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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Depew, Chauncey Mitchell, 1834- (search)
rvid eloquence for united action in Massachusetts; Hamilton, Jay, and Clinton pledged New York to respond withiotism, courage, ability, and learning; while Alexander Hamilton and James Madison, as original thinkers and cto confidence in Washington and the genius of Alexander Hamilton. Jefferson was the inspiration of independence, but Hamilton was the incarnation of the Constitution. In no age or country has there appeared a more precocious or amazing intelligence than Hamilton. At seventeen he annihilated the president of his college upon tcellor Livingston, Vice-President John Adams, Alexander Hamilton, Governor Clinton, Roger Sherman, Richard Henssions of the hour little besides the arguments of Hamilton, Madison, and Jay in The Federalist, and the judgmnd foreign relations to Jefferson, the Treasury to Hamilton, and the Supreme Court to Jay, he selected for his his country and to mankind as George Washington. Hamilton, Jefferson and Adams, Madison and Jay, each repres
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Disunion, early threats of. (search)
d made them familiar with the prescription of disunion as a remedy for incurable political evils, and they resolved to try its efficacy in the case in question. All through the years 1803 and 1804 desires for and fears of a dissolution of the Union were freely expressed in what were free-labor States in 1861. East of the Alleghanies, early in 1804, a select convention of Federalists, to be held in Boston, was contemplated, in the ensuing autumn, to consider the question of disunion. Alexander Hamilton was invited to attend it, but his emphatic condemnation of the whole plan, only a short time before his death, seems to have disconcerted the leaders and dissipated the scheme. The Rev. Jedidiah Morse, then very influential in the Church and in politics in New England, advocated the severance of the Eastern States from the Union, so as to get rid of the evils of the slave system; and, later, Josiah Quincy, in a debate in the House of Representatives, expressed his opinion that it migh
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Douglas, Stephen Arnold, 1813-1861 (search)
in the extract from which I have read, says that this government cannot endure permanently in the same condition in which it was made by its framers—divided into free and slave States. He says that it has existed for about seventy years thus divided, and yet lie tells you that it cannot endure permanently on the same principles and in the same relative condition in which our fathers made it. Why can it not exist divided into free and slave States? Washington, Jefferson, Franklin, Madison, Hamilton, Jay, and the great men of that day made this government divided into free States and slave States, and left each State perfectly free to do as it pleased on the subject of slavery. Why can it not exist on the same principles on which our fathers made it? They knew when they framed the Constitution that in a country as wide and broad as this, with such a variety of climate, production, and interest, the people necessarily required different laws and institutions in different localities.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Duer, William, 1747-1799 (search)
Duer, William, 1747-1799 Statesman; born in Devonshire, England, March 18, 1747; in 1767 was aide to Lord Clive in India; came to America, and in 1768 purchased a tract of land in Washington county, N. Y.; became colonel of the militia, judge of the county court, member of the New York Provincial Congress, and of the committee of safety. He was one of the committee that drafted the first constitution of the State of New York (1777), and was a delegate in Congress in 1777-78; and he was secretary of the Treasury Board until the reorganization of the finance department under the national Constitution. He was assistant Secretary of the Treasury under Hamilton until 1790. Colonel Duer married (1779) Catharine, daughter of Lord Stirling. He died in New York City, May 7, 1799.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Essex Junta, the. (search)
ing, and on that account the irritated President called his assailants and opposers the Essex Junta. He denounced them as slaves to British influence—some lured by monarchical proclivities and others by British gold. A pamphlet from the pen of Hamilton, whom Adams, in conversation, had denounced as a British sympathizer, damaged the President's political prospects materially. The Republicans rejoiced at the charge of British influence. Adams's course caused a great diminution of the Federal o which the Adamses, father and son, were contributors. Such a plot, if it ever existed, was confined to a few Federalist members of Congress, in consequence of the purchase of Louisiana. They had proposed to have a meeting in Boston, to which Hamilton was invited, though it was known that he was opposed to the scheme. The meeting was prevented by Hamilton's sudden and violent death. A series of articles signed Falkland had appeared in New England papers, in which it was argued that if Virgi
