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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 6 0 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Onondaga Indians, (search)
Onondaga Indians, The third nation of the Iroquois Confederacy; their name means men of the great mountain. Tradition says that at the formation of the confederacy Hiawatha said to them: You, Onondagas, who have your habitation at the Great Mountain, and are overshadowed by its crags, shall be the third nation, because you are greatly gifted with speech, and are mighty in war. Their seat of government, or castle, was in the hill country southward from Syracuse, where was the great councilfire of the confederacy, or meeting-place of their congress. The Atatarho, or great sachem of the tribe, was chosen to be the first president of the confederacy. They were divided into fourteen clans, with a sachem for each clan, and their domain extended from Deep Spring, near Manlius, Onondaga co., west to a line between Cross and Otter lakes. This nation carried on war with the Indians in Canada, and also with the French, after their advent on the St. Lawrence; An Onondaga council. an
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), State of Oregon, (search)
y James Buchanan on the part of the United States and Mr. Pakenham for Great Britain, by which the boundary-line was fixed at 49° N. lat. In 1833 immigration to this region, Scene on the Columbia River, discovered by Captain Gray. Oregon Indians. overland, began, and in 1850 many thousands had reached Oregon; but very soon many of the settlers were drawn to California by the gold excitement there. To encourage immigration the Congress, in 1850, passed the donation law, giving to every man and his wife who should settle on such land between Dec. 1, 1850, and Dec. 1, 1853, 160 acres of land each. Under this law 8,000 claims were registered in Oregon. Settlers in Oregon and in Washington Territory, in 1855, suffered much from Indians, who went in bands to murder and plunder the white people. The savages were so well organized at one time that it was thought the white settlers would be compelled to abandon the country. Major-General Wool, stationed at San Francisco, went t