I.inf. parag. oetier, Rogat. Tribun. ap. Fest. p. 246 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 3, 4), ūsus (inf. utier, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 4; Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 13), 3, v. dep. etym. dub..
I. Prop., to use.
A. With abl.
1. To make use of, employ: cave ... ne tibi hoc scipione malum magnum dem. Paeg. Jam utere eo, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 36: Th. Oh Epidicumne ego conspicor? Ep. Certe oculis utere, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 4: “hoc oculo,” id. Mil. 4, 7, 25: “sola potest animi per se natura ... durare et sensibus uti,” Lucr. 3, 560: “de rebus ipsis utere tuo judicio,” Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2: “utinam, quem ad modum oratione sum usurus alienā, sic mihi ore uti liceret alieno,” id. Rep. 3, 5, 8: “utor neque perantiquis neque inhumanis ac feris testibus,” cite, appeal to, id. ib. 1, 37, 58: “neque enim accusatore muto neque teste quisquam utitur eo, qui de accusatoris subsellio surgit,” id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104: “num argumentis utendum in re ejus modi?” Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11: “mancipium, quo et omnes utimur, et non praebetur a populo,” id. ib. 2, 4, 5, § “9: quo interprete non ad linguam Graecam, sed ad furta et flagitia uti solebat,” id. ib. 2, 3, 37, § “84: ut postea numquam dextro (oculo) aeque bene usus sit,” Nep. Hann. 4, 3: “si licet exemplis in parvo grandibus uti,” Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 25: “viribus utendum est, quas fecimus,” Luc. 1, 347.—With ad: ad eam rem usus est tuā mihi operā Sa. Utere, ut vis, Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 27: “earum (navium) materiā atque aere ad reliquas reficiendas utebatur,” Caes. B. G. 4, 31: “administris ad ea sacrificia Druidibus,” id. ib. 6, 16: “ut eā potestate ad quaestum uteretur,” Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 11: “ad quam rem (deus) motu mentis ac ratione utatur,” id. N. D. 1, 37, 104.—With pro: “utuntur aut aere aut taleis ferreis ad certum pondus examinatis pro nummo,” Caes. B. G. 5, 12.—
2. Esp.
a. To manage, control, wield: “bene ut armis, optime ut equis uteretur,” Cic. Deiot. 10, 28: “nemo est quin eo ipso (equo), quo consuevit, libentius utatur quam intractato,” id. Lael. 19, 68.—
b. To spend, use: “velim cum illā videas ut sit qui utamur (sc. pecunia),” Cic. Att. 11, 11, 2: “tantis vectigalibus ad liberalitatem utens,” id. Fin. 2, 26, 84: “cum horis nostris nos essemus usi,” spent, exhausted, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 30.—Absol.: “notum et quaerere et uti,” Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 57.—
c. To wear: “pellibus aut parvis renonum tegimentis utuntur, magnā corporis parte nudā,” Caes. B. G. 6, 21 fin.: “ne insignibus quidem regiis Tullus nisi jussu populi est ausus uti,” Cic. Rep. 2, 17, 31.—
d. To accept, adopt: “eā condicione, quae a Caesare ferretur, se usuros ostendebant,” Caes. B. G. 4, 11: “praeposteris enim utimur consiliis et acta agimus,” Cic. Lael. 22, 85.—
e. To resort to, consult: “neque Vectium ad se arcessit, quaestorem suum, cujus consilio uteretur,” Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 114: “oraculo,” Tac. A. 2, 54.—
f. Of a form or style of speech, sentiment, etc., to make, adopt, employ: “sermonibus morologis utier,” Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 21: “si provincia loqui posset, hac voce uteretur,” Cic. Div. in Caecin. 5, 19: “hac unā defensione,” Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 4, § 8: “haec oratio, quā me uti res publica coëgit,” id. Rosc. Am. 49, 143: “cum hortatione non egeas, non utar eā pluribus verbis,” id. Fam. 11, 5, 3: “illa criminatio, quā in me absentem usus est,” id. Agr. 3, 1, 3.—
