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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 8 0 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Prisons and prison-ships, British (search)
n-ships, British The British in New York confined the American prisoners of war in various large buildings, the most spacious of which were churches and sugar-houses. In the North Dutch Church, corner of Fulton and William streets, were Van Cortlandt's sugar-house. confined at one time 800 prisoners; and in the Middle Dutch Church, corner of Nassau and Liberty streets, room was made for 3,000 prisoners. Both churches were stripped of their pews, and floors were laid from one gallery to the other. Sugar-House in liberty Street. Provost jail. Smaller churches were used for hospitals. Rhinelander's, Van Cortlandt's, and Livingston's sugar-houses contained hundreds of prisoners, whose sufferings for want of fresh air, food, and cleanliness were dreadful. Under Commissaries Loring, Sproat, and others, and particularly under the infamous Provost-Marshal Cunningham, the prisoners in these buildings and the provost jail received the most brutal treatment. Hundreds died and we
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Van Cortlandt, Philip 1749-1831 (search)
of 1778 he was sent to protect the New York frontiers against the Indians under Brant. He was a member of the court that tried General Arnold for improper conduct at Philadelphia, and was in favor of cashiering him. Had all the court, wrote Van Cortlandt in his diary, known Arnold's former conduct as well as myself, he would have been dismissed the service. In 1780 he commanded a regiment under Lafayette; was with him in Virginia; and for his gallant conduct at Yorktown was promoted to brigas gallant conduct at Yorktown was promoted to brigadiergeneral. At the close of the war he retired to the Manor-house. From 1788 to 1790 he was a member of the New York legislature, and also of the State convention that adopted the national Constitution. He was United States Senator from 1791 to 1794, and member of Congress from 1793 to 1809. Lafayette was accompanied by General Van Cortlandt in his tour through the United States in 1824-25. He died in Cortlandt Manor, N. Y., Nov. 5, 1831.