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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 17 17 Browse Search
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.) 2 2 Browse Search
Pausanias, Description of Greece 1 1 Browse Search
Appian, The Foreign Wars (ed. Horace White) 1 1 Browse Search
Appian, The Foreign Wars (ed. Horace White) 1 1 Browse Search
Polybius, Histories 1 1 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 1 1 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). You can also browse the collection for 283 BC or search for 283 BC in all documents.

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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Asmmo'nius (search)
Asmmo'nius （*)Ammw/nios) LITHO'TOMUS, an eminent surgeon of Alexandria, mentioned by Celsus (De Med. vii. Praef. p. 137), whose exact date is not known, but who probably lived in the reign of Ptolemy Philadelphus, B. C. 283-247, as his name occurs in Celsus together with those of several other surgeons who lived at that time. He is chiefly celebrated for having been the tist person who thought of breaking a stone within the bladder when too large for extraction entire; on which account he received the cognomen of liqoto/mos. An account of his mode of operation, as described by Celsus (De Med. 7.26, p. 161), is given in the Dict. of Ant. p. 220. Some medical preparations used by a physician of the same name occur also in Aetius and Paulus Aegineta, but whether they all belong to the same person is uncertain. [W.A.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Anti'gonus Go'natas （*)Anti/gonos *Gonata=s), son of Demetrius Poliorcetes and Phila (the daughter of Antipater), and grandson of Antigonus, king of Asia. [ANTIGONIDAE.] When his father Demetrius was driven out of Macedonia by Pyrrhus, in B. C. 287, and crossed over into Asia, Antigonus remained in Peloponnesus ; but he did not assume the title of king of Macedonia till after his father's death in Asia in B. C. 283. It was some years, however, before he obtained possession of his paternal dominions. Pyrrhus was deprived of the kingdom by Lysimachus (B. C. 286); Lysimachus was succeeded by Seleucus (280), who was murdered by Ptolemy Ceraunus. Ceraunus shortly after fell in battle against the Gauls, and during the next three years there was a succession of claimants to the throne. Antigonus at last obtained possession of the kingdom in 277, notwithstanding the opposition of Antiochus, the son of Seleucus, who laid claim to the crown in virtue of his father's conquests. But he withdrew
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Aristo'genes (search)
ysicians mentioned by Suidas, of whom one was a native of Tlasos, and wrote several medical works, of which some of the titles are preserved. The other was a native of Cnidos, and was servant to Chrysippus, the philosopher, according to Suidas; or rather, as Galen says (de Ven. Sect. adv. Erasistr. Rom. Deg. 100.2, de Cur. Rat. per Ven. Sect. 100.2, vol. xi. pp. 197, 252), he was a pupil of the physician of that name, and afterwards became physician to Antigonus Gonatas, king of Macedonia, B. C. 283-239. A. physician of this name is quoted by Celsus, and Pliny. Hardouin (in his Index of authors quoted by Pliny) thinks that the two physicians mentioned by Suidas were in fact one and the same person and that he was called " Cnidius" from the place of his birth, and " Thasius" from his residence ; this, however, is quite uncertain. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. xiii. p. 83, ed. vet.; Kühn, Additam. ad Elenchum Medicor. Veter. a Jo. A. Fabricio, &c. exhibitum, Lips. 1826, 4to., fascic. iii. p.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Calvi'nus or Calvi'nus Maxnimus (search)
Calvi'nus or Calvi'nus Maxnimus 2 CN. DOMITIUS CN. F. CALVINUS, surnamed Maxnimus, offered himself as a candidate for the curule aedileship in B. C. 304; but, although his father had been consul, Cn. Flavius, the famous scribe of Appins Clandius, was preierred to him Five years later, however, B. C. 299, he was elected curule aedile. (Liv. 10.9, where instead of the praenomen C. we ought to read Cn.) He was raised to the consulship in B. C. 283, together with P. Cornelius Dolabella. The name of Calvinus scarcely appears during the year of his consulship, though he must have been very actively engaged, for Rome was just then threatened by a coalition of all her enemies in Italy. Stimulated by the Lucanians and Bruttians, and more especially by the Tarentines, the Etruscans, Gauls, Umbrians, and Samnites took up arms against her. The Senones, allied with the Etruscans, attacked the town of Arretium; and as the consuls were probably engaged in other parts of Italy, the praetor L. Caecil
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Chrysippus (search)
