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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Lee, Francis Lightfoot 1734-1797 (search)
Lee, Francis Lightfoot 1734-1797 Signer of the Declaration of Independence; born in Stratford, Westmoreland co., Va., Oct. 14, 1734; brother of Richard Henry and Arthur Lee. In 1765 he was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses, and held that post until 1772. He was in the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1779, and was active and efficient in framing the Articles of Confederation. He was afterwards a State Senator. He died in Richmond, Va., April 3, 1797.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Paine, Thomas 1737- (search)
e independence. For a short time after the Declaration of Independence Paine was in the military service, and was aide-de-camp to General Greene. In December, 1776, he published the first number of his Crisis, and continued it at intervals during the war. In 1777 he was elected secretary to the committee on foreign affairs. Silas Deane (q. v.), who acted as mercantile as well as diplomatic agent of the Continental Congress during the earlier portion of the war, incurred the enmity of Arthur Lee and his brothers, and was so misrepresented by them that Congress recalled him from France. It had been insinuated by Carmichael that Deane had appropriated the public money to his private use. Two violent parties arose, in and out of Congress, concerning the doings of the agents of Congress abroad. Robert Morris, and others acquainted with financial matters, took the side of Deane. The powerful party against him was led by Richard Henry Lee, brother of Arthur, and chairman of the commi
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Revolution, diplomacy of the (search)
the language of the representatives of a powerful nation, which they certainly expected to form. The Americans had opened negotiations with the States-General of Holland for a treaty as early as 1778. William, brother of Richard Henry and Arthur Lee, had begun the discussion of such a treaty with Van Berkel, the pensionary of Amsterdam. This negotiation with a single province was made in secret. Lee had no authority to sign a treaty, nor could the expression of a single province bind theLee had no authority to sign a treaty, nor could the expression of a single province bind the Dutch Republic. Finally, Henry Laurens was sent by Congress to negotiate a treaty with the States-General, but was captured while crossing the Atlantic, and imprisoned in England. Then John Adams was sent for the purpose to The Hague. Early in 1782, through the joint exertions of Mr. Adams and the French minister at The Hague, the provinces, one after another, consented to the public recognition of Mr. Adams, and so openly recognized the independence of the United States. He was publicly i
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Revolutionary War, (search)
ds 10,000 men and forty guns near Gravesend, L. I. Aug. 22, 1776 Battle of Long Island Aug. 27, 1776 Washington withdraws his forces from Long Island to the city of New York.Aug. 29-30, 1776 Congress resolves that all Continental commissions in which heretofore the words United colonies have been used, bear hereafter the words United States Sept. 9, 1776 Americans evacuate New York CitySept. 14, 1776 British repulsed at Harlem HeightsSept. 16, 1776 Benjamin Franklin, Silas Deane, and Arthur Lee appointed ambassadors to the Court of France Sept. 22, 1776 Nathan Hale executed as a spy at New York Sept. 22, 1776 Battle on Lake Champlain; British victory Oct. 11-13, 1776 Thaddeus Kosciuszko, a Pole, arrives; recommended to Washington by Dr. Franklin; appointed colonel of engineers by Congress Oct. 18, 1776 Battle of White Plains, N. Y.; British victory Oct. 28, 1776 Franklin sails for France in the Reprisal, of sixteen guns, one of the new Continental frigates, the first nationa
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Secret committee. (search)
Secret committee. On Nov. 29, 1775, the Congress resolved That a committee of five be appointed for the sole purpose of corresponding with our friends in Great Britain, Ireland, and other parts of the world, and that they lay their correspondence before Congress when directed, and that all expenses that might arise by carrying on such correspondence, and for the payment of such agents as the committee might send on this service, should be defrayed by the Congress. This was the germ of the American State Department, and the initial step in the foreign diplomacy of the United States. The members chosen were Benjamin Harrison, Dr. Franklin, Thomas Johnson, John Dickinson, and John Jay. A correspondence was immediately opened with Arthur Lee, in London, and C. W. Dumas (a Swiss gentleman), residing in Holland.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Washingtoniana. -1857 (search)
