.: suo jure (so, meo, nostro, tuo, etc., jure), by his own right: “Tullus Hostilius qui suo jure in portā nomen inscripsit,Cic. Phil. 13, 12, 26: “earum rerum hic A. Licinius fructum a me repetere prope suo jure debet,id. Arch. 1, 1; id. Marcell. 2, 6; id. Phil. 2, 25, 62; id. Balb. 8, 21: “numquam illum res publica suo jure esset ulta,by its unquestionable right, id. Mil. 33, 88. —
4. Of that to which one is exclusively devoted: “huic quaestioni suum diem dabimus,a day for its exclusive discussion, Sen. Ep. 94, 52: “homini autem suum bonum ratio est,his exclusive good, id. ib. 76, 10: “in majorem me quaestionem vocas, cui suus locus, suus dies dandus est,id. Q. N. 2, 46, 1. — “With proprius: mentio inlata apud senatum est, rem suo proprio magistratu egere,that the business needed a particular officer exclusively for itself, Liv. 4, 8, 4: “et Hannibalem suo proprio occupandum bello,id. 27, 38, 7; cf.: “dissupasset hostes, ni suo proprio eum proelio equites Volscorum exceptum tenuissent,in which they alone fought, id. 3, 70, 4: “mare habet suas venas quibus impletur,by which it alone is fed, Sen. Q. N. 3, 14, 3. —
5. According to one's liking, of one's own choice.
a. Of persons, devoted to one, friendly, dear: “Milone occiso (Clodius) habuisset suos consules,after his own heart, Cic. Mil. 33, 89: “collegit ipse se contra suum Clodium,his dear Clodius, id. Pis. 12, 27 (cf.: suum facere, habere, II. B. 2. γ).—
b. Of things, favorable.
(α). Of place: neque Jugurtham nisi ... suo loco pugnam facere, on his own ground, i. e. chosen by him, favorable, Sall. J. 61, 1: “hic magna auxilia expectabant et suis locis bellum in hiemem ducere cogitabant,Caes. B. C. 1, 61; cf.: “numquam nostris locis laboravimus,Liv. 9, 19, 15.—
6. Of persons or things, peculiar, particular: “quae est ei (animo) natura? Propria, puto, et sua,Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70: “omnis enim motus animi suum quendam a naturā habet vultum,id. de Or. 3, 57, 316: “geometrae et musici ... more quodam loquuntur suo. Ipsae rhetorum artes verbis in docendo quasi privatis utuntur ac suis,id. Fin. 3, 1, 4: “sensus omnis habet suum finem,its peculiar limits, Quint. 9, 4, 61: animus cum suum ambitum complevit et finibus se suis cinxit, consummatum est summum bonum, Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 3: est etiam in nominibus (nouns) diverso collocatis sua gratia, their peculiar elegance, Quint. 9, 3, 86: “ibi non bello aperto, sed suis artibus, fraude et insidiis, est paene circumventus,Liv. 21, 34, 1: “nec Hannibalem fefellit, suis se artibus peti,id. 22, 16, 5: “adversus hostem non virtute tantum, sed suis (i. e. hostis) etiam pugnare consiliis oportebat,Flor. 2, 6, 26: “liberam Minucii temeritatem se suo modo expleturum,Liv. 22, 28, 2: “equites ovantes sui moris carmine,id. 10, 26, 11: “exsultans cum sui moris tripudiis,id. 21, 42, 3: “tripudiantes suo more,id. 23, 26, 9.—So, suo Marte, referring to the style of fighting peculiar to the different arms: “equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare,that the cavalry were fighting both in their own style and in that of the other arms, Liv. 3, 62, 9; cf.: suo Marte, 1, c. α, supra.—And distributively ( = suus quisque): “suos autem haec operum genera ut auctores, sic etiam amatores habent,Quint. 12, 10, 2: “illa vero fatidica fulmina ex alto et ex suis venire sideribus,Plin. 2, 43, 43, § 113; cf.: “quae quidem planiora suis exemplis reddentur,Val. Max. 3, 4 pröoem.—
7. Proper, right.
a. Referring to one's ordinary or normal condition: “quod certe non fecisset, si suum numerum naves habuissent,their regular complement, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133. — So poet.: “flecte ratem! numerum non habet illa suum,its full number, Ov. H. 10, 36: “novus exercitus consulibus est decretus: binae legiones cum suo equitatu,Liv. 40, 36, 6: “cum suo justo equitatu,id. 21, 17, 8: “totam (disciplinam) in suum statum redegit,Val. Max. 2, 7, 2: “tranquillā mente et vultu suo,with the ordinary expression of his face, Sen. Clem. 2, 6, 2: “media pars aëris ab his (ignibus) submota, in frigore suo manet. Natura enim aëris gelida est,id. Q. N. 2, 10, 4: “cornuaque in patriis non sua vidit aquis,not natural to her, Ov. H. 14, 90. — “So, non suus, of ingrafted branches and their fruit: miraturque (arbos) novas frondis et non sua poma,Verg. G. 2, 82. —
b. Of time, proper, regular, etc. (cf. 5. β, supra).
