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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Aca'cius (search)
Aca'cius 2. A Syrian by birth, lived in a monastery near Antioch, and, for his active defence of the Church against Arianism, was made Bishop of Berrhoea, A. D. 378, by St. Eusebius of Samosata. While a priest, he (with Paul, another priest) wrote to St. Epiphanius a letter, in consequence of which the latter composed his Panarium. (A. D. 374-6). This letter is prefixed to the work. In A. D. 377-8, he was sent to Rome to confute Apollinaris before Pope St. Damasus. He was present at the Oecumenical Council of Constantinople A. D. 381, and on the death of St. Meletius took part in Flavian's ordination to the See of Antioch, by whom he was afterwards sent to the Pope in order to heal the schism between the churches of the West and Antioch. Afterwards, he took part in the persecution against St. Chrysostom (Socrates, Hist. Eccl. 6.18), and again compromised himself by ordaining as successor to Flavian, Porphyrius, a man unworthy of the episcopate. He defended the heretic Nestorius again
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ae'rius (search)
Ae'rius （*)Ae/rios), Heretic, the intimate friend of Eustathius of Sebaste in Armenia, A. D. 360, was living when St. Epiphanius wrote his Book against Heresies, A. D. 374-6. After living together an ascetic life, Eustathius was raised to the episcopate, and by him Aerius was ordained priest and set over the Hospital (ptwxotrofei=on) of Pontus. (St. Epiph. ad v. Haer. 75.1.) But nothing could allay the envy of Aerius at the elevation of his companion. Caresses and threats were in vain, and at last he left Eustathius, and publicly accused him of covetousness. He assembled a troop of men and women, who with him professed the renunciation of all worldly goods (a)potaci/a). Denied entrance into the towns, they roamed about the fields, and lodged in the open air or in caves, exposed to the inclemency of the seasons. Aerius superadded to the irreligion of Arius the following errors : 1. The denial of a difference of order between a bishop and a priest. 2. The rejection of prayer and alms f
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
dii Biblioth. Patr. vol. vi. Prolegom.; Epist. S. Greg. Naz. 9 [159]. Paris. 1840.) He lived in retirement with his father at Ozizalis in Cappadocia, till he was summoned to preside over the see of Iconium in Lycaonia, or Pisidia, A. D. 373-4. St. Basil's Congratulatory Epistle on the occasion is extant. (Ep. 393, al. 161, vol. iii. p. 251, ed. Bened.) He soon after paid St. Basil a visit, and persuaded him to undertake his work "On the Holy Ghost" (vol. iii. p. 1), which he finished A. D. 375-6. St. Basil's Canonical Epistles are addressed to St. Amphilochius (l.c. pp. 268, 290, 324, written A. D. 374, 375). The latter had received St. Basil's promised book on the Divinity of the Holy Ghost, when in A. D. 377 he sent a synodical letter (extant, ap. Mansi's Concilia. vol. iii. p. 505) to certain bishops, probably of Lycia, infected with, or in danger of, Macedonianism. The Arian persecution of the church ceased on the death of Valens (A. D. 378), and in 381, Amphilochius was present a
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Arru'ntius (search)
Arru'ntius 3. L. Arruntius, son of the preceding, consul A. D. 6. Augustus was said to have declared in his last illness, that Arruntius was not unworthy of the empire, and would have boldness enough to seize it, if an opportunity presented. This, as well as his riches, talents, and reputation, rendered him an object of suspicion to Tiberius. In A. D. 15, when the Tiber had flooded a great part of the city, he was appointed to take measures to restrain it within its bed, and he consulted the senate on the subject. The province of Spain had been assigned to him, but Tiberius, through jealousy, kept him at Rome ten years after his appointment, and obliged him to govern the province by his legates. He was accused on one occasion by Aruseius and Sanquinius, but was acquitted, and his accusers punished. He was subsequently charged in A. D. 37, as an accomplice in the crimes of Albucilla; and though his friends wished him to delay his death, as Tiberius was in his last illness, and could n
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Aspre'nas (search)
