Harold North Fowler, Commentary on Thucydides Book 5

Σπονδὰς ἐποιήσαντο κτἑ.: see App.

καὶ οἱ ξύμμαχοι: refers esp. to the allies of Sparta. The allies of the Athenians rarely (but see 10) appear in independent action. Cf. c. 47. 1 f. The same relation exists below § 9; and therefore κατὰ πόλεις here and in 48 refers only to the allies of the Lacedaemonians.

περὶ μὲν τῶν ἱερῶν τῶν κοινῶν: standing at the beginning of the sent., is used almost abs. as regards the national sanctuaries. The sanctuaries referred to are esp. those at Delphi and Olympia. Cf. iii. 57. 7, and see on iv. 118. 1 f.—ἐξεῖναι: see App.— 5. τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ τὸν νεών: νεώς is the temple proper, ἱερόν the consecrated enclosure about the temple. Cf. iv. 90. 7.

αὐτονόμους κτἑ.: i.e. free from external influence, esp. that of the Phocians, which had occasioned serious hostilities between Sparta and Athens. See i. 112. 13 ff. The unusual expression αὐτοτελεῖς καὶ αὐτοδίκους is used in order to exclude every kind of foreign interference. The temple and the inhabitants of Delphi are here joined in an indivisible community, and the following preds. apply to both in common.

ἀδόλους καὶ ἀβλαβεῖς καὶ κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλασσαν: this, like several other expressions in this chapter, is the regular formula. Cf. c. 47. § 1-4.

ἤν: see App.—διάφορον: adj. disputed, as in i. 56. 2.

δικαίῳ: subst. legal means, settlement by law. Elsewhere with the art., as in iii. 39. 20.

ἀποδόντων δέ: this paragraph concerning the restoration of the places taken by the Lacedaemonians extends to 31. After the mention of the most important one among them, Amphipolis, the stipulations regarding their treatment are inserted (ὅσας δὲ πόλεις . . . ἐγένοντο, 25); and then the smaller towns which had revolted from Athens in the course of the war, and are to be restored, are mentioned by name: εἰσὶ δὲ（αἵδε, which the inferior Mss. insert here, interferes with the connexion) Ἄργιλος . . . Σπάρτωλος. Then follows a number of special provisions. See App.

παρέδοσαν: we should expect ἂν παραδῶσι, but in the language of the treaty the provision requiring the restoration of the towns is regarded as already fulfilled. Cf. ἐπειδὴ ἐγένοντο in 24. But see App. on 18.

αὐτούς: the inhabitants (or, accepting Kirchhoff's reading, παρέλαβον for παρέδοσαν in 19, the Athenians who were in these cities) themselves. This emphasis upon the pronoun necessitates the use of the connective καί before ἔχοντες.—φερούσας τὸν φόρον: expresses the same condition as ἀποδόντων τὸν φόρον, 24, if they or as long as they pay the tribute.

τὸν ἐπ᾽ Ἀριστείδου: the first appointment of the tribute to be paid by members of the Delian confederacy was ascribed to Aristides (Plut. Arist. 24; Dem. XXIII. 209; Paus. viii. 52). See on i. 96. 5.

ἐπειδὴ...ἐγένοντο : i.e. after the ratification of the treaty. See on 19, above. Until then the Athenians could try to subject the cities by violence, and the above provisions of the treaty were not in force.

Στάγειρος: see App. on c. 6. 2.

βουλομένας: “with their own free will and consent.” See App.— 29. Ἀθηναίοις: const. with ἐξέστω. Because this provision applies only to the Athenians, they are mentioned a second time at the end of the sent.

Μηκυβερναίους καὶ Σαναίους καὶ Σιγγαίους: St. conjectures that these places were among those mentioned in i. 58. 11 ff., which had united in the foundation of Olynthus. Steup, Stud. Thuc. I. p. 40 ff., and Kirchhoff, Sitzungsber. d. Berl. Akad. 1882, p. 924, assume that the Olynthians claimed the rights of suzerainty over Mecyberna, the Acanthians over Sane and Singus. These claims are here denied, and the three towns are, at the instance of the Athenians, placed upon an equal footing with Olynthus and Acanthus.