g. To perform, exercise, practise, etc.: “crucior, patrem ... nunc inprobi viri officio uti,” Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 14: “eādem nos disciplinā utimur,” id. As. 1, 3, 49; cf.: “nec vero habere virtutem satis est quasi artem aliquam, nisi utare: etsi ars quidem, cum eā non utare, scientiā ipsā teneri potest,” Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2: “diuturni silentii, quo eram his temporibus usus, finem hodiernus dies attulit,” observed, kept, id. Marcell. 1, 1: “eos (senes) ego fortasse nunc imitor et utor aetatis vitio,” id. Fam. 2, 16, 6: “ratione utuntur,” exercise moderation, Plaut. Cas. prol. 27: “ut anteponantur ... ratione utentia rationis expertibus,” Cic. Top. 18, 69: “ne tu, leno, postules Te hic fide lenoniā uti: non potis,” Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 30: “viribus uteris per clivos,” Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 10.—With adverb. acc.: “ut hoc utimur maxime more moro multum,” Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 1: “ita aperte ipsam rem locutus nil circuitione usus es,” Ter. And. 1, 2, 31.—
h. In gen., to use, enjoy, profit by, take advantage of, etc.: otio qui nescit uti plus negoti habet, quam, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 20, 12 (Trag. Rel. v. 252 Vahl.): sinite ... eodem ut jure uti senem Liceat, quo jure sum usus adulescentior, i. e. enjoy, exercise, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 2: “commodius esse opinor duplici spe utier,” id. Phorm. 4, 2, 13: “serius a terrā provectae naves neque usae nocturnā aurā in redeundo offenderunt,” Caes. B. C. 3, 8: “commoda quibus utimur lucemque quā fruimur ab eo nobis dari,” Cic. Rosc. Am. 45, 131: “in maximo meo dolore hoc solacio utor, quod, etc.,” id. Fam. 11, 26 init.: usus est hoc cupidine, tamdiu, dum, etc., had the use of, i. e. borrowed, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; cf. “I. B. 2. infra: utatur suis bonis oportet et fruatur, qui beatus futurus est,” id. N. D. 1, 37, 103: “propter nauticarum rerum scientiam plurimisque maritimis rebus fruimur atque utimur,” id. ib. 2, 60, 152: “si fortunā permittitis uti,” to try, take advantage of, Verg. A. 9, 240: “nostrā utere amicitiā, ut voles,” Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 38; cf.: “decet hunc ordinem ... bene utier amicitiā,” Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 24: “libertate modice utantur,” Liv. 34, 49, 8: “deorum Muneribus sapienter uti,” Hor. C. 4, 9, 48: “Ofellam Integris opibus novi non latius usum Quam nunc accisis,” id. S. 2, 2, 113: “quia parvo nesciet uti,” id. Ep. 1, 10, 41: “temporibus sapienter utens,” taking advantage of, Nep. Epam. 3, 1.—Prov.: foro uti, to make one's market, i. e. accommodate one's prices, actions, etc., to circumstances, take advantage of events: “scisti uti foro,” Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29.—Absol.: “opportunae sunt divitiae ut utare (sc. eis),” Cic. Lael. 6, 22.— With adverb. acc.: “ne Silius quidem quicquam utitur (sc. suis hortis),” Cic. Att. 12, 22, 3. —
k. Of passions, traits of character, etc., to indulge, practise, exercise, yield to, etc.: “inter nos amore utemur semper subrepticio?” Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 49: “alacritate ac studio,” Caes. B. G. 4, 24: “severitas, quā tu in iis rebus usus es,” Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6, § 19: “usus est ipse incredibili patientiā,” id. Phil. 1, 4, 9: ego pervicaciam (esse hanc) aio, et eā me uti volo, Att. ap. Non. 433, 1 (Trag. Rel. v. 5 Rib.): “dementer amoribus usa,” Ov. M. 4, 259.—With in and acc.: “ut suā clementiā ac mansuetudine in eos utatur,” Caes. B. G. 2, 14.—
1. To experience, undergo, receive, enjoy, etc., ne simili utamur fortunā atque usi sumus, Quom, etc., Ter. Phorm. prol. 31: “hoc honore usi togati solent esse,” Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 32: “homines amplissimis usos honoribus,” id. Fl. 19, 45: “nobiles amplis honoribus usi,” Sall. J. 25, 4: “neminem curuli honore usum praeterierunt,” Liv. 34, 44, 4: “primus externorum usus illo honore quem majores Latio quoque negaverint,” Plin. 7, 43, 44, § 136: quoniam semel est odio civiliter usus, Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 41.—