(α). The regular time ( = stato tempore): “signum quod semper tempore exoritur suo,Plaut. Rud. prol. 4: “cum et recte et suo tempore pepererit,Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 16: aestas suo tempore incanduit ... ; “tam solstitium quam aequinoctium suos dies retulit,Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 3: “omnes venti vicibus suis spirant majore ex parte,Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128. —
(δ). Suited, appropriate, adapted to one: “in eodem fundo suum quidquid conseri oportet,Cato, R. R. 7: “siquidem hanc vendidero pretio suo,at a suitable price, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 30: “in partes suas digerenda causa,Quint. 11, 1, 6: “confundetur quidquid in suas partes natura digessit,Sen. Q. N. 3, 29, 8. — Poet.: haec ego dumque queror, lacrimae sua verba sequuntur, Deque meis oculis in tua membra cadunt, appropriate, i. e. tristia, Ov. H. 14, 67.—Without antecedent: suum quidquid genus talearum serito, any fit kind, i. e. suited to the ground, Cato, R. R. 48. —
8. Own, with the notion of independence of, or dependence on others (cf. B. 2. γ δ).
a. Of political independence: pacem condicionibus his fecerunt ut Capuae suae leges, sui magistratus essent, her own laws, i. e. not subject to Carthage, Liv. 23, 7, 2: liberos eos ac suis legibus victuros, id. 25, 23, 4. — “Esp. in the phrases suae potestatis or in suā potestate esse, suo jure uti, sui juris esse: Puteolos, qui nunc in suā potestate sunt, suo jure, libertate aequā utuntur, totos occupabunt,Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 86: “Rhegini potestatis suae ad ultimum remanserunt,retained their self-government, Liv. 23, 30, 9: “urbem ne quam formulae sui juris facerent,id. 38, 9, 10. —
b. Of paternal authority.
(α). Free from the power of the paterfamilias; in the phrases sui juris esse, suae potestatis esse, to be independent: “quaedam personae sui juris sunt, quaedam alieno juri sunt subjectae, Gai,Inst. 1, 48: “sui juris sunt familiarum suarum principes, id est pater familiae, itemque mater familiae,Ulp. Fragm. 4, 1: “liberi parentum potestate liberantur emancipatione. Sed filius quidem ter manumissus sui juris fit, ceteri autem liberi unā manumissione sui juris fiunt,id. ib. 10, 1: “morte patris filius et filia sui juris fiunt,id. ib. 10, 2: “patres familiarum sunt qui sunt suae potestatis,Dig. 1, 6, 4: “si modo defunctus testator suae potestatis mortis tempore fuerit,Gai. Inst. 2, 147. — “With indef. reference: si sui juris sumus,Dig. 46, 2, 20; cf.: “pro suo possideo, 2. a. supra.—Attributively: sui juris arrogatio feminae,Cod. Just. 8, 47, 8: “homo sui juris,ib. 10, § 5.—Trop.: “sapiens numquam semiliber erit: integrae semper libertatis et sui juris,Sen. Brev. Vit. 5, 3: “non illarum coitu fieri cometen, sed proprium et sui juris esse,id. Q. N. 7, 12, 2: nullique sunt tam feri et sui juris adfectus, ut non disciplinā perdomentur, id. Ira, 2, 12, 3. —
(β). Subject to paternal authority, in the phrases suus heres, sui liberi; suus heres, an heir who had been in the paternal power of the deceased: “CVI SVVS HERES NON SIT, XII. Tab. fr. 5, 4.—In the jurists without antecedent: sui et necessarii heredes sunt velut filius filiave, nepos neptisve ex filiā, deinceps ceteri qui modo in potestate morientis fuerunt,Gai. Inst. 2, 156: “(emancipati liberi) non sunt sui heredes,ib. 2, 135: “alia facta est juris interpretatio inter suos heredes,ib. 3, 15: “datur patrono adversus suos heredes bonorum possessio (where patrono is not the antecedent of suos),ib. 3, 41: “sui heredes vel instituendi sunt vel exheredandi,Ulp. Fragm. 22, 14: “accrescunt suis quidem heredibus in partem virilem, extraneis autem in partem dimidiam,id. ib. 22, 17. — “Sui liberi, children in paternal power: de suis et legitimis liberis,Cod. Just. 6, 55 inscr.