reward which the world cannot give. Washington and his wife set out for Mount Vernon on the day before Christmas, where he was welcomed back to private life by the greetings of his family and flocks of colored servants. On Aug. 7, 1783, the Continental Congress, sitting at Princeton, resolved unanimously That an equestrian statue of General Washington be erected at the place where the residence of Congress shall be established. The matter was referred to a committee consisting of Messrs. Arthur Lee, Ellsworth, and Mifflin, to prepare a plan. The committee reported the same day That the statue be of bronze; the general to be represented in a Roman dress, holding a truncheon in his right hand, and his head encircled with a laurel wreath. The statue to be supported by a marble pedestal, on which are to be represented, in basso-relievo, the following principal events of the war, in which General Washington commanded in person, viz.: the evacuation of Boston, the capture of the Hes
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Watson, Fort, capture of (search)
n of the Congaree and Wateree, the British built Fort Watson, named in compliment to Colonel Watson, who projected it. In April, 1781, it was garrisoned by eighty regulars and forty loyalists, under the command of Lieutenant McKay, when Marion and Lee appeared before it and demanded its surrender. Colonel Watson was on his way from Georgetown with a large force to assist McKay, and the latter promptly defied Marion and Lee. The latter had no cannon, and the stockade was too high to be seriouslLee. The latter had no cannon, and the stockade was too high to be seriously affected by small-arms. Lieutenant Maham, of Marion's brigade, planned and built a tower of logs sufficiently high to overlook the stockade, with a parapet at the top for the defence of sharp-shooters placed therein. This work was accomplished during a dark night, and at dawn the garrison was awakened by a shower of bullets from a company of riflemen on the top of the tower. Another party ascended the mound and attacked the abatis with vigor. Resistance was vain. The fort, untenable, was
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Weldon Railroad, the (search)
Warren started for Petersburg, and soon fell in with a strong Confederate force, which captured 200 of a Maryland brigade. A sharp fight ensued. Warren held the ground he had gained, but at the cost of 1,000 men killed, wounded, and prisoners. Lee then sent a heavy force under Hill to drive Warren from the road. Hill fell upon Warren's Hank and rear, held by Crawford's division, and in the fierce struggle that ensued the Confederates captured 2,500 of the Nationals, among them Gen. J. Haye them Gen. J. Hayes. Yet the Nationals clung to the railroad; and, reinforcements coining up, Hill fled. Warren recovered the ground he had lost and intrenched. On the 21st the Confederates returned and assailed the Nationals with a cross-fire of thirty guns, and also by columns of infantry. The assailants were soon defeated, with a loss of 500 prisoners. The whole Confederate loss was fully 1,200 men. One of Lee's most important lines of communication was thus permanently wrested from him.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Wheaton, Frank 1833- (search)
he was employed in the Mexican boundary surveys (1850-55), and, in the latter year, became a lieutenant of United States cavalry, and was employed against the Indians. He was made captain of the 1st United States Cavalry early in 1861, and was lieutenant-colonel of the 2d Rhode Island Volunteers at the battle of Bull Run. He served through the campaign on the Peninsula, and fought in the battles of Manassas, Antietam, and Fredericksburg, and commanded a brigade at Gettysburg; was active in the campaign against Richmond in 1864, and commanded a division of the 6th Corps in the Shenandoah Valley under Sheridan. He went with Sheridan to the siege of Petersburg, and was at the surrender of Lee. He was brevetted brigadier and major general of volunteers, and in March, 1865, major-general, United States army, for meritorious services during the Rebellion. In 1874 he was promoted colonel of the 2d United States Infantry; in 1892 brigadier-general; in 1897 major-general, and was retired.
Cambridge History of American Literature: volume 1, Colonial and Revolutionary Literature: Early National Literature: Part I (ed. Trent, William Peterfield, 1862-1939., Erskine, John, 1879-1951., Sherman, Stuart Pratt, 1881-1926., Van Doren, Carl, 1885-1950.), Chapter 7: colonial newspapers and magazines, 1704-1775 (search)
of the Stamp Act, political essays of every description filled the newspapers, and what one paper published was soon reprinted in others. Thus the influence of the press in this critical period can hardly be overrated. If the pumpkin Gentry of New England (to use a tory phrase) took offence at some encroachment, gentlemen planters of the South were sure to read the whole case in a few weeks and, in spite of their differing civilization, to sympathize with the Northern firebrands. When Dr. Arthur Lee sent home to The Virginia gazette his Monitor, a series of essays describing hostile conditions in London, and urging his countrymen to non-importation, it was not by any means his countrymen of Virginia alone who heard the call. The Monitor has something of the distinguished style of the Farmer, and it is natural that the two should have been published together in a Williamsburg edition. Revolutionary Virginia burgesses always toasted the Farmer's and Monitor's letters together. But
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