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Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.) 1 1 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 1 1 Browse Search
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Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.), BOOK VII. We here enter upon the third division of Pliny's Natural History, which treats of Zoology, from the 7th to the 11th inclusive. Cuvier has illustrated this part by many valuable notes, which originally appeared in Lemaire's Bibliotheque Classique, 1827, and were afterwards incorporated, with some additions, by Ajasson, in his translation of Pliny, published in 1829; Ajasson is the editor of this portion of Pliny's Natural History, in Lemaire's Edition.—B. MAN, HIS BIRTH, HIS ORGANIZATION, AND THE INVENTION OF THE ARTS., CHAP. 57. (56.)—THE INVENTORS OF VARIOUS THINGS. (search)
o refined, but it is the only one which has been proposed.—B. invented tiles and discovered copper-mines,The copper-mines of Temesa, supposed to have been in Cyprus, are mentioned by Homer. There was another place of that name in Bruttium, and another in India, both equally famous for their copper. both of them in the island of Cyprus; he also invented the tongs, the hammer, the lever, and the anvil. Wells were invented by Danaus,Danaus is said to have migrated from Egypt into Greece about 1485 B.C. He may have introduced wells into Greece, but they had, long before his time, been employed in Egypt and in other countries. The term "Dipsion," "thirsting," which it appears had been applied to the district of Argos, may seem to render it probable, that, before the arrival of Danaus, the inhabitants had not adopted any artificial means of supplying themselves with water.—B. But this country, we are told, is naturally well supplied with water. who came from Egypt into that part of Greece
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
chytic lava, in which a porous structure has been induced by the expansion of gas while in a plastic state. Campo Bianco, one of the Lipari Islands, which is entirely composed of this substance, is the principal source of supply. It is frequently employed in its natural condition, but more generally in the state of powder. Pump. 1. (Hydraulics.) A device for lifting water by the motion of a piston in a cylinder. Whether they were invented by Danaus, who dug the wells in Argos, 1485 B. C., or by Ctesibus of Alexandria, about 224 B. C., it is not possible to determine. In either case, the origin is Egyptian, and that is the most likely part of the statement. Danaus is said to have been the brother of the Pharaoh Rameses, and to have carried many useful devices from the Nile to the Peloponnesus. The piston working in a cylinder is the piston-blower, a very ancient form of blast for the native smelting-furnaces of Asia, Africa, and Europe. See page 1717. The water-pum