D. In particular connections.
1. With ipse, his own, etc. (cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 696).
a. Ipse agreeing with the antecedent of suus, the antecedent being,
(γ). An object in dat. or acc.: “sic ut ipsis consistendi in suis munitionibus locus non esset,Caes. B. C. 2, 6: “tribuni (hostem) intra suamet ipsum moenia compulere,Liv. 6, 36, 4: “alios sua ipsos invidia opportunos interemit,id. 1, 54, 8; 22, 14, 13.—Suus as adjunct of subject (rare): “aliquando sua praesidia in ipsos consurrexerunt,their own garrisons revolted against them, Sen. Clem. 1, 26, 1.—
b. With gen. of ipse, strengthening the possessive notion (cf. 4.; “post-Aug. and very rare, but freq. in modern Lat.): aves (foetus suos) libero caelo suaeque ipsorum fiduciae permittunt,Quint. 2, 6, 7 (but tuus ipsius occurs in Cic.: “tuo ipsius studio,Cic. Mur. 4, 9: “tuam ipsius amicitiam,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 7).—
c. Both suus and ipse agreeing with the governing noun (very rare; not in Cic. or Cæs.): quae tamen in ipso cursu suo dissipata est (= ipsa in cursu suo), in its very course, Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 3 dub.: “suamet ipsa scelera,Sall. C. 23, 2 (Dietsch ex conj. ipse): “suismet ipsis corporibus,Liv. 2, 19, 5 MSS. (Weissenb. ex conj. ipsi): “a suismet ipsis praesidiis,id. 8, 25, 6 MSS. (Weissenb. ipsi).—
2. With quisque, distributively, each (every one) ... his own; in prose quisque is generally preceded by suus.
a. Quisque and suus in different cases.
(β). With acc. of quisque as subj.: “fabrum esse suae quemque fortunae, App. Claud. ap. Ps.-Sall. Ep. ad Caes. Rep. c. l.: sui quemque juris et retinendi et dimittendi esse dominum,Cic. Balb. 13, 31: “recipere se in domos suas quemque jussit,Liv. 25, 10, 9; and (ungrammatically) nom., as apposition to a subj.-acc.: “se non modo suam quisque patriam, sed totam Siciliam relicturos,id. 26, 29, 3 MSS. (Weissenb. ex conj. quosque).—
(δ). As predicate-nom. (v. II. B.): “opinionem, quae sua cuique conjectanti esse potest,Liv. 6, 12, 3.— (ε) As adjunct of subj.-acc.: “suum cuique honorem et gradum redditum gaudeo,Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136: “scientiam autem suam cujusque artis esse,id. Fin. 5, 9, 26.—(ζ) As adjunct of an object, with a case of quisque as object or attribut. gen.: suam cuique sponsam, mihi meam: suum cuique amorem, mihi meum, Atil. Fragm. inc. 1: suom cuique per me uti atque frui licet, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24 (23), 1: “ut suo quemque appellem nomine,Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 52: “placet Stoicis suo quamque rem nomine appellare,Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 1: “ad suam cujusque naturam consilium est omne revocandum,id. Off. 1, 33, 119: “justitia quae suum cuique distribuit,id. N. D. 3, 15, 38: “in tribuendo suum cuique,id. Off. 1, 5, 14: “Turnus sui cuique periculi recens erat documentum,Liv. 1, 52, 4: “in trimatu suo cuique dimidiam esse mensuram futurae certum esse,Plin. 7, 15, 16, § 73: “certa cuique rerum suarum possessio,Vell. 2, 89, 4; cf.: qua re suum unicuique studium suaque omnibus delectatio relinquatur, Ps.-Cic. Cons. 26, 93.—With quemque in apposition with acc. plur.: “Camillus vidit intentos opifices suo quemque operi,Liv. 6, 25, 9; so cujusque in appos. with gen. plur.: trium clarissimorum suae cujusque gentis virorum mors, id. 39, 52, 7; and cuique with dat. plur.: sui cuique mores fingunt fortunam hominibus, Poët. ap. Nep. Att. 11, 6 (where Lachm. ad Lucr. 2, 372, reads quique, ex conj.; cf. b. β, infra).—
b. Attraction of suus and quisque as adjuncts of nouns.
