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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Hessian fly, (search)
Hessian fly, The American wheat midge, destructive to wheat in the United States, whither it is said to have been brought by the Hessian soldiers in British pay during the Revolutionary War, in 1786, 1846, and 1886. The fly also occasioned much destruction in England and Scotland in 1788, 1887, and 1890.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Holland land Company. (search)
Holland land Company. The tract of land ceded by the State of New York to the State of Massachusetts in 1786 was sold by the latter State to Oliver Phelps and Nathaniel Gorham for $1,000,000. They soon afterwards extinguished the Indian title to a part of this territory, surveyed it into tracts denominated ranges and townships, and sold large parcels to speculators and actual settlers. In 1790 they sold nearly the whole of the residue of the survey (1,204,000 acres) to Robert Morris, of Philadelphia, for 8d. an acre, who resold it to Sir William Pulteney. Phelps and Gorham, being unable to fulfil their contract in full with Massachusetts, compromised and surrendered that portion of the land to which the Indian title was unextinguished, in consideration of which the State relinquished two-thirds of the contract price. In 1796 Robert Morris purchased from the State this portion also, extinguished the Indian title, sold off several large tracts upon the east side of and along th
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Holmes, Abiel 1763-1837 (search)
Holmes, Abiel 1763-1837 Clergyman; born in Woodstock, Conn., Dec. 24, 1763; graduated at Yale College in 1783; tutor there in 1786 and 1787; was pastor of a church in Georgia from 1785 to 1791; and of the First Church, Cambridge, from 1792 to 1832. He prepared and published, in 2 octavo volumes, very valuable Annals of America, closing in 1826. He also published a Life of his father-in-law, President Stiles (1798); a Memoir of the French Protestants; A history of Cambridge; and many sermons. He died in Cambridge, Mass., June 4, 1837.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Homestead laws. (search)
f the treasury at public sale for not less than $1 per acre. This message, however, was a failure, and it was intimated that the States which had any lands of their own to dispose of took pains to make it inoperative. Meanwhile, settlers began to make entries on public lands without authority, and the government was obliged to resort to force to drive them off. A company of United States troops was kept going up and down the Ohio River from the Pennsylvania line to Cincinnati from 1784 to 1786, burning all the cabins and laying down and burning the fences of these squatters. Often this operation had to be repeated several times to drive away the determined pioneers. In 1787 the price of public land was reduced to 66 2/3 cents per acre, and during the next year the regulation for drawing the land by States was repeated, and the Treasury Department, which then had charge of the sale of public lands, was empowered to sell them in any part of the United States at pleasure. The low p
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Howe, William 1729- (search)
in battle on Long Island, Aug. 27, 1776, and for this he was soon after knighted. He took possession of New York City, Sept. 15, and was defeated in battle at White Plains (q. v.), Oct. 28. On Nov. 16 he captured Fort Washington, on Manhattan Island, and in July, 1777, sailed in the fleet of his brother, Admiral Howe, for Chesapeake Bay. Marching for Philadelphia, he defeated Washington in battle on Brandywine Creek, Sept. 11, 1777, and entered Philadelphia on Sept. 26. Howe repulsed an attack made by Washington, Oct. 4, at Germantown, and spent the ensuing winter in Philadelphia. In May, 1778, he was succeeded by Sir Henry Clinton, and returned to England. Sir William was made lieutenant-general of ordnance in 1782, and in 1786 colonel of dragoons and full general. In 1795 he was appointed governor of Berwick, and on the death of his brother, in 1799, succeeded to his Irish viscounty. Howe was governor of Plymouth and a privy-councillor at the time of his death, July 12, 1814.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Huntington, Samuel 1731-1796 (search)
Huntington, Samuel 1731-1796 Signer of the Declaration of Independence; born in Windham, Conn., July 3, 1731; was brought up on his father's farm and learned the cooper's trade. In 1753 he began to study law; in 1758 settled in the town of Norwich, which he represented in the General Assembly in 1764; in 1765 was made king's attorney; and in 1775 was a member of the upper house in the Connecticut Assembly; was a member of the Continental Congress in 1776-83; president of it in 1779-81; judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut in 1774-84, and in the latter year was chiefjustice of that court. He was lieutenantgovernor of Connecticut in 1785, and governor in 1786-96. He died in Norwich, Conn., Jan. 5, 1796.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Ingersoll, Joseph Reed 1786- (search)
Ingersoll, Joseph Reed 1786- Legislator; born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 14, 1786; graduated in Princeton in 1804; practised law in Philadelphia; served in Congress as Whig in 1835-37 and 1842-49; and was an ardent supporter of Henry Clay; and was United States minister to Great Britain in 1852. He published Secession, a folly and a crime; Life of Samuel Breck, etc. Ingersoll, Robert Green
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Irvine, James 1735-1819 (search)
Irvine, James 1735-1819 Military officer; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. 4, 1735; took part in Colonel Bouquet's expedition as captain in a Pennsylvania regiment. During the Revolutionary War he was captain and later lieutenant-colonel of the 1st Pennsylvania; and was commissioned colonel of the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment, Oct. 25, 1776. He was taken prisoner during the action at Chestnut Hill, Dec. 5, 1777, carried to New York, and remained there till he was exchanged in 1781. After the close of the war he was a member of the General Assembly of Pennsylvania in 1785-86, and of the State Senate in 1795-99. He died in Philadelphia, Pa., April 28, 1819.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Irvine, William 1741-1804 (search)
Irvine, William 1741-1804 Military officer; born in Fermanagh, Ireland, Nov. 3, 1741; was surgeon of a ship-of-war; came to the United States after the peace of 1763, and practised medicine at Carlisle, Pa. He was an active patriot, and raised and commanded the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment in 1776; was captured in the battle at Three Rivers, Canada; exchanged in May, 1778; served under Wayne, and in 1781 was stationed at Fort Pitt, charged with the defence of the Northwestern frontier. He was a member of Congress in 1786-88, and took a civil and military part in the task of quelling the Whiskey Insurrection. He was again a member of Congress in 1793-95. He died in Philadelphia, July 29, 1804.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Jackson, Andrew 1767-1845 (search)
nth President of the United States; born in the Waxhaw Settlement, Mecklenburg co., N. C., March 15, 1767. His parents had emigrated from the North of Ireland, in 1765, and were of the Scotch-Irish. At fourteen years of age, Andrew joined the Revolutionary forces in South Carolina. In that service he had two brothers killed. He was with Sumter in the battle of Hanging Rock (q. v.), and in 1781 was made a prisoner. He was admitted to the practice of the law in western North Carolina in 1786; removed to Nashville in 1788; was United States attorney for that district in 1790; member of the convention that framed the State constitution of Tennessee in 1796; member of the United States Senate in 1797; and judge of the Tennessee Supreme Court from 1798 to 1804. From 1798 until 1814 he was major-general of the Tennessee militia, and conducted the principal campaign against the Creek Indians, which resulted in the complete subjugation of that nation in the spring of 1814. On May 31,
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