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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Illinois Indians, (search)
and Moingwenas) near Des Moines, west of the Mississippi, in 1672; also the Peorias and Kaskaskias on the Illinois River. The Tamaroas and Cahokias were on the Mississippi. The Jesuits found the chief Illinois town consisting of 8,000 people, in nearly 400 large cabins, covered with water-proof mats, with, generally, four fires to a cabin. In 1679 they were badly defeated by the Iroquois, losing about 1,300, of whom 900 were prisoners: and they retaliated by assisting the French, under De la Barre and De Nonville, against the Five Nations. The Illinois were converted to Christianity by Father Marquette and other missionaries, and in 1700 Chicago, their great chief, visited France, where he was much caressed. His son, of the same name, maintained great influence in the tribe until his death, in 1754. When Detroit was besieged by the Foxes, in 1712, the Illinois went to its relief, and in the war that followed they suffered severely. Some of them were with the French at Fort Duqu
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Montgomery, Richard 1736- (search)
treal on the 13th, and pushed on towards Quebec, and stood before its walls with some troops under Arnold, Dec. 4. On the 9th the Continental Congress made him a major-general. He invested Quebec and continued the siege until Dec. 31, when he attempted to take the city by storm. In that effort he was slain by grapeshot from a masked battery, Dec. 31, 1775. His death was regarded as a great public calamity, and on the floor of the British Parliament he was eulogized by Burke, Chatham, and Barre. Even Lord North spoke of him as brave, humane, and generous; but added, still he was only a brave, humane, and generous rebel; curse on his virtues, they've undone his Montgomery's monument. country. To this remark Fox retorted: The term rebel is no certain mark of disgrace. All the great assertors of liberty, the saviors of their country, the benefactors of mankind in all ages, have been called rebels. We owe the constitution which enables us to sit in this House to a rebellion. Mo
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Sac and Fox Indians, (search)
United States until Black Hawk (q. v.) made war in 1832, when Keokuk, a great warrior and diplomat, remained faithful. The Foxes proper were first known as Outagamies (English foxes ). They were visited in their place of exile with the Sacs by the Jesuit missionary Allouez, in 1667, when they numbered 500 warriors. The missionaries could make very little impression upon them. When De Nonville made his campaign against the Five Nations, the united Sacs and Foxes joined him, as they had De la Barre in 1684, but they soon became friendly to the Iroquois, and proposed to join their confederacy. In 1712 they attacked Detroit, and hostilities were carried on for almost forty years, when they joined the French in their final struggle to hold Canada. The Foxes befriended the white people in Pontiac's War. Since the War of 1812 the history of the Sacs and Foxes is nearly the same. In 1899 there were seventy-seven Sac and Fox Indians of the Missouri at the Pottawattomie and Great Nehama
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Sons of liberty. (search)
Sons of liberty. At the period of Zenger's trial (1735) the radical opponents of the royal governors were called Sons of Liberty; but the name was not often heard until after the memorable speech in the House of Commons (1765) of Colonel Barre against the taxation of the Americans. In reply to Charles Townshend's assertion that the colonies had been cared for and nourished into strength by the indulgence of the British government, Barre scornfully denied it, saying that care was exerciseBarre scornfully denied it, saying that care was exercised in sending unfit persons as governors to rule over them— men whose behavior on many occasions had caused the blood of those sons of liberty to recoil within them. The associated patriots in America instantly assumed this name. They were chiefly ardent young men, who loved excitement, but who were truly patriotic. They had, as a general rule, nothing to lose, let events turn as they might. Persons of consideration and influence, though they generally favored the acts of the Sons of Liberty
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Webster, Daniel 1782-1852 (search)