Aspre'nas 2. L. Asprenas, a legate under his maternal uncle, Varus, A. D. 10, preserved the Roman army from total destruction after the death of Varus. (D. C. 56.22; Vell. 2.120.) He is probably the same as the L. Nonius Asprenas who was consul A. D. 6, and as the L. Asprenas mentioned by Tacitus, who was proconsul of Africa at the death of Augustus, A. D. 14, and who, according to some accounts, sent soldiers, at the command of Tiberius, to kill Sempronius Gracchus. (Tac. Ann. 1.53.) He is mentioned again by Tacitus, under A. D. 20. (Ann. 3.18.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Baton (search)
Baton 2. The name of two leaders of one of the most formidable insurrections in the reign of Augustus. The one belonged to the Dysidiatian tribe of the Dalmatians, and the other to the Breucians, a Pannonian people. The insurrection broke out in Dalmatia, in A. D. 6, when Tiberius was engaged in his second German expedition, in which he was accompanied by Valerius Messallinus, the governor of Dalmatia and Pannonia, with a great part of the army stationed in those countries. The example of the Dalmatians was soon followed by the Breucians, who, under the command of their countryman Bato, marched against Sirmium, but were defeated by Caecina Severus, the governor of Moesia, who had advanced against them. Meantime the Dalmatian Bato had marched against Salonae, but was unable to accomplish anything in person in consequence of having received a severe wound from a stone in battle: he despatched others, however, in command of the troops, who laid waste all the sea-coast as far as Apolloni
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Caeci'na (search)
Caeci'na 4. A. Caecina Severus, a distinguished soldier and general in the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius, had served forty campaigns by the year A. D. 15, and lived several years afterwards. (Tac. Ann. 1.64, 3.33.) He was governor of Moesia in A. D. 6, when the formidable insurrection under the two Batos broke out in the neighboring provinces of Dalmatia and Pannonia. [Bato.] He immediately marched against the Breucians in Pannonia, whom he defeated after a hard-fought battle, in which many of his troops fell, but was recalled almost im mediately afterwards to his own province by the ravages of the Dacians and Sarmatians. In the following year, he gained another victory over the insurgents, who had attacked him while on his march from Moesia to join Germanicus in Pannonia. (D. C. 55.29, 30, 32; Vell. 2.112.) In A. D. 14, Caecina had the command, as legate of Germanicus, of the Roman army in Lower Germany, and was employed by Germanicus, in the following year, in the war against
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Here'nnius (search)
Here'nnius 16. Here'nnius Ca'pito, was procurator of Iamnia, near the coast of Palestine. He arrested Herodes Agrippa [AGRIPPA, HERODES, 1.] for a debt to the imperial treasury, and reported his defalcation and consequent flight to the emperor Tiberius, A. D. 35-6. (J. AJ 18.6.3, 4.) [W.B.D]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Lentulus (search)
LUS GAETULICUS, son probably of No. 37, is sometimes called Cn. Cornelius Lentulus Cossus. The former, however, is more usual; but as we find on coins both COSSVS CN. F. LENTVLVS, and CN. LENTVLVS COSSVS, it would seem that he might be called indifferently either Cneius or Cossus (Pighius, vol. iii. p. 531). Cossus was originally a family name in the Cornelia gens, and was first assumed as a praenomen by this Lentulus. [COSSUS.] Lentulus was consul B. C. 1, with L. Calpurnius Piso, and in A. D. 6 was sent into Africa, where he defeated the Gaetuli, who had invaded the kingdom of Juba. In consequence of this success he received the surname of Gaetulicus and the ornamenta triumphalia. (D. C. 55.28; Veil. Pat. 2.116; Flor. 4.12.40; Oros. 6.21; Tac. Ann. 4.44.) On the accession of Tiberius in A. D. 14, he accompanied Drusus, who was sent to quell the mutiny of the legions in Pannonia. The mutineers were especially incensed against Lentulus, because they thought that from his age and mil
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Le'pida, Aemi'lia 4. The daughter of M. Aemilius Lepidus, consul A. D. 6 [LEPIDUS, No. 23], was married to Drusus, the son of Germanicus and Agrippina. [DRUSUS, No. 18.] She was a woman of abandoned character, and frequently made charges against her husband, doubtless with the view of pleasing Tiberius, who hated Drusus. During the lifetime of her father, who was always highly esteemed by Tiberius, she could do much as she pleased; but after she had lost this powerful protection, by his death, in A. D. 33, she was accused in A. D. 36 of having had adulterous intercourse with a slave; and as she could not deny the charge, she put an end to her life. (Tac. Ann. 6.40.)
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