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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 5 5 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 1 1 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), America, discoverers of. (search)
the continent of America. On his return, in 1500. Vespucius gave an account of the voyage in a letter to Lorenzo de‘ Medici (for text of letter, see Americus Vespucius). He made other voyages, and in a letter to Rene. Duke of Lorraine, written in 1504, he gave an account of his four voyages, in which he erroneously dated the time of his departure on his first voyage May 29, 1497, or a year or more Before Columbus and Cabot severally discovered the Continent of North and South America. In 1505 a narrative of his voyages to America was published at Strasburg, entitled Americus Vesputius de Orbe Antarcticozzz per Regum Portugalliaa Pridem Zzzjurenta. From that publication, bearing the untrue date of his first voyage. Vespucius acquired the reputation of being the first discoverer of America. Alluding to that false date and the statements under it, the learned and conscientious Charlevoix wrote that Ojeda, when judicially interrogated, gave the lie direct to the statement. And Her
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Americus Vespucius, 1451-1512 (search)
for slaves to Spanish grandees. In May, 1501, Vespucius, then in the service of the King of Portugal, sailed on his second voyage to America, exploring the coast of Brazil. In 1503 he commanded a caravel in a squadron destined for America, but parted company with the other vessels, and off the coast of Brazil discovered the Bay of All-Saints. He then ran along the coast 260 leagues, and, taking in a cargo of Brazil wood, returned to Lisbon in 1504. He entered the Spanish service again in 1505, was made chief pilot of the realm, and again voyaged to America. In 1504 Vespucius, in a letter to the Duke of Lorraine, gave an account of his four voyages to the New World, in which was given the date of May 29, 1497, as the time when he sailed on his first voyage. That was a year earlier than the discovery of the continent of South America by Columbus and of North America by Cabot, and made it appear that Vespucius was the first discoverer. After the death of Columbus, in 1506, a frien
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Nino, Pedro Alonso 1468-1505 (search)
Nino, Pedro Alonso 1468-1505 Explorer; born in Moguer, Spain, in 1468; served with Columbus on his third voyage, and with him discovered the island of Trinidad, Oct. 1, 1498, and later the coast which Columbus named Tierra Firme, and the outlets of the Orinoco River. Returning to Spain he fitted out an expedition on his own behalf, crossed the ocean in twenty-three days and visited the gulf on the coast of Tierra Firme, named by Ojeda the Gulf of Pearls, and secured a large amount of pearls Oct. 1, 1498, and later the coast which Columbus named Tierra Firme, and the outlets of the Orinoco River. Returning to Spain he fitted out an expedition on his own behalf, crossed the ocean in twenty-three days and visited the gulf on the coast of Tierra Firme, named by Ojeda the Gulf of Pearls, and secured a large amount of pearls by trading with the natives. He then cruised up the coast to Punta Araya, where he discovered the salt-mines which are still famous. He died in Spain about 1505.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Santo Domingo, (search)
ccompanied with a smile. The Spaniards soon extirpated the natives by their cruel treatment of them, making them slaves to work in the mines, without any distinction of sex. For nearly half a century the Spanish settlements there were prosperous, and then for a while they were nearly desolated because of the drain of men from there to settle discovered regions in adjacent islands and the continent. The natives made several attempts to recover their liberties from the Spanish invaders. In 1505 Ovando summoned the Spaniards to arms to subjugate the whole population of the island. In violation of a treaty, he seized the eastern portion of the island and hanged the cacique. A female cacique governed the western province of the island. She had been uniformly kind towards the Spaniards, and was beloved by her people. She was falsely accused of a design to exterminate the intruders. With this pretext as an excuse, Ovando, under the pretence of making her a friendly visit, marched t
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
el and the framing which supported it were contained in a wooden building, to the corner of which the jib was attached. The essential features of a crane may be combined in a machine of simple construction (Fig. 1505), the central pillar being sustained by a frame of timber a, by a planted pillar b, or by guys c, as in the three examples of cranes of simple construction. The operation is sufficiently plain without entering into detail. The ordinary warehouse or foundry crane (d, Fig. 1505) is usually stepped in the floor, and has its upper bearing in a joist or beam. Its size, proportions, and to some extent its construction, depend upon its place and application. The application of iron in the construction of the crane causes some change in the appearance e, apparent lightness and compactness being gained. The double crane (f, Fig. 1505) has two jibs; one of which is employed in raising a load, while the other is depositing its load in position. The crane is mounted o