(β). Attraction of quisque: “tanta ibi copia venustatum in suo quique loco sita,Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 6 (al. quaeque): “quodvis frumentum non tamen omne Quique suo genere inter se simile esse videbis,Lucr. 2, 372 Lachm. and Munro ad loc.: “cum verba debeant sui cujusque generis copulari,Varr. L. L. 10, 48: “in sensibus sui cujusque generis judicium,Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19: “haec igitur proclivitas ad suum quodque genus aegrotatio dicatur,id. Tusc. 4, 12, 28: “separatim greges sui cujusque generis nocte remeabant (= greges sui quisque generis),Liv. 24, 3, 5: “ut sui cujusque mensis acciperet (frumentum),Suet. Aug. 40; “and quisque both attracted and in its own case: quia cujusque partis naturae et in corpore et in animo sua quaeque vis sit (where either cujusque or quaeque is redundant),Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46; v. Madv. ad loc.; Cato, R. R. 23 fin.; “so esp. in the phrases suo quoque tempore, anno, die, loco, etc.: pecunia, quae in stipendium Romanis suo quoque anno penderetur, deerat (= suo quaeque anno),each instalment in the year when due, Liv. 33, 46, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.: “suo quoque loco,Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 2; 1, 22, 6: “opera quae suis quibusque temporibus anni vilicum exsequi oporteret,Col. 11, 3: “suo quoque tempore,Vitr. 2, 9, 4: “nisi suā quāque die usurae exsolverentur (= suā quaeque die),Dig. 22, 1, 12 init.; 13, 7, 8, § 3: “ut opera rustica suo quoque tempore faciat,ib. 19, 2, 25, § 3 (al. quaeque)—
c. In the order quisque ... suus.
(β). If the emphasis is not on suus, but (for quisque, when emphatic, unusquisque is used) on some other word: “in civitates quemque suas ... dimisit,Liv. 21, 48, 2: “in patriam quisque suam remissus est,Just. 33, 2, 8: “in vestigio quemque suo vidit,Liv. 28, 22, 15; cf.: “hospitibus quisque suis scribebant,id. 33, 45, 6: “pro facultatibus quisque suis,id. 42, 53, 3; cf.: “respiciendae sunt cuique facultates suae,Sen. Ben. 2, 15, 3: “praecipitat quisque vitam suam et futuri desiderio laborat,id. Brev. Vit. 7, 5; id. Ben. 7, 5, 1: “tunc praeceps quisque se proripit et penates suos deserit,id. Q. N. 6, 1, 5; 5, 18, 8: “summum quisque causae suae judicem facit,Plin. 1, prooem. § 10: aestimatione nocturnae quietis, dimidio quisque spatio vitae suae vivit, id. 7, 50, 51, § 167.—
(γ). Poets adopt the order quisque suus when the metre requires it, Verg. A. 6, 743: “oscula quisque suae matri tulerunt,Ov. F. 2, 715. —
(δ). When suus and quisque belong to different clauses: “atque earum quaeque, suum tenens munus . . . manet in lege naturae,Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38. —
3. With sibi.
(α). Sibi with pronom. force (cf. sui, IV. C. fin.): “reddam suum sibi,Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 119 ( = ei; but referred to β, infra, by Brix ad loc.); cf.: “suam rem sibi salvam sistam,id. Poen. 5, 2, 123: “idem lege sibi suā curationem petet,for himself, Cic. Agr. 2, 9, 22 (cf. id. Phil. 2, 37, 96; “I. B. 2. b. supra): ut vindicare sibi suum fulgorem possint,Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 11; cf. “the formula of divorce: tuas res tibi habeto,Dig. 24, 2, 2.—Hence, illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit, Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69.—
(β). With sibi redundant, to strengthen suus (anteand post-class. and colloq.): “quo pacto serviat suo sibi patri,Plaut. Capt. prol. 5: “eum necabam ilico per cerebrum pinnā suā sibi, quasi turturem,id. Poen. 2, 40; v. sui, IV. C. and the passages there cited.—
4. With gen. agreeing with the subject of suus: “quas cum solus pertulisset ut sua unius in his gratia esset,that the credit of it should belong to him alone, Liv. 2, 8, 3: “qui de suā unius sententiā omnia gerat,id. 44, 22, 11; cf.: “unam Aegyptus in hoc spem habet suam,Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2.—For suus ipsius, etc., v. D. 1. b. supra.—
5. With demonstr., rel., or indef. pronn. and adjj., of his, hers, etc.: “postulat ut ad hanc suam praedam adjutores vos profiteamini,to this booty of his, Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6: “Sestius cum illo exercitu suo,id. Sest. 5, 12: “quā gravitate suā,id. ib. 61, 129: “suam rem publicam illam defenderunt,that republic of theirs, id. ib. 67, 141: “in istum civem suum,against this citizen of theirs, id. Balb. 18, 41: “cum illo suo pari,id. Pis. 8, 18: “te nullā suā calamitate civitas satiare potest?id. Phil. 8, 6, 19: “dubitatis igitur, quin vos M. Laterensis ad suam spem aliquam delegerit,for some hope of his, id. Planc. 16, 39: “non tam suā ullā spe quam militum impetu tractus,by any hope of his, Liv. 25, 21, 5: “nullo suo merito,from no fault of theirs, id. 26, 29, 4: “ipse arcano cum paucis familiaribus suis colloquitur,with a few of his friends, Caes. B. C. 1, 19.—
