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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 30 0 Browse Search
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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
urpose, but of different construction. See optigraph. Came-ra-ob-scura. The invention of this instrument has been credited to Roger Bacon, 1297, and to Alberti, 1437. It was described by Leonardo da Vinci, in 1500, as an imitation of the mechanical structure of the eye. The theory of optical sensation was laid down by Alhazen the Saracen, A. D. 1100. See binocular glasses. Baptista Porta, in 1589, mentions it in his book on Natural magic. Sir Isaac Newton remodeled it, 1700. Daguerre, in 1839, rendered the images obtained therein permanent, after Wedgewood, Davy, and Niepce had only partially succeeded. See photography. The camera-obscura as described by Baptista Porta is a dark chamber of cylindrical form, with a lens at one end and a white card or paper at the other, so placed as to be within the focus of the glass upon which the external image is depicted. The instrument, for the uses of photographers, has been enlarged and improved. Achromatic and periscopi
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
sts in launching. Da-guerre′o-type. The photographic process invented by Daguerre during the years 1824 – 39, resulting in the use of the camera for the exposurwas developed by fumes of mercury and fixed by hyposulphite of soda. In 1829, Daguerre was joined in his experiments by Niepce, who had been experimenting for fifteey oil of lavender. The French government granted a pension of 6,000 francs to Daguerre, one half to revert to his widow; 4,000 francs to Niepce's son, with reversion of one half to his widow. Niepce died in 1833, Daguerre in 1851. Da-guerre′o-type Etch′ing. A mode of etching by means of the influence of light on a preparedure admitting light from behind brilliantly illuminated certain portions. M. Daguerre was one of the artists of the dioramic exhibition at Regent's Park, London, s. He died in Paris, January 10, 1851, aged 62. M. Bouton was associated with Daguerre in the invention and exhibition. Dip. 1. (Compass.) The vertical angl
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), H. (search)
a new name, but not yet seen. Some indications yet afford a hope. He′li-o-chromo-type. （Photography.) A sunpicture in the natural colors: long desired, partially obtained, but always fugitive — so far. He′li-o-graph. （Photography.) 1. A sun-picture. Heliography is the name given to the art of taking sun-pictures by Nicephore Niepce, who was the first to take a permanent picture. He used the bitumen of Judea on tin and pewter plates. He commenced in 1814, thus preceding Daguerre, who worked upon silver plates with the vapors of iodine and mercury. In 1829 they became associated, and thereafter they worked together. See photography. 2. An instrument constructed by De la Ruc for obtaining photographs of the sun. It is mounted equatorially. The image of the sun, 0.466 inches in diameter at the focus, is enlarged to nearly 4 inches by means of a secondary object-glass, and this image is received on a photographic plate. The sun's light is so intense that not
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
f pictures. This mode of pictorial representation was invented by Daguerre and Bouton. It has great facilities for scenic and illuminative ars after his time. In 1829, M. Niepce associated himself with M. Daguerre, and no doubt contributed much to the latter's beautiful processn the 31st January, 1839, six months prior to the publication of M. Daguerre's process, Mr. Fox Talbot communicated his photographic discoveres not permit of details. In January, 1839, the announcement of Daguerre's invention was made to the world, but no description was given unofessor Morse learned the art in Professor Draper's laboratory. Daguerre made an unsuccessful attempt to photograph the moon. Dr. J. W. DrThis was analogous to the process disclosed by the elder Niepce to Daguerre when their copartnership was formed, for the purpose of perfectingion seems to have been lost sight of in the wonderful successes of Daguerre's process. A specimen of his photographic engraving effort is sai