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Excise, first. (search)
Excise, first. The first bill to impose a tax on liquors was introduced into the Congress at the beginning of 1791, on the recommendation of Alexander Hamilton, then Secretary of the Treasury. As finally passed, it imposed upon all imported spirits a duty varying from 25 to 40 cents per gallon, according to strength. The excise to be collected on domestic spirits varied with their strength from 9 to 25 cents per gallon on those distilled from grain, and from 11 to 30 cents when the material was molasses or other imported product; thus allowing, especially when the duty on molasses was taken into account, a considerable discrimination in favor of the exclusively home product. There was much opposition to this law in and out of Congress. The details of the working of the law for securing a revenue from this source were very stringent, yet very just. The most violent opposition appeared in western Pennsylvania soon after its enactment, and when steps were taken for its enforce
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Federal convention, the. (search)
elve who had not at some time sat in that body. The officers of the Revolution were represented by Washington, Mifflin, Hamilton, and C. C. Pinckney. Of the members who had taken conspicuous posts since the Declaration of Independence, the most prominent were Hamilton, Madison, and Edmund Randolph. then the successor of Patrick Henry as governor of Virginia. The members who took the leading part in the debates were Gerry, Gorham, and King, of Massachusetts; Johnson, Sherman, and Ellsworth, of Connecticut; Hamilton and Lansing, of New York; Paterson, of New Jersey; Wilson, Gouverneur Morris, and Franklin, of Pennsylvania; Dickinson, of Delaware: Martin, of Maryland; Williamson, of North Carolina; and Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and Charlnecticut—William Samuel Johnson, Roger Sherman, and Oliver Ellsworth; New York—Robert Yates, John Lansing, Jr., and Alexander Hamilton; New Jersey— David Brearley, William Churchill Hous- Signatures to the Constitution. Signatures to the Constit<
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Federal Union, the John Fiske (search)
ocratic assembly of such an imperial city as Athens furnished a school of political training superior to anything else that the world has ever seen. It was something like what the New England town-meeting would be if it were continually required to adjust complicated questions of international polity, if it were carried on in the very centre or point of confluence of all contemporary streams of culture, and if it were in the habit every few days of listening to statesmen and orators like Hamilton or Webster, jurists like Marshall, generals like Sherman, poets like Lowell, historians like Parkman. Nothing in all history has approached the high-wrought intensity and brilliancy of the political life of Athens. On the other hand, the smallness of the independent city, as a political aggregate, made it of little or no use in diminishing the liability to perpetual warfare which is the curse of all primitive communities. In a group of independent cities, such as made up the Hellenic w
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Federalist, the (search)
Federalist, the A series of remarkable essays in favor of the national Constitution which were written by Alexander Hamilton with the assistance of Madison, Jay, and others. Hamilton wrote the larger half of these essays, which were probably the determining cause resulting in the adoption of the Constitution of the United States. They were subsequently published in book form under the above title. Federalist, the A series of remarkable essays in favor of the national Constitution which were written by Alexander Hamilton with the assistance of Madison, Jay, and others. Hamilton wrote the larger half of these essays, which were probably the determining cause resulting in the adoption of the Constitution of the United States. They were subsequently published in book form under the above title.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Federalists. (search)
Federalists. While the national Constitution was under discussion throughout the Union, in 1788, and it was passing the ordeal of State conventions, its advocates were called Federalists, because the effect of the Constitution would be to bind the several States more closely as a so-called confederation. They formed a distinct party that year, and held supreme political power in the republic until the close of the century. The leading members of the party were Washington, Hamilton, Adams, Jay, and many of the less distinguished patriots of the Revolution. Their opponents were called Anti-Federalists. In the contests of the French Revolution, which had influence upon public opinion in the United States, the Federalists leaned towards England, and the Anti-Federalists or Republicans towards France. In the Presidential election of 1800, the Federalists were defeated and Jefferson was elected. The party became unpopular because of its opposition to the War of 1812; and it fell
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