6. With descriptive adjj.
(α). Standing before the adj. and noun (so most freq.): “suorum improbissimorum sermonum domicilium,Cic. Pis. 31, 76: “causam sui dementissimi consilii,id. Phil. 2, 22, 53: “suam insatiabilem crudelitatem,id. ib. 11, 3, 8: “suis amplissimis fortunis,id. ib. 13, 8, 16: “suum pristinum morem,id. Pis. 12, 27: “suis lenissimis postulatis,Caes. B. C. 1, 5: simili ratione Pompeius in suis veteribus castris consedit (suis emphatic; cf. β, infra), id. ib. 3, 76.—
(β). Between the adj. and noun (less emphatic): “pro eximiis suis beneficiis,Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 7: “propter summam suam humanitatem,id. Fam. 15, 14, 1: “ex praeteritis suis officiis,Caes. B. C. 3, 60: “Caesar in veteribus suis castris consedit,id. ib. 3, 76.—
8. Abl. fem. suā, with refert or interest, for gen. of the pers. pron.: neminem esse qui quomodo se habeat nihil suā censeat interesse, Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 30: “si scit suā nihil interesse utrum anima per os, an per jugulum exeat,Sen. Ep. 76, 33; v. intersum, III.—
9. Strengthened by the suffix -pte or -met.
(α). By -pte (not used with ipse) affixed to the forms suā, suo, and (ante-class.) suum: “quom illa osculata esset suumpte amicum,Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 38: “ut terrena suopte nutu et suo pondere in terram ferantur,Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40: “ferri suopte pondere,id. N. D. 1, 25, 69: “suāpte naturā,id. Fat. 18, 42: “suāpte vi et natura,id. ib. 19, 43; id. Fin. 1, 16, 54; 5, 22, 61: “suopte ingenio,Liv. 25, 18; so id. 1, 25, 1; 1, 18, 4: “suāpte manu,Cic. Or. 3, 3, 10: “locus suāpte naturā infestus,Liv. 44, 6, 9; so, “suāpte naturā,id. 4, 22, 4: “flumina suāpte naturā vasta,Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 8; so id. Ben. 4, 17, 2: “sponte suāpte,Varr. L. L. 6, 7, § 70.—
(β). With -met, almost always followed by ipse (in all forms of suus except suus, suum, suae, and suorum): “suomet ipsi more,Sall. J. 31, 6: “suomet ipsi instrumento,Liv. 22, 14, 13: “suomet ipsi metu,Tac. H. 3, 16 fin.: “suāmet ipsum pecuniā,Sall. J. 8, 2: “suamet ipsae fraude,Liv. 8, 18, 9: “intra suamet ipsum moenia,id. 6, 36, 4: “suismet ipsi praesidiis,id. 8, 25, 6: “suismet ipsis corporibus,id. 2, 19, 5: “suosmet ipsi cives,id. 2, 9, 5: “suasmet ipse spes,Tac. A. 3, 66 fin.—Without ipse: “populum suimet sanguinis mercede,Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 41, 25 Dietsch: “magna pars suismet aut proxumorum telis obtruncabantur,id. ib. 2, 52 ib.
hide Dictionary Entry Lookup
Use this tool to search for dictionary entries in all lexica.
