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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 3 1 Browse Search
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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
, used in Siun, and made out of a single trunk. Bal-loon′. 1. A bag or envelope of silk or other thin textile fabric, around which is a netting of small rope or cord, from which is suspended a car or basket. The balloon is provided with a valve, controlled by a rope within reach of a person in the car, to allow the gas by which the balloon is inflated to escape when it is desired to descend. Galion, of Avignon, wrote on aerostation in 1575; but the discovery of hydrogen made by Cavendish, in England, seemed to offer a feasible mode of accomplishing the object, and its use was suggested for that purpose by Dr. Black, in 1767, who ascertained that a light envelope filled with this gas would ascend. Balloon. The first machine by which an ascent was made into the upper regions of the atmosphere was invented and constructed by the brothers Stephen and Joseph Montgolfier, paper-manufacturers at Annotay, near Lyons, France. After experimenting unsuccessfully with hydrogen
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
air thus set in motion communicates its vibrations through the tube b to a similar elastic covering over the head of a receiving drum, over which is a disk d′ moving a rack i that gears with a pinion on the axis of the ratchet-wheel k; the movement of this wheel causes one of its teeth to lift the tail of a pivoted hammer sounding a signal on the bell h. Pneumatic trough. Pneu-mat′ic trough. The pneumatic trough, with its jars for the collection of gases, is the invention of Hon. Henry Cavendish; it is generally credited to Priestley. The jar, filled with water, rests upon the shelf, and the beak of the retort extends beneath the shelf, so that the gas passing off from the retort passes up into the jar and displaces the water therein. Pneu-mat′ic tube. To the fertile brain of Dr. Papin of Blois, who lived about the end of the seventeenth century, we are indebted for the first suggestion of conveying parcels in a tube by means of compressed air. This distinguished Frenc<