m. To use as food or medicine, to take, drink, etc.: “lacte mero veteres usi memorantur et herbis,” Ov. F. 4, 369: “aquis frigidis,” Cels. 1, 1: “antidoto,” Scrib. Comp. 171: “medicamento,” id. ib. 228: “vino modice,” Cels. 8, 11: “ex altero (loco, i. e. ex lacu) ut pecus uti possit (sc. aquā),” Varr. R. R. 1, 11, 2.—
B. With the thing used, etc., as direct obj. (class. only in gerund. constr.; v. infra): nuptias abjeci, amicos utor primoris viros, Turp. ap. Non. p. 497, 15 (Com. Rel. v. 164 Rib.): “facilitatem vulgariam,” Nov. ib. 481, 21 (Com. Rel. v. 98 ib.): “res pulchras, quas uti solet,” id. ib. 500, 16 (Com. Rel. v. 69 ib.): “ita uti eum oportet libertatem,” Titin. ib. 481, 19 (Com. Rel. v. 98 ib.): “cetera quae volumus uti Graecā mercamur fide,” Plaut. As. 1, 3, 47: “dic mihi, an boni quid usquam'st, quod quisquam uti possiet,” id. Merc. 1, 2, 37: “diutine uti bene licet partum bene,” id. Rud. 4, 7, 15: “profecto uteris ut voles operam meam,” id. Poen. 5, 2, 128: “mea, quae praeter spem evenere, utantur sine,” Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 29: “BALINEVM ... QVOD VSI FVERANT AMPLIVS ANNIS XXXX.,” Inscr. Orell. 202: si quid est, quod utar, utor: si non est, egeo, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 23, 1: “oleam albam, quam voles uti, condito,” id. R. R. 118: “quam rem etiam nomine eodem medici utuntur,” Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 23: “ferrum,” Aur. Vict. Caes. 17, 4.—
2. Hence, esp. gerund. in phrases dare utendum, to lend; recipere or rogare or petere utendum, to borrow, etc. (class.; “freq. in Plaut.): quod datum utendum'st,” Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 7: “quae utenda vasa semper vicini rogant,” id. Aul. 1, 2, 18; 2, 4, 32; 2, 9, 4; id. Pers. 1, 3, 47 sq.; id. Mil. 2, 3, 76; id. Rud. 3, 1, 10: auris tibi contra utendas dabo, Enn. ap. Non. 506, 1 (Trag. Rel. v. 364 Vahl.); Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 81: “quae bona is Heraclio omnia utenda ac possidenda tradiderat,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 46: “te, quod utendum acceperis, reddidisse,” id. Tusc. 3, 17, 36: “multa rogant utenda dari, data reddere nolunt,” Ov. A. A. 1, 433.—
II. Transf. (through the intermediate idea of having and using).
A. Pregn., to enjoy the friendship of any one; to be familiar or intimate with, to associate with a person.
a. With abl: “his Fabriciis semper est usus Oppianicus familiarissime,” Cic. Clu. 16, 46: “quā (Caeciliā) pater usus erat plurimum,” id. Rosc. Am. 11, 27: “Trebonio multos annos utor valde familiariter,” id. Fam. 1, 3, 1: “Lucceius qui multum utitur Bruto,” id. Att. 16, 5, 3: “utere Pompeio Grospho,” Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 22: “quo pacto deceat majoribus uti,” id. ib. 1, 17, 2: “si sciret regibus uti,” ib. ib. 14: “ita me verebatur ut me formatore morum, me quasi magistro uteretur,” Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 2.—
B. To be in possession of a thing, esp. to have, hold, or find a thing in some particular mode or character; with abl.: “mihi si unquam filius erit, ne ille facili me utetur patre,” he shall find an indulgent father in me, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 5; cf.: “patre usus est diligente et diti,” Nep. Att. 1, 2: “bonis justisque regibus,” Cic. Rep. 1, 33, 50: “quae (sc. libertas) non in eo est, ut justo utamur domino, sed ut nullo,” id. ib. 2, 23, 43; cf. id. Fin. 1, 1, 2: “hic vide quam me sis usurus aequo,” Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 59, § 154: “ut is illis benignis usus est ad commodandum,” id. ib. 2, 4, 3, § “6: ne bestiis quoque immanioribus uteremur,” id. Rosc. Am. 26, 71: “me Capitolinus convictore usus amicoque A puero est,” Hor. S. 1, 4, 95: “uteris monitoribus isdem,” id. Ep. 2, 2, 154: “valetudine non bonā,” Caes. B. C. 3, 49: “quo (sc. Philoctete) successore sagittae Herculis utuntur,” Ov. M. 13, 52.—Absol.: “nam pol placidum te et clementem eo usque modo ut volui usus sum in alto (= placidum te esse ut volui, sic te usus sum),” Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 8.—Hence, P. a.: ūtens , ntis, m., possessing, that possesses: “utentior sane sit,” i. e. a larger possessor, richer, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.