nment towards the Western emigrants, or my representation of it, brought to his mind a celebrated speech in the British Parliament. It was, sir, the speech of Colonel Barre. On the question of the Stamp Act, or tea tax, I forget which, Colonel Barre had heard a member on the treasury bench argue that the people of the United StatColonel Barre had heard a member on the treasury bench argue that the people of the United States, being British colonists, planted by the maternal care, nourished by the indulgence, and protected by the arms of England, would not grudge their mite to relieve the mother-country from the heavy burden under which she groaned. The language of Colonel Barre, in reply to this, was, They planted by your care? Your oppression plaColonel Barre, in reply to this, was, They planted by your care? Your oppression planted them in America. They fled from your tyranny, and grew by your neglect of them. So soon as you began to care for them, you showed your care by sending persons to spy out their liberties, misrepresent their character, prey upon them, and eat out their substance. And now does the honorable gentleman mean to maintain that la
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Westminster Abbey. (search)
palaces of the Plantagenets, the cathedrals which enshrine our old religion, the illustrious hall in which the long line of our great judges reared by their decisions the fabric of our law, the gray colleges in which our intellect and science found their earliest home, the graves where our heroes and sages and poets sleep. Indeed, I have understated their share in the abbey. It reaches down not only to the days of the Pilgrim Fathers, but to the War of Independence. Chatham and Burke and Barre as well as Patrick Henry advocated the American cause, which engaged the sympathy of the great mass of Englishmen, if not that of Grenville and North. We shall not have far to walk before we find those memorials of the abbey which belong to America in some special and distinctive way, and it is to those that I shall closely confine myself. On entering the western door you will see immediately to your right the huge monument reared by the nation to the memory of Captain Cornewell, who pe
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 2, 17th edition., Chapter 17: (search)
, 1683. existence to a large legislative council; and an assembly of notables was convoked by De la Barre, the governor-general, to devise a remedy for the ills under which the settlements languished all evil put away from the hearts of the English sachems. On the same day, a messenger from De la Barre appeared at Albany. But his complaints were unheeded. We have not wandered from our paths, owledgment, as the English deemed, of British sovereignty. Meantime the rash and confident De la Barre, with six hundred French soldiers, four hundred Indian allies, our hundred carriers, and thrown into a deep water. The deputies of the tribes repaired to the presence La Hom tau. of De la Barre to exult in his humiliation. It is well for you, said the eloquent Haaskouaun, rising from tg his allies at the mercy of their enemies. Meantime fresh troops arrived from France, and De la Barre was superseded by Denonville, an officer whom Charlevoix extols as possessing, in a sovereign
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 3, 15th edition., Chapter XXIII (search)
allusion to savage hordes as an express Chap. XXIII.} surrender of Canadian territory. The right of France, then, to that part of New York and Vermont which belongs to the basin of the St. Lawrence, sprung from discovery, occupation, the uniform language of its grants and state papers. As the claims of discovery and earliest occupation were clearly with the French, the English revived and exaggerated the rights of the Five Nations. In the strife with France, during the government of De la Barre, some of their chiefs had fastened the arms of the duke of York to their castles; and this act was taken as a confession of irrevocable allegiance to England. The treaty of Ryswick made the condition at the commencement of hostilities the basis of occupation at the time of peace. Now, at the opening of the war, Fort Frontenac had been razed, and the country around it, and Montreal itself, were actually in possession of the Mohawks; so that all Upper Canada was declared to have become, b
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 3, 15th edition., I. (search)
is tribe, III. 158, 241. Independents, origin of, I. 287. Indiana colonized, III. 346. Indians. See Aborigines. Indies, East, war in, III. 452. Ingle, rebellion of, I. 254. Ingoldsby in New York, II. 53. Iowa visited by Jesuits, III. 157. Iowas, Le Sueur among, II. 204. Iroquois attacked by Champlain, I. 28. Seen by Smith, 134. In Connecticut, 403. Treaty With, II. 255, 322. Their tribes and institutions, 417. Wars of, 418. Relations with New France, 419. Treaty with the English, 420. Meet De la Barre, 422. Their chiefs stolen, 425. Returned, 426. Visited by Jesuits, III. 132. Treaty with the French, 135. War with Hurons, 138. Missions among, 141. Invade Illinois, 167. Sack Montreal, 182. Contend with the French, 189. Make peace, 193. Their neutrality, 211. Chiefs visit England, 219. Treat with the French, 221. Their abode, 244. Receive the Tuscaroras, 322. Cede lands, 341. Receive the French, 342. Cede the West to the English, 455.