Search for in
hide References (480 total)
  • Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (480):
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 13.21.2
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 13.26.4
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 15.14.1
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 15.4.7
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 3.10.1
    • Cicero, Letters to his Friends, 9.22.1
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 14.1
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 14.14.6
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 14.20.3
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 15.11.2
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 2.1.12
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 2.7.4
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 6.2.5
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 6.2.7
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 8.9.2
    • Cicero, Letters to Atticus, 9.12.2
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 1.1
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 1.25
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 1.3
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 1.36
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 1.43
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 2.3.2
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 2.4
    • Caesar, Gallic War, 5.33
    • Cicero, For Marcus Caelius, 19.45
    • Cicero, For Marcus Caelius, 25.62
    • Cicero, For Marcus Caelius, 32.78
    • Cicero, For Marcus Caelius, 5.11
    • Cicero, Against Catiline, 1.13.32
    • Cicero, Against Catiline, 3.12.27
    • Cicero, Against Catiline, 3.1.3
    • Cicero, On Pompey's Command, 9.23
    • Cicero, For Lucius Murena, 7.16
    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 2.6
    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 50.146
    • Cicero, For Ligarius, 12.36
    • Cicero, For Ligarius, 4.11
    • Cicero, For Milo, 15.41
    • Cicero, For Milo, 35.96
    • Cicero, Philippics, 10.10.21
    • Cicero, Philippics, 13.17.34
    • Cicero, Philippics, 14.13.35
    • Cicero, Philippics, 2.13.31
    • Cicero, Philippics, 2.18.45
    • Cicero, Philippics, 2.25.62
    • Cicero, Philippics, 2.28.69
    • Cicero, Philippics, 2.37.95
    • Cicero, Philippics, 2.37.96
    • Cicero, Philippics, 2.6.15
    • Cicero, Philippics, 2.28
    • Cicero, Philippics, 5.2.4
    • Cicero, Philippics, 8.2.5
    • Cicero, Philippics, 8.6.19
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.3.139
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.5.127
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.5.133
    • Cicero, On the Agrarian Law, 1.6.19
    • Cicero, On the Agrarian Law, 2.18.48
    • Cicero, On the Agrarian Law, 2.1.1
    • Cicero, On the Agrarian Law, 2.31.86
    • Cicero, For Aulus Caecina, 10
    • Cicero, Against Piso, 20.46
    • Cicero, Against Piso, 31.76
    • Cicero, For Rabirius Postumus, 10.29
    • Cicero, For Rabirius Postumus, 11.31
    • Cicero, For Cornelius Balbus, 8.21
    • Cicero, For Sestius, 14.32
    • Cicero, For Sestius, 31.68
    • Cicero, For Sestius, 54.116
    • Cicero, For Sestius, 64.135
    • Cicero, For Plancius, 11.27
    • Cicero, For Plancius, 16.39
    • Cicero, For Plancius, 21.51
    • Cicero, For Plancius, 40.95
    • Cicero, For Sulla, 5.15
    • Cicero, Divinatio against Q. Caecilius, 1.3
    • Cicero, Divinatio against Q. Caecilius, 6.21
    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 10.27
    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 24.67
    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 37.107
    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 47.136
    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 52.151
    • Cicero, For Sextus Roscius of Ameria, 36.3
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.29
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.35
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.2.164
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.2.33
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.2.69
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.3.169
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.3.7
    • Cicero, Against Verres, 2.3.85
    • Cicero, On the Agrarian Law, 2.13.34
    • Cicero, On the Agrarian Law, 2.11.26
    • Cicero, On the Agrarian Law, 2.31.84
    • Cicero, On the Agrarian Law, 2.9.22
    • Cicero, For Archias, 1.1
    • Cicero, Against Catiline, 4.9.18
    • Cicero, For Aulus Cluentius, 14.42
    • Cicero, For Aulus Cluentius, 5.11
    • Cicero, On Pompey's Command, 9.22
    • Cicero, For Lucius Murena, 41.90
    • Cicero, For Lucius Murena, 4.9
    • Cicero, For Lucius Murena, 39.83
    • Cicero, For Lucius Murena, 4.8
    • Cicero, For Sulla, 2.7
    • Cicero, For Cornelius Balbus, 13.31
    • Cicero, For Cornelius Balbus, 14.32
    • Cicero, For Cornelius Balbus, 18.41
    • Cicero, For Cornelius Balbus, 21.49
    • Cicero, For Marcus Caelius, 10.24
    • Cicero, For King Deiotarius, 15.43
    • Cicero, For Ligarius, 10.29
    • Cicero, For Marcellus, 2.6
    • Cicero, For Marcellus, 3.10
    • Cicero, For Milo, 10.27
    • Cicero, For Milo, 10.29
    • Cicero, For Milo, 14.38
    • Cicero, For Milo, 15.40
    • Cicero, For Milo, 19.51
    • Cicero, For Milo, 32.87
    • Cicero, For Milo, 32.88
    • Cicero, For Milo, 33.89
    • Cicero, For Milo, 7.17
    • Cicero, For Milo, 9.25
    • Cicero, For Milo, 33.88
    • Cicero, Against Piso, 12.27
    • Cicero, Against Piso, 22.52
    • Cicero, Against Piso, 32.79
    • Cicero, Against Piso, 8.18
    • Cicero, For Plancius, 19.47
    • Cicero, For Plancius, 33.81
    • Cicero, On the Consular Provinces, 4.7
    • Cicero, For Rabirius Postumus, 16.43
    • Cicero, For Rabirius Postumus, 17.46
    • Cicero, For Sestius, 23.51
    • Cicero, For Sestius, 5.12
    • Cicero, For Sestius, 68.142
    • Cicero, For Sestius, 18.40
    • Cicero, Philippics, 11.12.27
    • Cicero, Philippics, 13.12.26
    • Cicero, Philippics, 13.14.29
    • Cicero, Philippics, 13.16.32
    • Cicero, Philippics, 14.12.33
    • Cicero, Philippics, 14.6.15
    • Cicero, Philippics, 2.22.53
    • Cicero, Philippics, 3.6.16
    • Cicero, Philippics, 4.2.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 7.15
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 2, 44.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 2, 9.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 42.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 62.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 4, 33.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 4, 7.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 15.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 27.8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 33.7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 9, 10
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 9, 19
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 13.195
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 15.819
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 4.373
    • Plautus, Cistellaria, 1.1
    • Plautus, Cistellaria, 2.3
    • Plautus, Miles Gloriosus, 2.1
    • Plautus, Miles Gloriosus, 2.4
    • Plautus, Persa, 4.3
    • Plautus, Persa, 4.4
    • Plautus, Poenulus, 5.2
    • Plautus, Poenulus, 5.4
    • Plautus, Pseudolus, 1.2
    • Plautus, Pseudolus, 1.3
    • Plautus, Pseudolus, 2.2
    • Plautus, Stichus, 5.4
    • Plautus, Trinummus, 1.2
    • Plautus, Trinummus, 2.2
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 10.467
    • Vergil, Aeneid, 6.743
    • Vergil, Georgics, 2.82
    • Suetonius, Divus Julius, 74
    • Vitruvius, On Architecture, 2.9.4
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 8.35
    • Ovid, Metamorphoses, 8.646