is life. He wrote several works, which are not now extant, and Galen says (De Vcn. Sect. adv. Ertisislr. Rom. Deg. 100.5, vol. xi. p. 221), that even in his time they were in danger of being lost. Several of his medical opinions are, however, preserved by Galen, by whom he is frequently quoted and referred to. (De Ven. Sect. adv. Erasistr., &c., vol. xi. pp. 149, &c., 171, &c., 197, 221, &c.) Chrysippus 2. The son of the preceding, was a physician to Ptolemy Soter, king of Egypt, B. C. 323-283, and was falsely accused, scourged, and put to death, but on what charge is not mentioned. (D. L. 7.186.) Chrysippus 3. A pupil of Erasistratus (D. L. 7.186), who must have lived therefore in the third century B. C. Some persons think he was the author of the work De Brassica, "On the Cabbage," mentioned by Pliny (Plin. Nat. 20.33) and Plinius Valerianus (De Med. 4.29), but this is quite uncertain. Chrysippus 4. A writer on Agriculture, *Gewryika/, mentioned by Diogenes Laertius (7.186)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Chrysippus (search)
Chrysippus 2. The son of the preceding, was a physician to Ptolemy Soter, king of Egypt, B. C. 323-283, and was falsely accused, scourged, and put to death, but on what charge is not mentioned. (D. L. 7.186.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Conon (search)
Conon （*Ko/nwn), of Samos, a mathematician and astronomer, lived in the time of the Ptolemies Philadelphus and Euergetes (B. C. 283-222), and was the friend and probably the teacher of Archimedes, who survived him. None of his works are preserved. His observations are referred to by Ptolemy in his fa/deis a)planw=n, and in the historical notice appended to that work they are said to have been made in Italy (Petav. Uranolog. p. 93), in which country he seems to have been celebrated. (See Virgil's mention of him, Ecl. 3.40.) According to Seneca (Nat. Quaest. 7.3), he made a collection of the observations of solar eclipses preserved by the Egyptians. Apollonius Pergaeus (Conic. lib. iv. praef.) mentions his attempt to demonstrate some propositions concerning the number of points in which two conic sections can cut one another. Conon was the inventor of the curve called the spiral of Archimedes [ARCHIMEDES] ; but he seems to have contented himself with proposing the investigation of its
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), or Deme'trius Poliorcetes (search)
hunting in the adjoining park, and does not seem to have been harshly treated. Seleucus even professed an intention of restoring him to liberty, and indignantly rejected the proposal of Lysimachus to put him to death; but the restless spirit of Demetrius could ill brook confinement, and he gave himself up without restraint to the pleasures of the table, which brought on an illness that proved fatal. His death took place in the third year of his imprisonment and the fifty-fifth of his age, B. C. 283. (Plut. Demetr. 45-52; Polyaen. 4.9; Diod. xxi. Exc. Vales. p.562.) His remains were sent by Seleucus with all due honours to his son Antigonus, who interred them at Demetrias in Thessaly, a city which he had himself founded. (Plut. Demetr. 53.） There can be no doubt that Demetrius was one of the most remarkable characters of his age: in restless activity of mind, fertility of resource, and daring promptitude in the execution of his schemes, he has perhaps never been surpassed; but pros
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Deme'trius (search)
andria, he devoted himself mainly to literary pursuits, ever cherishing the recollection of his own country. (Plut. de Exil. p. 602f.) The successor of Ptolemy Lagi, however, was hostile towards Demetrius, probably for having advised his father to appoint another of his sons as his successor, and Demetrius was sent into exile to Upper Egypt, where he is said to have died of the bite of a snake. (D. L. 5.78; Cic. pro Rabir. Post. 9.) His death appears to have taken place soon after the year B. C. 283. Demetrius Phalereus was the last among the Attic orators worthy of the name (Cic. Brut. 8; Quint. Inst. 10.1.80), and his orations bore evident marks of the decline of oratory, for they did not possess the sublimity which characterizes those of Demosthenes: those of Demetrius were soft, insinuating, and rather effeminate, and his style was graceful, elegant, and blooming (Cic. Brut. 9, 82, de Orat. 2.23, Orat. 27; Quint. Inst. 10.1.33); but he maintained withal a happy medium between th
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Deme'trius PHALEREUS or Deme'trius of Phaleron (search)
andria, he devoted himself mainly to literary pursuits, ever cherishing the recollection of his own country. (Plut. de Exil. p. 602f.) The successor of Ptolemy Lagi, however, was hostile towards Demetrius, probably for having advised his father to appoint another of his sons as his successor, and Demetrius was sent into exile to Upper Egypt, where he is said to have died of the bite of a snake. (D. L. 5.78; Cic. pro Rabir. Post. 9.) His death appears to have taken place soon after the year B. C. 283. Demetrius Phalereus was the last among the Attic orators worthy of the name (Cic. Brut. 8; Quint. Inst. 10.1.80), and his orations bore evident marks of the decline of oratory, for they did not possess the sublimity which characterizes those of Demosthenes: those of Demetrius were soft, insinuating, and rather effeminate, and his style was graceful, elegant, and blooming (Cic. Brut. 9, 82, de Orat. 2.23, Orat. 27; Quint. Inst. 10.1.33); but he maintained withal a happy medium between th
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