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ntury. He was a native of Proconsular Asia, but appears to have removed to Rome, where he was instructed (maqhteuqei\s), perhaps converted to Christianity, by Tatian [TATIANUS]. Nothing more is known of his history than that he took an active part against the heretics of his day; being certainly engaged against the Marcionites, with one of whom, Apelles [APELLES], he had a personal discussion; and probably against the Montanists. Jerome places him in the time of Commodus and Severus, i. e. A. D. 180-211. He wrote:--1. Adversus Marcionem Opus. From this work Eusebius, in his account of Rhodon, has given one or two brief citations. It was addressed to one Callistion, and contained Rhodon's account of his conference with Apelles, which is extracted by Eusebius. According to this account Rhodon silenced his antagonist, and held him up to ridicule. Certainly he appears to have possessed too much of that self-confidence and fondness for reviling which has characterized polemical writers.
of Commodus, Severus, and Caracalla, the latest date being A. D. 210. His reign must thus have comprised a period of more than thirty-two years. He was succeeded by RHESCUPORIS III. The annexed coin has the head of Commodus, with the date 475 (A. D. 180). * It must be observed that the years reckoned from the Bosporan era, began in the summer, so that the same date would correspond to two calendar years. As Commodus did not reign alone before the spring of A. D. 180, the above coin cannot havethe latest date being A. D. 210. His reign must thus have comprised a period of more than thirty-two years. He was succeeded by RHESCUPORIS III. The annexed coin has the head of Commodus, with the date 475 (A. D. 180). * It must be observed that the years reckoned from the Bosporan era, began in the summer, so that the same date would correspond to two calendar years. As Commodus did not reign alone before the spring of A. D. 180, the above coin cannot have been struck previous to that date.
an apology for the Christian faith, in the form of a letter to a friend, named Autolycus, who was still a heathen, but a man of extensive reading and great learning, and an earnest lover of truth (Theoph. ad Autolyc. 1. p. 69b., iii. pp. 119, a., 127, b., 138, d.). This work must have been written, or, at least, finished, shortly before the death of Theophilus, for there is an allusion towards the close of it, which fixes the composition of that part after the death of Marcus Antoninus, in A. D. 180; and, according to the preceding testimonies, Theophilus did not live later than A. D. 183, or perhaps than A. D. 181. The work is cited by various titles, either simply pro\s *Au)to/lukon bibli/a g/, or with the addition peri\ th=s tw=n *Xristianw=n pi/stews, or, as Eusebius has it (H. E. 4.24), tri/a ta\ pro\s Au)to/lukon stoixeiw/dh suggra/mmata, implying that the object of the work was to teach Autolycus the elements of Christian truth; and again, in a MS. in the Paris library, the tit
hed 90 grains; in the time of Vespasian, A. D. 70, it had fallen to 53 grains. The aureus was first issued about 204 B. C., and weighed 166 grains, but had fallen to 96 grains in the time of Heliogabalus, A. D. 218. The silver coinage of Crotona, 600 B. C., was pure, as was also the gold coinage of Philip of Macedon, 350 B. C. Under Vespasian, A. D. 79, the silver money contained one fourth its weight of copper. Under Antoninus Pius, A. D. 138, more than one third. Under Commodus, A. D. 180, nearly one half. Under Gordian, A. D. 236, more than two thirds of the so-called silver coin was copper. Under Gallienus, A. D. 361, a coinage was issued, an alloy of copper, tin, and silver, of which the latter formed less than a two hundredth part. The Republic debased the coin by reducing its weight, the Empire by alloying it. Pieces of copper and of tin, of known weight but irregular shape, were used in Britain, till Cunobelin, King of the Trinobantes, who had been educated at the