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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), H. (search)
umping chute, by which its contents are carried to wagons. b. A cistern or box for washing ores. 2. (Milling.) The case of a flour bolt. A bolting-hutch. 3. A kneading-trough. Hutch′ing. （Mining.) A separation of ore in a sieve, which is suspended from a lever or held in the hands, and agitated in a vat of water. See jigger. Huy-ghen′i — an eye-piece. （Optics.) The negative eye-piece, named after its distinguished inventor, Christian Huyghens, a Dutch astronomer (1629– 1695). This wonderful man excelled in mathematical and mechanical science and art. He improved the telescope; discovered the ring of Saturn (as such); reapplied the pendulum to beating time, and first accurately adapted it; invented the micrometer; and in his various communications to the Academy of Sciences in Paris and the Royal Society of London illuminated all he undertook. He was one of the emigrants driven from France at the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, and exchanged the
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), R. (search)
whiskers belonging to the image of Confucius are supposed to be capable of imparting wisdom and manly beauty to any one who may wear them. Unfortunately, decapitation is the reward of any one who removes them from the image, so that their virtues are never tested. Artificial hair was used by the Egyptians, Carthagenians, Greeks, and Romans. A splendid wig has been preserved in one of the Egyptian tombs, and is now in a European museum. Wigs were again brought into use in France about 1629, and the practice spread throughout civilized Europe. Kings, courtiers, and the devotees of law, physic, and divinity were not full dressed without a wig. The absurd idea yet obtains. Horsehair and goat's hair yet protect or parch the legal and judicial brain in the tight little island. See hair, par. 6, page 1047. Cortez found the Mexicans using razors of obsidian. Pepy, in his Diary (May, 1662), recommends trimming one's self with a pumice-stone, which I learnt of Mr. March, and I
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
ddle Ages, Italy took the lead in arts and sciences, as the names of Leonardo da Vinci, Baptista Porta, Galileo, and others will indicate. Leonardo da Vinci's steam-gun (A. D. 1500) is noticed under that head. See steam-gun. Brancas (A. D. 1629) had a copper boiler and eductionpipe, the steam issuing from which rotated the vanes of a shaft which worked pestles for grinding-materials, raising water by buckets, sawing timber, etc. This may be considered the first breast-wheel steam-engine it is surmised that it is the invention of Archimedes. One who has had access to the manuscript states that Da Vinci gives the credit of the invention to the Greek philosopher. A steam-gun is described in Van Etten's Recreations Mathematique, 1629, 83d Problem. It is a very clumsy contrivance, but used steam acting on a wooden piston or sabot to expel the ball. Perkins exhibited a steam-gun in England before the Duke of Wellington, 1824. It was very effective, but the Iron Duke conside