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.40
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.83
    • Caesar, Civil War, 2.6
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.57
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.60
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.92
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.97
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.15
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.19
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.5
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.51
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.61
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.8
    • Caesar, Civil War, 1.87
    • Caesar, Civil War, 2.16
    • Caesar, Civil War, 2.3
    • Caesar, Civil War, 2.32
    • Caesar, Civil War, 2.35
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.24
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.80
    • Caesar, Civil War, 3.84
    • Tacitus, Annales, 14.27
    • Tacitus, Annales, 14.30
    • Tacitus, Annales, 16.24
    • Tacitus, Annales, 3.66
    • Tacitus, Annales, 3.16
    • Tacitus, Historiae, 3.37
    • Tacitus, Historiae, 3.16
    • Plautus, Amphitruo, 1.1
    • Plautus, Amphitruo, 3.4
    • Plautus, Casina, 2.8
    • Plautus, Mercator, 1.1
    • Plautus, Stichus, 1.2
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 2.2
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 2.81
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 3.2
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 3.3
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 3.32
    • Cicero, On Oratory, 3.57
    • Sallust, Catilinae Coniuratio, 51
    • Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum, 61
    • Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum, 8
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 1.1022
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 4.522
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 2.372
    • Lucretius, De Rerum Natura, 5.1033
    • Suetonius, Divus Augustus, 40
    • Cornelius Nepos, Atticus, 11.6
    • Cornelius Nepos, Cimon, 3.1
    • Cornelius Nepos, Datames, 7.3
    • Cornelius Nepos, Hannibal, 8.4
    • Cornelius Nepos, Lysander, 1.2
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 1
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 2.113
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 2.79
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 2.106
    • Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia, 7.73
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 42, 50
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 45, 29.10
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 34
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 50
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 52
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 34
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 23, 26
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 23, 41
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 24, 3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 50.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 8.11
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 35, 14.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 39, 49
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 43, 23
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 25.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 37.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 54.8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 35.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 4, 8.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 5, 41.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 18.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 8, 25
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 8, 35
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 10, 20.7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 17
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 44
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 35
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 38
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 23, 36
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 15
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 17
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 26
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 42, 53
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 44, 38
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 13.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 21.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 7.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 2, 19.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 2, 8.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 42
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 45
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 39
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 41
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 42
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 10.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 8, 18
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 8, 29
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 9, 7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 23, 39
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 12
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 13.16
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 27, 38.7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 11.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 17.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 44.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 22.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 54.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 70.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 4, 22.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 4, 58.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 29
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 48
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 12
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 14
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 28
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 23, 30
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 14
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 13.12
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 29.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 33.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 47.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 28, 22.15
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 29, 9.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 10, 20.8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 10, 26.11
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 36.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 41, 8.12
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 42, 25
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 42, 43
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 42, 52
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 44, 24
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 44, 6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 44, 8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 45, 38.12
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 10, 7.8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 18.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 16.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 21
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 4, 24.7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 12.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 25.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 7, 29
