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Document Max. Freq Min. Freq
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 12 0 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 10 0 Browse Search
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 5 1 Browse Search
The Daily Dispatch: June 25, 1861., [Electronic resource] 4 0 Browse Search
Laura E. Richards, Maud Howe, Florence Howe Hall, Julia Ward Howe, 1819-1910, in two volumes, with portraits and other illustrations: volume 1 4 0 Browse Search
Bliss Perry, The American spirit in lierature: a chronicle of great interpreters 4 0 Browse Search
Cambridge History of American Literature: volume 2 (ed. Trent, William Peterfield, 1862-1939., Erskine, John, 1879-1951., Sherman, Stuart Pratt, 1881-1926., Van Doren, Carl, 1885-1950.) 4 0 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature 2 0 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Margaret Fuller Ossoli 2 0 Browse Search
Alfred Roman, The military operations of General Beauregard in the war between the states, 1861 to 1865 2 0 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight). You can also browse the collection for Bruges (Belgium) or search for Bruges (Belgium) in all documents.

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uildings, etc. de-scribed by Al Mailla, an Arab historian.1291 Gibraltar taken by means of artillery.1308 A cannon in the arsenal at Bamberg.1323 Balls of iron thrown by means of fire used by the Moors.1331 Ten cannon prepared for the siege of Cam-bray.1339 The Moors defend Algesiras against Alphonso XI. by means of mortars.1343 Four pieces said to have been used by Edward III. at Crecy.1346 An iron gun with a square bore, for carrying a cubical shot of 11 pounds weight, made at Bruges.1346 Artillery used by the Venetians at the siege of Chioggia.1366 Artillery used by the Turks at the siege of Constantinople.1394 Red-hot balls fired by the English at the siege of Cherbourg.1418 The great cannon of Mahomet II. employed against Constantinople.1453 Louis XI. of France has twelve cannon cast to throw metallic shot, for use as a siege train.1477 Brass cannon first cast in England.1521 Iron cannon first cast in England.1547 Howitzers introduced.1697 Maritz of Geneva
St. Ivan's)127,830 Burmah (Amarapoora)260,000 Pekin130,000 Novogorod62,000 Vienna (1711)40,2009.8 Olmutz40,000 Rouen40,000 Sens34,0008.6 Erfurth30,800 Westminster ( Big Ben, 1858)30,324 London (Houses of Parliament)30,000 Paris (Notre Dame, 1680)28,6728.67 1/2 Montreal (1847)28,5608.68 1/4 Cologne25,000 New York (City Hall)23,0008.6 1/2 to 7 New York (Fire-alarm, 33d Street)21,612 York ( Great Peter, 1845)10 3/4 tons.8.3 Weight.Diameter.Thickness. Pounds.Ft. In.Inches. Bruges23,000 Rome (St. Peters, 1680)18,600 Oxford ( Great Tom, 1680)18,0007.16 1/8 Antwerp16,000 Exeter (1675)5 1/2 tons.6.35 Lincoln ( Great Tom, 1834)5 1/2 tons.6.86 London (St. Paul's, 1709)11,4706.7 Fig. 636 represents a bell having a rotatable clapper. The various parts are — Bell. B, clapper or tongue. C, clapper-bolt. D, yoke. F, canon or ear. M, mouth. P, sound-bow. S, shoulder. T, barrel. Cattle and sheep bells are cast, or are ma
and marking graduations on instruments. Glass-cutting.Lenses.Jewelry. Di′a-mond-cut′ter's Com′pass. (Diamond-cutting.) An instrument used to measure the inclination of the sides of jewels. It is a movable arm a, inserted at an angle of 45° into a metallic base b. It is shown in the lower illustration of Fig. 1630 as measuring the inclination of the collct-side to the girdle and the bizet to the table. See brilliant. Di′a-mond-cutting. Until 1476, when Louis de Berghem, of Bruges, first discovered this art, the diamond was worn uncut; the four great stones in the mantle of Charlemagne furnishing an example. The diamond is cut in three forms, the brilliant (which see), the rose, and the table, and their respective values are in the order named. The form a diamond shall assume is determined by its shape in the rough, the duty of the lapidary being to cut it so as to sacrifice as little as possible of the stone and obtain the greatest surface, refraction, and
ap. Lap′i-da-ry-wheel. The art of diamond-cutting was probably known in China and India at an early day, but the stone was little known among the ancients of Europe and Western Asia. Other varieties of stones were mounted and used in great numbers. Pliny refers to gem-cutting: How many hands are worn down that one little joint of our finger may be ornamented. The Arabians brought the diamond into notice. The discovery of the Brazilian mines in 1730 made it more common. Berghen of Bruges furnished the lapidaries' wheel with diamond-dust, enabling him to cut diamonds, as other stones were cut by the emery previously used. Diamonds were previously set in the rough. They are now cut into brilliants or rose-diamonds. See brilliant; diamond. The plano-convex lens of rock-crystal found at Nimroud by Layard showed the marks of the lapidary's wheel. The seals of this wonderful nation required the lap to reduce them to form. They were of various had materials, such as amethys
he colors appear to have been in use down to the latter part of the thirteenth or early part of the fourteenth century. The oldest painting in oil-colors at present known was painted in the year 1297, by Thomas de Mutina or de Mutterfdorf, in Bohemia. It is in the Imperial Gallery of Bohemia. Two other paintings are in the same collection, by Nicholas Wurmser of Strasburg, and Thierry of Prague, respectively. These paintings antedate by many years those of Hubert and John Van Eyck of Bruges, who lived during the earlier part of the fifteenth century, and to whom the invention of oil-painting is generally ascribed. Oil-press. A press for extracting oil from the seeds of various plants. Formerly, linseed constituted by much the largest source of supply, but within the past few years cotton-seed is largely used, it as well as linseed yielding a large proportion of oil, beside meal or cake well adapted for feeding cattle or hogs. Cotton-seed (excepting Sea Island) is prefer
lished in 1801, upon paper re-made from old printed and written paper. In 1835, Piette published a work on the subject of Paper from straw, etc., giving 160 specimens. In 1765, Schaeffer, of Ratisbon, printed a book on sixty varieties of paper made from as many different materials; a copy is now in the Smithsonian Institute Library. In 1786, the Marquis de Vilette published in London a small book, printed on paper made from marsh mallow; at the end are leaves of paper manufactured at Bruges from twenty different plants, such as nettles, hops, reeds, etc. The following is a list of materials (numbering in all 402) from which paper has been made or proposed to be made, with references to the authorities from which the information has been derived. paper-making materials. The following materials, among others, have been used or suggested for paper-making. The authorities are cited as follows : — a refers to English patents. b refers to Examiner's Digest, Patent Of