Πάνακτον: this provision, made without the consent of the Boeotians (see c. 3. 24 and 17. 18), was only imperfectly executed. See c. 42. 2 ff.

Κορυφάσιον: the Lacedaemonian name for Pylos. It was taken by the Athenians in 425 B.C. See iv. 3 ff.

Κύθηρα: was taken by the Athenians in 424 B.C. See iv. 53 ff.—Μεθώνην: was seized by the Athenians in 425 B.C. See iv. 45. 5 ff. See App.—Πτελεόν: has not been mentioned elsewhere by Thuc. Perhaps it is the place in Boeotia mentioned in Pliny, iv. 7. 26. —Ἀταλάντην: an island near the Opuntian Locrians, was occupied by the Athenians in 431 B.C. See ii. 32.— 35. ἐν τῷ δημοσίῳ: ἐν τῷ δεσμωτηρίῳ, Schol. Cf. iv. 41. 1, οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι ἐβοίλευσαν δεσμοῖς μὲν αὐτοὺς φυλάσσειν μέχρι οὗ τι ξυμβῶσιν.

ἄλλοθι που ὅσης : like ἄλλοθι που ἧς, 41, with the rare ellipsis of γῆς. Part. gen. G. 168, N. 3; H. 757.

τοὺς ἐν Σκιώνῃ πολιορκουμένους: see iv. 130. 34 and 131. 8.

ἀφεῖναι: here, as above, § 3 and 4, and below, § 9 and 10, the inf. and imv. interchange. GMT. 103; H. 957 a; Kühn. 474 b, and 595, 5.

ὅσους Βρασίδας ἐσέπεμψε: see iv. 123. 16,

Σερμυλιῶν: from inscriptions for Ms. Ἑρμυλίων. The gens., at first loosely joined with εἴ τινα ἄλλην πόλιν, are taken up again in the following περὶ αὐτῶν. See App.

ὀμνύντων δέ: this provision concerning the form of oath is, like the one above, 19 ff., concerning the treatment of the restored cities, inserted as a parenthesis between the corresponding members of the sent., ὅρκους δὲ . . . πόλεις and 52, ἔστω δὲ . . . ἀμφοτέρους. The Athenians are to make oath to the Lacedaemonians as well as to those of their allies who unite in the peace; hence the pl. ὅρκους, 47. The Lacedaemonians and their allies take an oath to the Athenians only; hence, 53, ὅρκος πρὸς Ἀθηναίους.—ἑκάτεροι: i.e. the Athenians on one side, the Lacedaemonians and their allies on the other. (Kirchhoff brackets ἑκάτεροι.) —τὸν ἐπιχώριον ὅρκον τὸν μέγιστον: Fränkel, Hermes, 13, p. 460, has shown that the oath by which the Athenians usually ratified treaties was sworn by Zeus, Demeter, and Apollo. Ullrich, Beitr. 1862, p. 7 ff., suggests for Sparta the Dioscuri, τὼ Σιώ.

ἑπτακαίδεκα ἐξ ἑκάστης πόλεως : see App.

Ἀθήνησι: see App.—ἐν πόλει: i.e. ἐν τῇ Ἀκροπόλει. Cf. ii. 15. 33 f. —ἐν Ἀμυκλαίῳ: i.e. in the temple of Apollo of Amyclae, which lay, acc. to Polyb. v. 19, twenty stadia from the city.

ὅτου: after ὁποτεροιοῦν is easily understood in place of ὁτουοῦν.— λόγοις δικαίοις: “negotiations about what is just,” “the just or legal method,” opp. to every sort of violence. So also in c. 98. 2.

εὔορ- κον: consistent with their oath, i.e. with the sworn treaty.