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 8, 14
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 16
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 23, 7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 21
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 23
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 29.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 48.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 33, 46.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 37, 12
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 37, 41.8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 39, 16
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 39, 52
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 40, 36.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 32, 19.9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 32, 24.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 40, 41.8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 40, 5.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 43, 19
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 44, 22
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 44, 39
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 24.2
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 52.4
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 1, 9.3
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 26
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 21, 31
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 22, 60
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 3, 62.1
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 4, 44.10
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 5, 20.8
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 25.10
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 33.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 6, 34.5
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 10
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 18
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 26, 40.7
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 33, 45.6
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 38, 9
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 39, 55
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 41, 4.7
    • Seneca, Phoenissae, 493
    • Seneca, de Ira, 3.12.6
    • Seneca, de Ira, 3.21.5
    • Seneca, de Clementia, 1.16.2
    • Seneca, de Clementia, 1.18.2
    • Seneca, de Clementia, 1.19.8
    • Seneca, de Clementia, 1.26.1
    • Seneca, de Clementia, 1.3.1
    • Seneca, de Clementia, 1.3.4
    • Seneca, de Clementia, 2.6.2
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 2.14.2
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 2.15.3
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 2.20.2
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 2.25.3
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 2.28.2
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 4.17.2
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 4.29.2
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 6.25.4
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 6.6.1
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 7.16.3
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 7.4.2
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 7.4.8
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 7.5.1
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 7.6.1
    • Seneca, de Beneficiis, 7.6.3
    • Cicero, De Legibus, 1.18
    • Cicero, De Legibus, 1.23
    • Cicero, De Legibus, 1.6
    • Cicero, De Fato, 18
    • Cicero, de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, 1.16
    • Cicero, de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, 2.11
    • Cicero, de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, 3.1
    • Cicero, de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, 4.4
    • Cicero, de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, 5.17
    • Cicero, de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum, 5.9
    • Cicero, de Natura Deorum, 1.25
    • Cicero, de Natura Deorum, 1.44
    • Cicero, de Natura Deorum, 2.12
    • Cicero, de Natura Deorum, 3.15
    • Cicero, De Senectute, 23
    • Cicero, De Amicitia, 9
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 1.17
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 1.18
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 1.29
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 1.32
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 1.38
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 1.42
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 4.12
    • Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, 5.13
    • Cicero, Paradoxa Stoicorum, 6
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 1.31
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 1.33
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 1.39
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 1.40
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 1.5
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 2.21
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 3.23
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 3.5
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 3.6
    • Cicero, De Officiis, 1.7
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 2, 4.21
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 2, 6.7
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 6, 3.88
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 6, 3.90
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 9, 3.68
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 9, 3.86
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 9, 4.61
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 7, 10.10
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 10, 2.26
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 11, 1.41
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 11, 1.16
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 11, 1.6
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 12, 10.2
    • Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, Book 12, 3.3
    • Gellius, Noctes Atticae, 1.8.5
    • Gellius, Noctes Atticae, 13.24
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 115.17
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 53.11
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 71.10
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 71.3
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 75.18
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 76.10
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 76.33
    • Seneca, Epistulae, 94.65
    • Sallust, Catilinae Coniuratio, 23
    • Sallust, Catilinae Coniuratio, 28
    • Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum, 31
    • Ovid, Tristia, 3.4
    • Persius, Saturae, 1
    • Columella, Res Rustica, 3.1
    • Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 3.2.17
    • Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 5.11.1
    • Curtius, Historiarum Alexandri Magni, 5.12.14
    • Cicero, Brutus, 1.4
    • Ovid, Fasti, 2
    • Ovid, Fasti, 5
    • Ovid, Fasti, 6
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 1.1.8
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 2.4.4
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 2.7.2
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 3.4
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 4.4.3
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 6.8.2
    • Valerius Maximus, Facta et Dicta Memorabilia, 8.12.1
    • Cicero, De Inventione, 1.21
    • Cicero, De Inventione, 2.17
    • Cicero, De Inventione, 2.49
hide Display Preferences
Greek Display:
Arabic Display:
View by Default:
Browse Bar: