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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 8 0 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight). You can also browse the collection for M. Gauss or search for M. Gauss in all documents.

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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), E. (search)
n and Baltimore. Professor Morse deserves high honor for the ingenious manner in which he availed himself of scientific discoveries previously made by others, for many important discoveries of his own, and for the courage and perseverance which he manifested, in endeavoring to render his system of practical utility to mankind by bringing it prominently to the notice of the public; and he lived to see it adopted in its essential features throughout the civilized world. In the mean while Gauss and Weber, and after them Steinheil, in Germany, were at work, and constructed a short line between the Royal Academy at Munich and the observatory; this, by means of right and left hand deflection-needles, was caused to print dots on a continuous slip of paper, moved by clock-work. While making experiments in connection with this work, Steinheil made the important discovery that the earth might be used as a part of the circuit, thus enabling him to dispense with one half the length of wi
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), G. (search)
om′e-ter. An instrument for measuring the strength of magnetic currents. The instrument as usually constructed consists of a magnetized needle placed parallel to a wire, which, when electrically excited, causes the deflection of the needle. See electrometer; electroscope. The discovery of this property in an electric current was by Oersted of Denmark, in 1819. The principle was soon adopted by electricians in the construction of the indicator telegraph. Ampere, Arago, Schilling, Gauss, Weber, and Alexander all used the principle, but it received its perfected form by Cooke and Wheatstone, English patent, 1837. See indicator-telegraph. Galvanometers. The tendency of the magnetic needle in the vicinity of an electrically excited needle held parallel to it is to assume a position at right angles to the wire conveying the current. By making the needle astatic, that is, by placing two needles with their poles in opposition to each other, they are not affected by the
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), M. (search)
ning the time and true meridian, are now working in concert in many distant stations: Berlin, Paris, Freiburg, Greenwich, Gottingen, Montreal, Melbourne, Cape Town, St. Helena, Simla, Madras, Bombay, Singapore, and probably many other places. It is understood that the observations are made at the same instant of absolute time. Each day is divided into 12 equal periods of 2 hours each, termed the magnetic hours. The mean time at Gottingen is adopted; a tribute to the energy and skill of M. Gauss of the observatory in that city. Mr. Brooke's system of photographic registry is adopted throughout. Magnet-o-mo′tor. A voltaic series of two or more large plates which produce a great quantity of electricity of low intensity, adapted to the exhibition of electro-magnetic phenomena. — Brande. Mag′ni-fy-ing-glass. A popular term for a convex piece of glass or a lens which has the property of magnifying. See optical instruments. Mag′nus-hitch. （Nautical.) A kind
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
the eye of an observer, and the scale on the magnet-head will be visible. To determine the magnet declination we have only to make the vertical wire of the telescope coincide with the axis of the magnet, and note on the horizontal circle the angle which this line makes with the direction of the true meridian, which is before determined. The variations in declination may then be determined from time to time by noting the reading of the magnet-scale. In observations for magnetic force, Gauss's method is generally employed. The suspended magnet is made to swing horizontally in the box through a very small arc, and the time of a single oscillation is noted. The same magnet is then made to deflect another suspended magnet, from a certain fixed position and at a known distance, and the angle through which the second magnet is deflected is observed. Each of these experiments determines a value which is due to the combined effects of the magnetism of the earth and of the magnet. B