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George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 3, 15th edition., Chapter 20: (search)
and the home relations of the states of the Old World to each other were finally surpassed in importance by the transatlantic conflicts with which they were identified. The mercantile system, being founded in error and injustice, was doomed not only itself to expire, but, by overthrowing the mighty fabric of the colonial system, to emancipate commerce, and open a boundless career to human hope. That colonial system all Western Europe had contributed to build. Even before the discovery of Amer- 1419. ica, Portugal had reached Madeira and the Azores, the 1448. Cape Verd Islands and Congo; within six years after 1449. the discovery of Hayti, the intrepid Vasco de Gama, 1484. following where no European, where none but Africans from Carthage, had preceded, turned the Cape of Good Hope, and arrived at Mozambique; and, passing the Arabian peninsula, landed at Calicut, and made an establishment at Cochin. Within a few short years, the brilliant temerity of Portugal achieved establ
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 3, 15th edition., Chapter 24: (search)
there was no need of awaiting the judgment of posterity, or listening to the indignation of contemporary patriotism; Pulteney and his associates stand self-condemned. The original documents demonstrate the extreme injustice of their opposition. It was my fortune, said Edmund Burke, to converse with those who principally excited that clamor. None of them, no, not one, did in the least defend the measure, or attempt to justify their conduct. In an ill hour for herself, in a happy one for Amer- 1739 Oct. 23. ica, England declared war against Spain. If the rightfulness of the European colonial system be con- Chap. XXIV.} ceded, the declaration was a wanton invasion of it forimmediate selfish purposes; but, in endeavoring to open the ports of Spanish America to the mercantile enterprise of her own people, England was also, though unconsciously, making war on monopoly, and advancing the cause of commercial freedom. The struggle was now, not for European conquests, or the balance